Apple tree Spartan

Apple tree Spartan
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Canada, Summerland Experiment Station
  • Taste: sweet, no sour taste
  • Fruit weight, g: 100
  • Fruit size: average
  • Yield: 150 kg per tree
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: 4-5 years
  • Ripening terms: winter
  • Keeping quality: 200 days, until March-April
  • Appointment: universal
  • Appeared when crossing: Meckintosh x Yellow Newtown
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When planting apple seedlings, the gardener wants to see a tree on his site that gives a high yield, which can be stored until spring. One of these is the Canadian apple variety Spartan, which has been massively grown in Russia over the past 30 years.

Breeding history of the variety

For many years in a row, Canadian breeders have been working on the development of an apple tree that will be grown on an industrial scale, give high yields and do not require special growing conditions. Almost 100 years ago, such a variety was bred - this is Spartan. Two varieties were taken as a basis - Yellow Newtown and Mackintosh. The Spartan apple tree was brought to the territory of our country in the late 1980s. The variety quickly gained popularity as it adapts well to climatic conditions and soil.

Description of the variety

The Spartan apple tree is a medium-sized tree, reaching a height of 4-5 meters, with a rounded lush crown, burgundy branches and a powerful root system. The center conductor of the trunk is steeply sloped. It belongs to the class of late varieties with incredibly tasty fruits that retain their taste until spring. The tree looks especially beautiful during the flowering and fruiting period, since both flowers and fruits are characterized by a bright color.

Features, pros and cons

The fruit crop has excellent characteristics, so even a beginner can cope with planting and growing it. Along with the standard characteristics, this apple variety has many features: abundant fruiting, high content of nutrients, resistance to diseases and pest infestations, quick establishment in the soil, good taste of fruits and shelf life.

The disadvantages of the variety include not very high frost resistance and the need for systematic crown pruning.

Ripening and fruiting

The flowering period of the tree is quite long - from mid-May to the second half of June. The flowers of the apple tree are large, white with a pink rim, emitting an incredibly sweet aroma. The fruiting period begins in the second half of September, and the very first apples can be tasted at 4-5 years of tree growth.

Fruiting is concentrated on the ringlets. Ripening of apples occurs almost simultaneously. It is characteristic that the fruits do not crumble, even if they are not collected on time, maintaining their integrity, since they have a dense stalk, which is important if the culture is grown on an industrial scale. The tree bears fruit annually.

Growing regions

The ideal environment for the growth of Spartan seedlings is considered to be the Central and Central Black Earth regions of the Russian Federation, as well as the Moscow region. In Ukraine, the variety adapts well in the central and southeastern regions. It is not recommended to grow the variety in regions with harsh winters, since the culture is not very frost-resistant.

Yield

The yield indicators of the species are very high. On average, 150 kg of fruit can be harvested from one adult tree per fruiting season. The keeping quality of the fruits is good (up to 200 days), apples can be stored under the right conditions until March-April.Before long-term storage, it is not recommended to wash the fruit or remove its natural waxy film, which has a protective function.

Fruits and their taste

Apples are characterized by medium size (weight about 100 g), neat round-conical shape without pronounced ribbing. The taste of the fruit is rich, sweet, practically without sourness. The Spartan apple is characterized by an interesting color - a light yellow background with a bright red blush, covered with a waxy bloom, which gives a purple hue. The aroma of the fruit is memorable - fruity-sweet, and the pulp is juicy and crunchy, hidden under the dense skin.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Planting of seedlings is carried out in a previously prepared area - cleaning from weeds, moistening, fertilizing, digging, necessary to ensure good air permeability. The site should be well lit or located in a moderately shaded place with remote groundwater. Drafts are contraindicated for wood. The optimal soil is loam with neutral acidity. In addition, the soil must be fertile. Seedlings are planted at a distance of 3-4.5 meters. The best season is spring, and in the fall preparatory procedures are carried out.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Pollination

The Spartan variety is self-fertile, therefore it bears fruit perfectly without extraneous trees. In addition, the tree is an excellent pollinator for other apple species.

Top dressing

Top dressing of this variety is carried out in 5 stages - when the buds open (humus), during the formation of buds (chicken droppings and mullein tincture), at the end of flowering (solution of potassium and sodium), during the ripening of fruits (humate) and at the end of fruiting ( superphosphates and potassium sulfide). In addition, the fruit crop loves organic fertilizers.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

This apple variety does not differ in high winter hardiness, withstanding frosts down to -15 ... 20 degrees, therefore it needs additional insulation. After the last harvest, it is necessary to water the tree abundantly, dig up the soil and apply a layer of peat. The tree trunk is insulated with burlap or spruce branches. During heavy snowfall, it is recommended to make a small snow slide around the trunk. Small seedlings are tilted to the ground and set in wooden boxes, which are harvested in early spring.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

The variety has good immunity to many diseases and pests, so the tree is reliably protected from powdery mildew, scab, bacterial cancer and many fungal infections.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).

Review overview

According to gardeners and farmers, the apple variety Spartan is bountiful harvests, incredibly tasty and juicy apples with good keeping quality, as well as unpretentious care. Commercial apple farmers report excellent transport without significant losses, ease of storage at the correct temperature, and visual appeal of the fruit.

Gardeners point to ease of care, which does not require special skills and knowledge, high taste of apples, as well as the versatility of fruits, which are recommended for fresh consumption, for canning, drying, as a delicious filling for baking.

General characteristics
Authors
Canada, Summerland Experiment Station
Appeared when crossing
Mackintosh x Yellow Newtown
Name synonyms
Malus domestica Spartan
Yield
150 kg per tree
Early maturity
early
Wood
Height
4-5 m
Crown
rounded with a deviated center conductor
Leaves
medium-sized or small, dark green, leathery, shiny, wide, almost round in cross-section, with a small, helically twisted tip and heart-shaped base. The surface of the leaf is highly wrinkled
Escapes
geniculate, dark cherry, with strong pubescence
Fruit
Appointment
universal
Coloration
main - light yellow, integumentary - intense burgundy-red blush, strong gray wax bloom gives the fruit a purple appearance
Fruit shape
flattened-rounded or rounded-conical, slightly ribbed towards the apex
Fruit weight, g
100
Fruit size
average
Taste
sweet, no sour taste
Pulp
white, dense, juicy
Composition
the amount of sugars - 10.6%, titrated acids - 0.32%, ascorbic acid - 4.6 mg / 100g, P-active substances - 160.2 mg / 100g, pectin substances - 11.1%
Keeping quality
200 days, until March-April
Crumbling
do not crumble
Tasting assessment
4.5 points
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Growth type
medium-sized
Frost resistance, ° C
-15-20 ° C
The soil
Not demanding
Location
sun and partial shade
Landing distance, m
3-4.5 m
Scab resistance
steady
Maturation
Ripening terms
winter
The beginning of fruiting varieties
4-5 years
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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