Apple-tree Souvenir of Altai

Apple-tree Souvenir of Altai
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia named after M. A. Lisavenko. M. A. Lisavenko, I. P. Kalinina, N. V. Ermakova
  • Taste: sweet and sour
  • Fruit weight, g: 81-129
  • Fruit size: average or below average
  • Yield: average, 5.6 t / ha
  • Frequency of fruiting: regular
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 5 years
  • Ripening terms: autumn
  • Removable maturity: in the first decade of September
  • Keeping quality: up to 120 days
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When planning the planting of apple trees on the site, it is worth choosing varieties so that the harvest can be harvested both in summer and in autumn. Among the autumn apple species, the Altai Souvenir variety, adapted to different climatic conditions, is very popular among gardeners and farmers.

Breeding history of the variety

The autumn apple variety was obtained as a result of the painstaking work of a group of breeders from the Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture in Siberia (Kalinina, Ermakova, Yashchemskaya). Crossing was carried out more than 40 years ago, and the variety was entered into the State Register in 1976. Zoning began 10 years later - from Altai to the West Siberian region. The progenitors of this species were the following varieties - Pepin saffron, Gornoaltaiskoe and Bellefleur-kitaika.

Description of the variety

The Altai Souvenir apple tree is a medium-sized tree, the height of which does not exceed 4-5 meters. The crown of the tree is rounded with moderately thickened foliage. Skeletal branches extend from the trunk almost at right angles, so the crown seems lush, spreading. In addition, the tree is endowed with a powerful root system and a good ability to grow branches annually up to 50-60 cm.

Features, pros and cons

Fruit culture The Altai souvenir has its own characteristic features, due to which many gardeners and farmers enjoy it. The main advantages of the variety include a good immune system, high taste and marketability of fruits, sufficient frost resistance and stable fruiting every year.

There are practically no disadvantages of the variety, however, many gardeners note the following: during severe frosts, the tree can freeze slightly.

Ripening and fruiting

The active flowering phase occurs in late May - early June and lasts about 10 days. During this period, the tree is covered with incredibly beautiful small flowers with a pronounced aroma. There are so many flowers that branches and foliage are not visible because of them. In the very first flowering, it is recommended to remove all flowers, which will positively affect the quality of the harvest in the future.

Fruiting in the autumn variety. The first apples can be tasted from mid-September. Fruits ripen unevenly, however, they stick tightly on the branches, do not crumble.

Growing regions

This culture feels most comfortable in central Russia, as well as in Altai, in the regions of Siberia.

Yield

The yield of the variety is average, but stable, that is, the tree bears fruit annually, without interruption. The quantity and quality of the crop practically does not depend on climatic changes. The first apple harvest can be observed in the fifth year of growth and development of the tree. Apples have a high shelf life, so at the right temperature they can be stored for 4-5 months.

Fruits and their taste

The apple is characterized by medium size (80-130 g), a regular rounded-conical shape with pronounced ribbing and an interesting color - a bright blush with splashes on a light yellow background. The apples taste sweet and sour, without astringency, with good juiciness. The skin is thin, smooth with a wax coating.The apple variety belongs to the universal class, so the fruits are consumed fresh, canned, dried, and used as a filling for baking.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Before planting seedlings, it is recommended to select a site and prepare it. The soil is thoroughly cleared of weeds, dug up to improve air permeability, moistened and saturated with fertilizers. For saplings Altai Souvenir, fertile and loose soil with neutral acidity is suitable. The tree loves moisture, but there should be no stagnant water. The site must be well lit by the sun, protected from drafts and strong winds.

Planting of seedlings is carried out in the spring, at the beginning of April, when the soil is sufficiently warmed up. The distance between seedlings should not be less than 3-4 meters. Two-year-old seedlings without damage and cuts are considered optimal for planting.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Pollination

This apple species belongs to the self-fertile class, therefore it does not need pollinating trees.

Top dressing

Fertilizers are applied in a complex manner. It is recommended to apply top dressing from the second year of tree growth. Top dressing is applied three times a year - in the spring the soil is fertilized with nitrogen components, in the summer - with a complex of mineral fertilizers, and in the fall - root dressing. During the flowering period, experts recommend the introduction of nitrogen and compost.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The frost resistance of the tree is moderate, therefore, in regions with severe frosts, additional measures will be required to insulate the tree. To do this, you need to mulch, as well as cover the near-stem zone with breathable material - burlap or agrofibre, which will reliably protect the root system.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

The tree has excellent immunity, so scab and powdery mildew are not terrible for the apple tree. In addition, the variety is resistant to many fungal diseases. The only disease to which the Altai Souvenir is exposed is moniliosis, it must be eliminated using special preparations.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).

Review overview

The Altai Souvenir variety is a favorite fruit crop of residents of regions with a cold climate. Farmers and gardeners describe it as a tree with tasty and juicy fruits that are stored until early spring. Many point to unpretentious care, as well as resistance to many diseases and pest infestations. Commercial farmers report high keeping quality, attractive fruit appearance and lossless transport.

General characteristics
Authors
Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia named after M. A. Lisavenko. M. A. Lisavenko, I. P. Kalinina, N. V. Ermakova
Appeared when crossing
(Gornoaltaiskoe x Pepin saffron) x Bellefleur-Chinese
Yield
average, 5.6 t / ha
Early maturity
early
Marketability
high
Wood
Height
4-5 m
Crown
rounded medium density
Leaves
medium, ovate and ellipsoid, short-pointed, green, wrinkled, shiny, curved downward, pubescent on the underside
Branches
move away from the trunk at angles close to straight
Escapes
straight, brown, strongly pubescent
Fruit
Appointment
universal
Coloration
light yellow, integumentary - dark pink, blurred and streaky for most of the fruit
Fruit shape
rounded and rounded-conical, with coarse ribbing
Fruit weight, g
81-129
Fruit size
average or below average
Skin
intensely waxy bloom
Taste
sweet and sour
Pulp
creamy, fine-grained, juicy
Composition
the amount of sugars - 11.3% (9.9-12.1), titratable acids - 1.0% (0.37-1.64), tannins - 88 mg / 100g (62-131), ascorbic acid - 12.0 mg / 100g (5.54-24.24), P-active compounds - 100 mg / 100g (62-130), pectin substances - 5.55% on dry weight
Keeping quality
up to 120 days
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Growth type
medium-sized
Growing regions
Altai Territory, southern Krasnoyarsk Territory, West Siberian region
Frost resistance, ° C
average
Scab resistance
high
Monilial burn resistance
average
Maturation
Ripening terms
autumn
Removable maturity
in the first decade of September
The beginning of fruiting varieties
5 year
Frequency of fruiting
regular
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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