Apple-tree Moscow Winter

Apple-tree Moscow Winter
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosova, S. I. Isaev
  • Taste: sweet and sour with light spice
  • Scent: light
  • Fruit size: large
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 6-7 years
  • Ripening terms: winter
  • Removable maturity: end of September - beginning of October
  • Keeping quality: until April
  • Appointment: universal
  • Appeared when crossing: Welsey x Antonovka ordinary
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Apple-tree Moscow Winter is one of the most attractive fruit plants. The variety is not too new (it has been cultivated for almost 60 years), but it is well studied in all details. For novice summer residents and gardeners, it will be very useful to get acquainted with this culture.

Breeding history of the variety

Moscow Winter was brought out by breeders of Moscow State University. To obtain a hybrid, Antonovka ordinary and Welsey were crossed. The authorship of the selection belongs to S.I. Isaev. We developed the plant in 1963. Official grade trials were carried out in 1977.

Description of the variety

The crop is optimized for growing in fairly harsh weather conditions. The apple tree is suitable for use in private and industrial gardening. The tree is very tall, and therefore not all gardeners will be able to cope with it. If you do not control growth, Moscow Winter can rise up to 8-10 m. But all these problems are compensated by high consumer characteristics.

Features, pros and cons

The growth is fast. Over the course of a year, the tree will add 15 cm each. The crown of young apple trees resembles a wide pyramid. Mature trees have a crown in the form of a wide oval. The number of leaves is moderately large; they are large and are held on branches by fleecy cuttings.

To cope with such a disadvantage as too active development, stopping the growth point helps. Yield adjustment is impossible if the apple tree was allowed to grow up to 5-6 m. Susceptibility to fungal infections is at an average level. However, all of these problems overlap impressively:

  • attractive qualities of the crop;

  • the plant's ability to withstand harsh weather conditions;

  • a decent level of adaptation in different areas.

Ripening and fruiting

Moscow Winter - predictably apple tree with winter maturation. The fruits will ripen by the end of September - early October. The first harvest is possible for 6-7 years. The active period lasts up to 50 years. With proper adjustment of the number of flowers and ovaries, annual fruiting can be achieved.

Yield

One tree of this culture is capable of producing 150 kg of fruit per season. The spread is sometimes from 140 to 170 kg. If you grow Moscow Winter on an industrial scale, you can get up to 100 centners (centners) per hectare. But positive results are achieved only with scrupulous adherence to agricultural standards. You will have to water and feed the apple tree very carefully.

Fruits and their taste

There are light green and greenish yellow apples. The dark red coat is well expressed on the entire surface of the fruit. The smooth rind has a good waxy coating. And also worth noting:

  • pleasant light aroma;

  • light green very juicy pulp;

  • the entry of sugars from 8.3 to 12.4%;

  • sweet and sour, slightly spicy taste;

  • significant keeping quality (it can last until April).

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties.The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Moskovskoe Zimnee is a variety that requires a sunny place. Growing in the shade turns into crushing the fruit. The soil must be well aerated. Do not use areas where groundwater reaches closer than 3 m to the surface. The use of chernozem, sandy loam and loam is encouraged.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Top dressing

To feed the apple tree you need:

  • mineral complexes;

  • humus;

  • superphosphate;

  • compost.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The apple tree's resistance to cold is quite high. Complicated techniques to protect it will not be required. Usually limited to wrapping with burlap or using grass, straw mats. Covering young trees is especially important. Adult specimens often cope with winter weather on their own.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

Moskovskoe Zimnee moderately well tolerates scab. Powdery mildew resistance is also quite high. But preventive protection is imperative. Fire blight and cytosporosis pose a serious threat. It is worth noting that the apple of this variety is threatened by rodents in the first place; there are no specific insect pests that would attack only Moscow Winter.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases.Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosova, S. I. Isaev
Appeared when crossing
Welsey x Antonovka ordinary
Early maturity
medium-fruited
Wood
Crown
spreading, broadly round, dense, strongly leafy
Leaves
large, leathery, wrinkled with a crenate edge and good pubescence on the underside
Branches
skeletal branches greenish-gray, horizontal
Escapes
brown, long, medium thickness, rounded in cross section, pubescent, internodes are short
Fruit
Appointment
universal
Coloration
light green and greenish-yellow, integumentary - blurred, with indistinct strokes, dark red, well pronounced on most of the fruit
Fruit shape
one-dimensional, flattened-round, regular
Fruit size
large
Skin
smooth, waxy bloom
Subcutaneous points
numerous, small, yellowish, clearly visible
Taste
sweet and sour with light spice
Pulp
light green, very juicy, medium density
Scent
light
Composition
the amount of sugars - 9.5% (8.3-12.4%), titratable acids - 0.7% (0.51-0.96%), tannins - 69 mg / 100g (44-86 mg / 100g ), ascorbic acid - 21.2 mg / 100g (13.1-26.3 mg / 100g), P-active substances - 0.27 mg / 100g (0.23-0.35 mg / 100g), pectin substances - 8.7% (5.7-10.3%) dry weight
Keeping quality
until April
Growing
Growth type
vigorous
Frost resistance, ° C
good
Scab resistance
high
Maturation
Ripening terms
winter
Removable maturity
late September — early October
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 6-7 years
Reviews
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