Apple tree Tolunay

Apple tree Tolunay
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: NIISS Gorno-Altaysk, I.P. Kalinina, N.V. Ermakova, Z.S. Yashchemskaya
  • Taste: sweet and sour
  • Scent: pronounced
  • Fruit weight, g: 92-130
  • Fruit size: average
  • Yield: for the first 3 years, the yield is 5.3 t / ha, at the age of 8 years -15.7 t / ha
  • Frequency of fruiting: annual
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 4-5 years
  • Ripening terms: late summer
  • Removable maturity: end of August
View all specifications

The apple tree Tolunay is an expressive representative of the Altai selection. The plant has advanced much further in adapting to the conditions of the northern and cold regions than previous varieties. And therefore, the study of the features of this culture can be useful for gardeners in different regions.

Breeding history of the variety

The culture was developed in NIISS Gorno-Altaysk. The work on the varietal material was carried out by ZS Yashchemskaya, I. P. Kalinina, N. V. Ermakova. Basic grade - Altai Pepinka. He was crossed with a mixture of Welsey, Pepin Saffron and Bellefleur Chinese. Tolunay claims to be an elite variety, but the variety has not yet been fully studied, therefore any statements must be taken with considerable caution.

Description of the variety

The height of trees can reach 4 m. The rounded crown has an average density. Large and wide leaves are characteristic. A wrinkled surface is typical for them. Other features of the Tolunai apple tree:

  • curved branches extending from the tree at an angle of 45 degrees or more;
  • straight shoots of red-brown color with pubescence and a large number of miniature lentils;
  • belonging to the medium-sized type.

Features, pros and cons

Under normal conditions, a tree does not grow taller than 2.5-3.5 m. The crown is extremely round and compact. Branches have to be pruned systematically. In adult apple trees, the branches can become spreading - their coverage exceeds 3 m. The peculiarities of the development of the branches make them afraid of breaking off under heavy load, which is stopped by tying and installing supports.

Tolunai's bark is either gray-brown or dark brown. Gradually, it cracks and may even begin to crumble. The root system is deep enough so that there is no risk even in severe frost. The presence or absence of a central core depends on the rootstock.

Ripening and fruiting

Apple tree Tolunay - late summer culture. Fruit ripeness is normally reached at the end of August. The consumer season starts in September. The first fruits are obtained in 4-5 years. From this moment, fruiting will go on annually.

Growing regions

Such an apple tree is zoned throughout the Siberian Federal District. Therefore, it can be safely cultivated in:

  • Novosibirsk;
  • Omsk;
  • Kemerovo;
  • Tomsk;
  • The Tyumen region;
  • Altai Territory.

Yield

At the very beginning of the fertile period, the collection is 13-15 kg. But in 7-9 years of development, the harvest will be 35 kg or more. The variety is self-fertile, and you can provide yourself with apples without the help of other trees. However, the presence of pollinators has a positive effect on fertility. If you bring in specially bees, you can even double the harvest.

Fruits and their taste

Tolunai apples are considered versatile fruits. Their surface is dominated by a golden yellow color. The fruit itself resembles a wide cone. There is ribbing, but it is not too pronounced.

Important information:

  • fruit weight - from 0.092 to 0.13 kg;
  • the average size;
  • creamy pulp with sweet and sour taste;
  • tender and juicy sensation;
  • the skin is oily, has a waxy coating;
  • serious, rich aroma;
  • concentration of dry soluble components - up to 16.54%;
  • the share of sugars - up to 13.23%;
  • keeping quality level - up to 40 days.
To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties.The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Stamb Tolunay tolerates low temperatures well. However, this plant is susceptible to drafts. Therefore, the importance of covering work cannot be underestimated. Both the bark and the kidneys are subject to freezing. The temperature is critical below -23 degrees. Scab resistance is very high - but if you only make mistakes in care and prevention, this disease flares up in full.

The Tolunai apple tree is susceptible to moniliosis, powdery mildew, and other pests that affect other varieties. The same applies to protection from rodents, from insect pests. It is undesirable to use clay and acidified areas. It is necessary to choose sunny, wind-protected spaces. Covering with walls, fences and other obstructions is very important.

Landing pits should be prepared in advance. The depth and diameter are the same - 0.8 m. It is necessary to take into account the size of the earth clod. Drainage is poured onto the bottom - gravel, vermiculite or nutshells. Row spacing should be at least 2.5 m, and the gap between individual trees should be at least 2 m.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.
An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.
Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
NIISS Gorno-Altaysk, I.P. Kalinina, N.V. Ermakova, Z.S. Yashchemskaya
Appeared when crossing
Pepinka Altai x (Pepin Saffron x Welsey x Bellefleur-Chinese)
Yield
for the first 3 years, the yield is 5.3 t / ha, at the age of 8 years -15.7 t / ha
Transportability
Yes
Early maturity
early
Marketability
high
Wood
Height
4 m
Crown
round, medium density
Leaves
large, wide, wavy, wrinkled, green
Branches
curves, departing from the trunk at an angle of 45 ° degrees or more
Escapes
straight, reddish-brown, pubescent, with numerous, small lenticels
Fruit
Appointment
universal
Coloration
golden yellow, integumentary - dark red, striped throughout the fruit
Fruit shape
broadly conical, slightly ribbed
Fruit weight, g
92-130
Fruit size
average
Skin
oily, with a dull waxy coating
Subcutaneous points
small, green
Taste
sweet and sour
Pulp
creamy, medium density, tender, fine-grained, juicy
Scent
expressed
Composition
dry soluble substances - up to 16.54%, sugars - up to 13.23%, acids - up to 0.44%, vitamin C - up to 11.3 mg%
Keeping quality
up to 40 days
Tasting assessment
4.8 points
Growing
Growth type
medium-sized
Frost resistance, ° C
average
Scab resistance
high
Maturation
Ripening terms
late summer
Removable maturity
end of August
Duration of the consumer period
from the first decade of September
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 4-5 years
Frequency of fruiting
annual
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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