Columnar Apple President

Columnar Apple President
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Russian selection
  • Taste: sweet and sour
  • Scent: there is
  • Fruit weight, g: 140-250
  • Fruit size: large
  • Yield: high, up to 5 - 8 kg per tree, with good care up to 10 - 16 kg
  • Frequency of fruiting: annual
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 2 years
  • Ripening terms: autumn
  • Removable maturity: in the second decade of September
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Over the past few decades, many improved apple varieties have been created, which have shown themselves well in the climatic conditions of the center of Russia. New varieties are unpretentious, quick-growing, do not take up much space on the land, give good yields with minimal care. One of these varieties is the President apple tree.

Breeding history of the variety

One of the interesting varieties of the President was created in 1974 by a Russian breeder, Professor Viktor Kichina, a great enthusiast in the selection of columnar varieties of apple trees and a pioneer in this field in our country. Working on the basis of the Scientific Selection and Technology Center for Horticulture, he crossed the Vazhak variety, the ancestor of all columnar varieties of apple trees, and the traditional Abundant, resulting in a productive, winter-hardy variety.

In 2002, the President was zoned in the Central Region and included in the State Register in 2004.

Description of the variety

The shape of the crown is columnar, dense, compact, up to 2.2 m high, which allows the President to be attributed to the semi-dwarf varieties of apple trees. The fruits begin to set already at a height of 30 cm above the ground. Short, strong reproductive shoots - ringlets and spears, arranged in groups, evenly and densely cover the tree trunk.

The leaf blade is medium in size, oblong, ovoid. The tree blooms in May with large white fragrant flowers. Forms a powerful, root system. The survival rate of seedlings is high.

The fruits of the President are intended for fresh consumption. The life span of apple trees does not exceed 20-25 years. They have proven themselves well in dacha gardening and household plots of the Perm, Samara, Moscow regions, Chernozem and Non-chernozem zones. With the right preparation for winter, they overcome the vicissitudes of the difficult climate of central Russia.

Features, pros and cons

Variety President has many short fruit formations on the trunk and vertical shoots (if the tree is grown in more than one trunk). There is practically no branching, especially in the first years of growth.

An interesting feature of the columnar President is not the yield of one tree, it is not impressive, but the receipt of a significant amount of fruits per unit area, achieved due to the high density of planting of seedlings. It makes sense to cultivate apple trees of this type on an industrial scale, the high costs of planting material begin to quickly pay off due to the early maturity of the cultivar.

The creator of the variety V. Kichina focused on increasing the frost resistance of apple trees, and the President was a success in this regard. Variety characteristics:

  • early maturity;

  • high resistance to diseases and pests of fruit crops, average resistance to scab;

  • large fruit size;

  • no need for regular shaping pruning;

  • the possibility of harvesting without the use of stepladders;

  • high decorativeness of plantings during flowering and fruiting periods;

  • quick payback of plantings and high profitability;

  • the possibility of cultivating the variety on small plots of land.

Among the disadvantages of the variety are:

  • short shelf life of fruits;

  • overestimated cost of seedlings of the variety and a shortage of high-quality planting material;

  • short tree life;

  • death of baby pods during temperature stresses;

  • the bark is often damaged by rodents during the winter.

An important nuance for the successful harvest of the columnar apple-tree President is the purchase of planting material only in a proven and reliable nursery.

Ripening and fruiting

The beginning of ripening occurs in the last decade of August, the timing depends on the climatic zone and natural factors. Full maturity occurs by mid-September. The President is considered an autumn variety.

At the time of fruiting, trees enter at the age of 2 years and bear fruit annually, without frequency.

Yield

From one tree that has reached 4-5 years of age, up to 10 kg of fruits are harvested, the yield can be doubled, providing the apple tree with increased attention and care. With industrial cultivation, the yield reaches 70-90 c / ha.

Fruits and their taste

The apples are dense, yellow-white, shiny, the integumentary color is weak, insignificant, red-violet, occupies a smaller part of the apple. Fruits are medium (100-140 g) or large (up to 250 g) in size with sweet and sour, dessert taste. The aroma is pronounced. The pulp is fine-grained, unusually juicy, white. The shape of the fruit is flat-round,

Apples are stored for 1.5-2 months.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

The main task of a gardener who wants to get a high yield from a columnar President is to choose a place with fertile, well-drained soil, or to enrich poor soil before planting. The apple tree requires moderate regular watering, which should be increased on sandy soils. It is advisable to mulch the soil around the tree, but not to loosen it. The landing site is chosen well-lit and without strong winds - the President is sensitive to a lack of light, does not tolerate frequent and cold winds. Groundwater should be no higher than 1.5 m.

Single and group plantings of apple trees of the variety are allowed. The tree definitely needs support. Planting scheme of columnar trees:

  • between seedlings - from 0.5 m;

  • between rows - from 1 m.

Variety President has a weak point - an apical bud, which grows into a powerful central shoot. In winter, it can freeze, be damaged by rodents. In this case, the tree forms several shoots, the strongest of them is left, the rest are removed.

Experienced gardeners involved in the cultivation of columnar varieties of apple trees, to which the President belongs, recommend that in difficult climatic conditions form a tree not into one trunk, but a candelabrum (2-3 vertical branches). In this case, the planting pattern changes - the interval between trees is maintained at 0.75-1.0 m.

Sanitary pruning is recommended for the President variety. Due to the fact that the bark on the trunk of a tree is often damaged by mice or hares, it is necessary to arrange protection for the winter - a metal mesh with a fine mesh.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Pollination

The flowers of the apple-tree President are bisexual. The variety is self-pollinated, however, for more successful pollination and obtaining high yields, it is necessary to plant apple trees of other varieties in one area.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

In terms of winter hardiness, the variety is identical to Antonovka. In order for the trees to survive the winter better, it is recommended:

  • overlay the lower part of the trunk of apple trees with spruce branches, straw, wrapping the shelter with burlap or roofing felt;

  • wrap the upper part of the crown with a rag, cover with a bag.

Growing columnar varieties of apple trees is not only useful, but also interesting for the gardener, the opportunity to get the first harvest in 2 years instead of the usual 5-7 years makes these varieties desirable in every garden.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
Russian selection
Appeared when crossing
Vazhak (columnar) x Abundant
Yield
high, up to 5 - 8 kg per tree, with good care up to 10 - 16 kg
Early maturity
early
Columnar
Yes
Wood
Height
more than 2 m
Crown
compact, columnar
Escapes
thick
Fruit
Appointment
fresh
Coloration
pale yellow, integumentary - tender, violet-red on the smaller part of the fruit
Fruit shape
flattened round, symmetrical
Fruit weight, g
140-250
Fruit size
large
Skin
thin, but rather tight, with a shiny sheen
Taste
sweet and sour
Pulp
white, very juicy, fine-grained
Scent
there is
Keeping quality
until the end of December
Growing
Growth type
medium-sized
Frost resistance, ° C
winter hardy
Disease and pest resistance
high
Maturation
Ripening terms
autumn
Removable maturity
in the second decade of September
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 2 years
Frequency of fruiting
annual
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