Columnar apple-tree Malukha

Columnar apple-tree Malukha
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: VSTISP
  • Taste: sweet and sour, with a predominance of sweetness, dessert
  • Scent: weak
  • Fruit weight, g: 60-80
  • Fruit size: small and medium
  • Yield: high, up to 13 kg
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 2 years
  • Ripening terms: autumn
  • Removable maturity: early - late September
  • Keeping quality: until November - January
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In recent years, the selection of apple trees belonging to columnar varieties has been actively carried out. One of the pioneers in this area is the Russian scientist V.V. Kichina. The renowned breeder took a direct part in the creation of many striking varieties of apple crops. Recently, a relatively fresh variety called Malyukha has become popular.

Breeding history of the variety

Bred by the specialists of VSTISP Professor V.V. Kichina, N.G. Morozova and L.F. Tulinova. In breeding they used Brusnichnoye and KB 103. Prior to being included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia, variety trials lasted 7 years.

Description of the variety

A fast-growing columnar variety. The apple tree grows up to 2.5 m. The annual growth does not exceed 15 cm. The baby tree has a small, compact crown and good foliage. In May, the tree is covered with beautiful snow-white flowers. It is a non-self-fertile variety, pollinated by Currency, Kitayka, Chervonets.

Features, pros and cons

The medium-sized variety is considered very convenient for picking fruits. The shape of the tree does not take up much space. It turns out to break a small apple orchard in a small area.

The appearance of Malyukha is very decorative, which allows not only supplying apples to the owners, but also decorating the territory of the site. Bears fruit with full, large apples. High frost resistance, which is highly valued in areas with cool climates.

The columnar apple tree is inferior to ordinary varieties only in one - there are more fruits on an ordinary apple tree.

Ripening and fruiting

Autumn ripening terms. Removable maturity occurs at the beginning - end of September. The baby begins to bear fruit in the second year, and from the age of five it gives a harvest annually.

Growing regions

This columnar variety is a real find for gardeners in central Russia.

The admission region is Central, represented by the Bryansk, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Moscow, Kaluga, Ryazan, Tula and Smolensk regions.

The results obtained during the tests represent the possibility of cultivating Malyukha in cooler climates, in particular, in the Urals. But the best performance is shown in the Moscow region.

Yield

The apple tree of this variety has a high yield, up to 13 kg.

Fruits and their taste

The rounded-conical apples are evenly distributed on the trunk. The weight of each individual fruit is 60-80 g. It is considered small or medium in size.

The color of the peel is light yellow. The skin is smooth, thin, but dense, there is a light waxy coating.

The taste of the fruit is sweet and sour, with a predominant sweetness - dessert. The color of the juicy pulp is closer to cream, the density is average. Apples exude a subtle aroma.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Malyukha variety can be planted in spring (April) or autumn (September-October).

Before proceeding with the landing, it is important to correctly determine the landing site. It must certainly be draft-free and always sunny.

The soil is preferable fertile, with high drainage properties. It is important to remember that the proximity to groundwater is destructive for a tree. Therefore, it is important not to plant it in the lowlands.

Having decided on the place, you can start organizing the landing pit. It will be correct to prepare it 2 weeks before planting the apple tree. In width, it should be 50 cm. The depth is determined by the length of the roots of the seedling.

Usually, columnar varieties of apple trees are planted in a row. The planting distance is kept within 0.4 m.If several rows are planted, a distance of 130 cm must be maintained between the rows.

Whenever possible, a "warm" bed is used when planting.

A hole is dug, at the bottom of which plastic bottles are placed, and compost is laid on top of them.

Then a layer of plant residues of weeds, grass and foliage, a layer of sawdust and earth are alternately placed there. A Malukha sapling is planted in the prepared "pillow".

In winter, you need to try to protect the tree from frost. With the arrival of cold weather, the root collar is mulched about 10 cm in height. After the apple tree is planted, it is watered and mulched.

Different weather conditions affect the irrigation regime. In order for the tree to be comfortable in the first year of life, you will have to control the soil so that it remains moist to a depth of 4-5 cm. In normal weather, watering is needed 2 times a week.

Like all fruit trees, Malukh needs to be pruned. From the second year after planting, it is necessary to form a crown, get rid of unnecessary branches growing horizontally. The uppermost vertical shoot cannot be cut, it is only allowed to tie it up.

It will be convenient for the baby to cut off according to a certain pattern.

At the 2nd year of life - the lateral branches are cut to 2 buds. During the summer period, fresh shoots will develop from them.

At 3 years old, annual shoots are already bearing fruit, and young shoots are cut into 2 buds.

At the 4th year - they remove last year's branches, those that have already borne fruit, and with the rest of the shoots they act again according to the scheme.

With this pruning option, a stem is obtained that grows slowly, while annual fruiting is ensured. And in the absence of pruning, the apple tree will lose its columnar shape, and the tree will quickly age.

Weeding and loosening are usually combined. To facilitate the work, the trunks are especially mulched so that the weeds do not interfere with the young tree.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring great trouble to the fruit tree.

Top dressing

In the first year after planting, it is recommended to add nitroammophoska at the rate of 50 g of funds per 1 seedling.

Re-feeding is necessary for the culture in a month. This time you can use urea by dissolving 2 tbsp. spoons of composition in 1 bucket of water.

The third top dressing, the final one, is carried out a month later. Again, you can use urea or nitroammophos.

Top dressing is always applied to wet soil. First, young seedlings should be watered, and only after that fertilize them.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.
Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

Disease and pest resistance is high. A similar resistance is observed to fungal diseases. In this regard, there is no great need for the application of medicinal chemical compounds to the apple.

But in the spring, it will be useful to treat the seedling with special fungicides and pest control agents.

Around the trunk it will not hurt to sprinkle with "Thunder", which protects the tree from ants. The absence of ants ensures that aphids will not start on the leaves.

Rodents can covet apple bark in winter. It would be wise and prudent to wrap the trunk with a netting.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).

Review overview

The fruits are intended for fresh consumption.

Gardeners note the high keeping quality of apple fruits. They can be stored until January without losing their qualities.

Those who have been growing the Malukh apple tree for several years say that the yield is only getting richer every year.

In spring, the apple tree pleases with wonderful flowering and fills the garden with marvelous aromas.

In summer, its column gives a clear vertical line of greenery, and in autumn it bears tasty fruits. However, in winter, garden culture does not cause much trouble.

Undoubtedly, the Malukha apple tree deserves a place in any garden of a domestic gardener.

General characteristics
Authors
VSTISP
Yield
high, up to 13 kg
Early maturity
early
Columnar
Yes
Wood
Height
up to 2.5 m
Crown
small-sized, compact
Fruit
Appointment
fresh
Coloration
light yellow, integumentary - absent
Fruit shape
round-conical shape, medium one-dimensionality
Fruit weight, g
60-80
Fruit size
small and medium
Skin
thin, dense, smooth, with a waxy coating
Taste
sweet and sour, with a predominance of sweetness, dessert
Pulp
creamy, medium density, fine-grained, juicy
Scent
weak
Keeping quality
until November - January
Growing
Self-fertility
non-self-fertile, pollinators - Currency, Kitayka, Chervonets
Growth type
medium-sized
Frost resistance, ° C
high
Landing distance, m
0,4
Disease and pest resistance
high
Resistance to fungal diseases
high
Maturation
Ripening terms
autumn
Removable maturity
early - late September
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 2 years
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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