Apple tree Orlovim

Apple tree Orlovim
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops, authors - E.N.Sedov, Z.M. Serova, V.V. Zhdanov
  • Taste: sweet and sour
  • Scent: quite strong, a bit like the smell of an ordinary Antonovka
  • Fruit weight, g: 130-150
  • Fruit size: average
  • Yield: high, 200 c / ha
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 4-5 years
  • Ripening terms: summer
  • Removable maturity: in the second half of August
  • Keeping quality: 3-4 weeks
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Apple trees are very often subject to such a disease as scab. But a variety has appeared that resists it well. Apple Orlovim is just such a variety. In this article, we will consider the characteristics of the culture, the taste of the fruits, note the positive aspects, agrotechnical features, as well as pollination and frost resistance.

Breeding history of the variety

In 1977, at the All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops, specialists in this field, Sedov E.N., Serova Z.M. and Zhdanov V.V., received a new apple variety that is resistant to scab due to the Vm gene. For the parental pair of the future hybrid, they took varieties of the Antonovka ordinary apple tree and a seedling called SR 0523. This hybrid was entered into the State Register only in 1999 after it had passed all the tests in central Russia.

Description of the variety

The apple tree has good vigor, but it grows 4-5 m in length. The crown is round in shape, not too dense, up to 6 m in diameter. Skeletal branches are crooked and extend from the base of the trunk almost at right angles. They are located at a distance from each other, which creates a feeling of the rarity of the branches.

The color of the bark is light brown, there are small notches and peeling.

Newly formed shoots are thin in structure, with a round section and very pubescent, brown in color. The buds are brown and slightly pubescent.

Orlovim apple-tree leaves are medium, oblong-elongated especially at the end. The tip is slightly pointed. The upper part of the sheet is folded in a spiral. The anterior surface of the plate is glossy, the posterior surface is matte with barely noticeable pubescence. The edge of the leaf is wavy.

The flowers resemble the shape of a saucer. The flower petals are pale pink. The number of petals is 4, but there are also 6-petal flowers.

The root system is well developed and takes up a lot of space, as the roots grow both vertically and horizontally.

Features, pros and cons

Every gardener first of all looks at the positive aspects of any culture. In the Orlovim hybrid, the positive aspects are that the fruits have good taste, they are fragrant and suitable for universal use. And also the apple tree is characterized by frost resistance, stable fruiting and resistance to scab.

But the first minus, which catches everyone's eye, is that apples are absolutely not intended for transportation. The shelf life does not exceed 3 weeks. Gardeners also note that some apples grow too high, and they are not only difficult to pick, but also to care for them.

Ripening and fruiting

Fruiting takes place in two stages. The first stage is to eat apples in the second decade of August. This is the average maturity of the apple, they are still green in color, but ready to eat. They can sour a little.

The second stage is September 15-20, apples are completely filled with color, become sweet.

The ripening period takes place from mid-May to August. Approximately 90-100 days. Fruiting times may increase depending on the growing region.

Yield

The yield of the Orlovim apple tree is high and stable. The apple tree bears fruit every year starting from the 5th year of planting the seedling in the ground.

From an apple tree up to 10 years old, 60-80 kg of apples are removed, older trees increase the yield to 100-120 kg. 200 centners are removed from 1 hectare.

Fruits and their taste

The apples are medium-sized, light yellow in shade with a rich blush on the sides and interspersed. The apple weighs 130-150 g, there are also fruits weighing 180 g. They are conical in shape, slightly flattened at the base and bottom. There are apples with a slight slope at the base.

The rind is thin, with a small ribbed surface. Gloss and oiliness are present. Funnel of medium depth, sharp-conical.

The pulp is juicy, creamy, tender, without noticeable graininess. The seeds are small. The apples are sweet-sour to taste, much depends on the degree of ripening. There is a strong apple flavor.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Agrotechnical aspects of caring for the Orlovim apple tree are not particularly different from the cultivation of other crops. In order for the apple tree to bear fruit well, several steps must be followed.

The first thing you should pay attention to before disembarking is the square. The crown of the tree is quite large, although the branches are not spreading, but still it needs a place. And picking apples will be easier when nothing is growing close.

The place should also be well lit by the sun and not too blown by the winds. It is worth regularly watering the crop, especially during the period of color set and fruit ripening.

The selected place is checked for the presence of groundwater, since the root system is extensive, and the roots will reach for the water anyway. This should be avoided, since in a highly humid environment, the roots are oversaturated and begin to rot, and this will adversely affect the harvest.

The soil should be loose, oxygen-permeable, sandy and loamy in composition.

Particular attention must be paid to the crown, or rather, its formation. Formation begins from the first years of planting a seedling in the ground so that the plant does not thicken.

Circumcision takes place in several stages: in spring, summer and autumn. In autumn, it is advisable to cut off more branches, leaving only skeletal ones.

Since the root system is large, it is worth pulling out a hole 1.5-2 times larger than the rhizome. This will have a beneficial effect on growth and root formation.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring great trouble to the fruit tree.

Pollination

The flowers of the Orlovim apple tree are sterile, although pollination still occurs, but the harvest in this case will not be large. In order for the apple tree to be well pollinated, apple varieties are planted next to it at a distance of 2 m, in which the flowering dates coincide, for example, Wesley or Pepin saffron.

Top dressing

Top dressing should also be carried out in several stages. These are usually stages that are divided by season. Spring feeding is carried out when all the snow has melted and the earth dries up slightly. During this period, the soil must be equipped with nitrogen and beneficial growth minerals, since after winter the culture is still weak.During flowering and growing season, you can fertilize the apple tree with natural organic fertilizing, and do spraying. In the fall, the apple tree is prepared for winter, so it is necessary to carry out a whole complex of mineral components. Of course, you can buy special dressings in the store marked "autumn", they must contain potassium and phosphorus.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The Orlovim apple tree has excellent winter hardiness, up to -30 degrees. Gardeners note that this is indeed the case, and it is not worth harboring additional culture.

It is only necessary to cover young seedlings in the first 2-3 years, until the trunk is sufficiently strong and the root system is not fully developed. You can cover it with agrofibre or roofing material. This will protect the bark from freezing.

And also after harvesting the tree trunk is whitewashed. This is an additional protection of the bark from the penetration of pests both in winter and in subsequent seasons.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

Gardeners note that this apple tree does not have any pests as such, but it is still worth carrying out preventive work.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops, authors - E.N.Sedov, Z.M. Serova, V.V. Zhdanov
Appeared when crossing
Antonovka ordinary x SR 0523
Yield
high, 200 c / ha
Transportability
No
Early maturity
early
Wood
Height
4-5 m
Crown
round, medium density
Leaves
medium-sized, oblong-ovate, long-pointed, with a helical twisted apex, light green, with a yellowish tinge, wrinkled, matte, with delicate nerves
Branches
the main branches are curved, located rarely, departing from the trunk at an angle close to right
Escapes
thin, geniculate, brown, rounded in cross section, pubescent
Flowers
large, saucer-shaped, in buds - white-pink, petals are pale pink, almost white, closed, sometimes there are 6 petals, raised by a "boat", stigma of the pistil at the level of anthers
Fruit
Appointment
making jam
Coloration
light yellow; integumentary - in the form of bright red stripes and a blurred blush
Fruit shape
moderately flattened, conical, slightly sloping, the surface of the fruit is slightly ribbed
Fruit weight, g
130-150
Fruit size
average
Skin
smooth, shiny
Subcutaneous points
inconspicuous
Taste
sweet and sour
Pulp
creamy, dense, prickly, very juicy
Scent
quite strong, a bit like the smell of an ordinary Antonovka
Composition
the amount of sugars - 10.2%, titrated acids - 0.72%, ascorbic acid - 10.2 mg / 100g, P-active substances - 186 mg / 100g, pectin substances - 13.6%
Keeping quality
3-4 weeks
Tasting assessment
4.5 points
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile, any variety that matches the flowering
Growth type
medium-sized
Frost resistance, ° C
high, -35 ° С
The soil
black soil, loam, gray forest soil
Location
sun and partial shade
Scab resistance
steady
Maturation
Ripening terms
summer
Removable maturity
in the second half of August
Duration of the consumer period
until the end of September
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 4-5 years
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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