Apple Topaz

Apple Topaz
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, academician Jaroslav Tupi
  • Taste: sweet and sour, with a characteristic light astringency
  • Scent: pronounced, with a touch of spice
  • Fruit weight, g: 120-160
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 2-3 years
  • Ripening terms: late ripening
  • Removable maturity: late September - early October
  • Keeping quality: fruits are stored in the refrigerator for 6-7 months
  • Duration of the consumer period: October - March
  • Appointment: fresh, making stewed fruit, making jam
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The apple tree is one of the most common fruit trees. Such crops grow both on city streets and in summer cottages. Winter apple varieties are especially popular among gardeners. In this article, we'll talk about a variety like Topaz.

Breeding history of the variety

Topaz was developed on the basis of the Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences. The scientist Yaroslav Tupi was engaged in breeding. The bred variety was named Topaz. For selection, we took two other varieties of apple trees: Wanda and Rubin.

Description of the variety

Topaz can be 3 to 5 meters high. The crown of the apple tree is quite dense, rounded, but it can also take the shape of an inverted pyramid. The branches are attached to the trunk at almost right angles. The shoots do not differ in thickness, they are presented in a light brown tint. The flowers are saucer-shaped, white and of medium size.

Features, pros and cons

The Topaz apple tree is still not widespread in the CIS countries, although its popularity is growing from year to year. However, the main pros and cons of this culture can be easily identified.

Pros:

  • fruits have amazing taste and aroma;

  • apples are stored for a long time, lie well, do not deteriorate during transportation;

  • due to the presence of a huge amount of vitamins, this variety is recommended for dietary nutrition;

  • the apple tree is not too whimsical to care for and is very frost-resistant.

Minuses:

  • if the fruits do not receive enough sunlight and heat, they will be sour;

  • it is necessary to constantly monitor the number of ovaries, otherwise there is a chance to get small fruits.

Ripening and fruiting

Apple Topaz is fast-growing. This means that for the first time it will bear fruit for 2 or 3 years. The apple tree belongs to the late ripening varieties. Flowering starts in May, often even in June. The fruits ripen by the end of September or the beginning of October.

Growing regions

Apple Topaz is grown in warm regions of the Czech Republic and Ukraine. This variety is also common in central Russia.

Yield

Young trees of the described variety bear fruit annually, old trees - in a year. Cyclicity can be avoided by taking proper care of apple trees. A rich harvest is usually harvested from one tree - about 12-15 kilograms of apples.

Fruits and their taste

The color of the fruits is represented by a greenish-yellow color. And also apples are covered with a reddish blurred blush. The shape of apples is flattened-rounded, and their weight is 120-160 grams. The skin is smooth and firm. Subcutaneous points are light, large, noticeable.

The taste is classic, sweet and sour, a slight astringency is clearly felt. The pulp is creamy-creamy in tone, and fine-grained in consistency. The aroma is pronounced, spices can be distinguished. The collected fruits are consumed fresh, compotes and jam are cooked from them. In a cool place, apples of the described variety can lie quietly for 6-7 months. Experts rated the taste at 4.5 points.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties.The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Topaz prefers sunny and ventilated areas. It is better to take neutral soil. When planting between trees, keep a distance of 4 meters, between rows - 5 meters. Groundwater should be at least 2 meters from the surface of the earth.

As for watering, they should not be frequent, but correct. It is simple to calculate the amount of water: as many buckets are poured under each tree as the tree is old. The soil should be 70 centimeters wet. There should be three waterings in total:

  • at the very beginning of summer;

  • with the formation of ovaries;

  • at the end of October (moisture charging).

It is worth noting that Topaz has a rather dense crown. It must be thinned out. The first pruning is carried out for 2 years of the life of the apple tree, before the start of the growing season. You will need to cut off non-viable, growing inward and too low shoots.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring great trouble to the fruit tree.

Pollination

The Topaz variety is self-fertile, and therefore pollinators must grow next to it. You can choose from the following options:

  • Discovery;

  • Saturn;

  • Golden Delicious;

  • Raika;

  • Angold;

  • Rubinola.

Top dressing

They begin to feed apple trees only in the second year of life. Topaz is fertilized according to the following scheme:

  • in mid-April, 0.5 kg of urea or a couple of buckets of rotten manure is placed in the trunk circle;

  • as soon as flowering begins, a complex mineral fertilizer is applied, while first there is watering, then fertilization, and then watering again;

  • during the growth of apples, nitrophoska is used;

  • in the fall, the variety will require phosphorus and potassium.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The variety has an average frost resistance (up to -40 degrees), so the trees need to be prepared for cold weather. Young trees should be whitewashed with chalk, adults with lime. The soil is mulched, and the trunks are wrapped in spunbond.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners.It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Academician Jaroslav Tupi
Appeared when crossing
Wanda x Rubin (Golden Delicious)
Name synonyms
Topaz
Early maturity
2nd year
Wood
Height
3-5 m
Crown
thickened, rounded, but can also take the shape of an inverted pyramid
Branches
attached to the trunk at an angle close to a straight line
Escapes
not thick, light brown
Flowers
saucer, white, medium
Fruit
Appointment
fresh, cooking compotes, making jam
Coloration
The main one is greenish-yellow, integumentary in the form of a dull brownish-red spotted-striped blurred blush, occupying from 30 to 60% of the fruit surface
Fruit shape
flattened-rounded
Fruit weight, g
120-160
Skin
smooth, dense, slightly oily
Subcutaneous points
light, large, noticeable
Taste
sweet and sour, with a characteristic light astringency
Pulp
creamy-creamy shade, fine-grained consistency, quite dense, crispy, very juicy
Scent
pronounced, with a touch of spice
Keeping quality
fruits are stored in the refrigerator for 6-7 months
Tasting assessment
4,5
Growing
Growing regions
Czech Republic, Ukraine, middle zone of Russia
Frost resistance, ° C
medium, up to -40 ° С
The soil
neutral
Resistance to fungal diseases
susceptibility to powdery mildew medium
Maturation
Ripening terms
late ripening
Removable maturity
late September - early October
Duration of the consumer period
October - March
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 2-3 years
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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