Apple tree Calvil snowy

The apple-tree Kalvil snow is widespread on the territory of Ukraine, it is considered a variety of national selection. It is appreciated for the excellent taste of the fruit, good winter hardiness and general unpretentiousness. And also this variety is found under the name Malus Snezhnyy Kalvil and in the Ukrainian spelling.

The trees of this variety are characterized by a drooping, wide-rounded crown shape, strong growth, an average height of up to 5-6 m. Branches are abundantly branched, have a traditional dark brown or slightly brown color. They are heavily pubescent. The leaves are medium-sized, oblong-ovate in shape, but with characteristic elongated tips. Due to pubescence, they appear silvery.

Calvil snow is considered a local Transnistrian variety; it takes root well in most of the CIS countries. The fruits contain 5-9 mg of ascorbic acid for every 100 g of mass. Other advantages include:

• rapid onset of fruiting;

• the possibility of using it in breeding as a donor;

• storage of apples until January;

• attractive appearance;

• rapid growth of shoots and the main trunk;

• the possibility of growing in partial shade and in the sun;

• undemanding to watering.

The disadvantage is the weak retention of the fruit on the branches. Even with a slight delay in the timing of the collection, the number of padan residents is rapidly increasing. Transportability is low, fruits quickly lose their presentation. The weight of the fruit is highly dependent on the number of ovaries.

The apple tree is fast-growing. Fruits reach removable maturity by mid-September; if kept on the branches, shedding can be observed. Apples are eaten in October-November. The variety is classified as a winter variety, begins to bear fruit at 4, sometimes at 3 years.

On the territory of most regions of Ukraine, the variety is grown everywhere due to its good adaptation to different climatic conditions. In Russia, it is grown in the southern regions, in the Black Earth Region and the Volga Region. In Moscow and the Moscow region, it may require shelter in the winter.

The variety is classified as a high-yield subspecies. In the steppe regions, 120 c / ha are harvested, in other areas 250 c / ha.

Apples are medium in size, weighing 120-160 g, round-conical or conical in shape. The skin tone of unripe fruits is light green, without blush. Ripe apples turn creamy yellow, with snow-white dense pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant. The collected fruits are stored until mid-winter.

This apple variety is not too sensitive to the choice of soil: almost any is suitable - from chestnut to sandy loam and loam.It is only important to choose for planting areas with a limited amount of heat throughout the growing season, dry enough, without excess moisture. The optimum acidity of the soil is up to 6.5 pH, the depth of the groundwater should exceed 220 cm. The pit is prepared in advance, up to 85 cm deep and about the same diameter. Leave at least 6 m between trees, in rows of 3 m.

The optimal composition of the soil mixture for Snow Calvil is formed from garden soil, combined with 3-4 buckets of humus, 6 glasses of wood ash, 400 g of superphosphate and potassium sulfate. The resulting soil is filled in a hole, forming a hill of about 10 cm on the surface.As soon as it settles, you can proceed to the next stage.

Planting is carried out in the spring from the end of March. At this time, plants with an open root system are transferred to the ground. Autumn planting is possible only for container rooted shoots. In this case, you need to place them in a permanent place until the end of October.

The main care of the tree consists in regular inspections, removal of damaged and dead branches, and covering the wounds with garden pitch. The soil in the near-trunk circle in the first years after planting the tree must be loosened, preventing stagnation of moisture at the roots. Growing young trees is carried out with a support installed when planting

An essential step in successful cultivation is pruning the apple tree. Since Calville's snow crown is prone to thickening, thinning has to be done from 2 years after planting. If you do not pay attention to this, apples are gradually crushed. Formative pruning is carried out in the spring, before the appearance of swollen buds.

The optimal type of crown for this variety is sparse tiered. It is obtained by selecting 3 skeletal branches at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other at an angle of 60-70 degrees. The main guide is also retained. The rest of the shoots are bent to the ground, tied to pegs and cut into a ring. Skeletal branches are shortened by 1/3 of the length, to the general level, the conductor should protrude 20 cm above them.

Calvil snow does not belong to self-fertile varieties. For successful pollination, it is recommended to plant apple trees of the Mekintosh, Idared or Jonathan varieties nearby.

Additional nutrition for apple trees of the Calvil snow variety is absolutely necessary. The first feeding is done immediately after flowering, adding 1 liter of chicken manure to 15 liters of water. Such a mixture for 1 tree will need 8 buckets. In the fall, after harvesting the fruits, nutrients are delivered to the trunk circle in a different way. Overripe manure or compost in the amount of 5-7 kg / m2 is laid out in the root zone.

To enhance the nutrition of the tree during the period of ovary formation, you can use a liquid manure solution. It is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3, 100 liters of such feeding are poured under 1 apple tree.

Snow Calvil is characterized by increased resistance to fungal diseases, in particular - to scab. In conditions of high humidity, trees can be affected by powdery mildew. Preventive treatment is carried out with urea before flowering and soda ash in solution at its completion. And also for Calvil the snow is dangerous black root cancer, cytosporosis. Among the pests, it is worth paying special attention to the appearance of leaf rollers, apple blossom beetle and green aphids on the site.

The owners of the Kalvil snow apple trees note that the trees bear fruit every year, without missing a piece, and provide consistently good yield indicators. When grown in the Black Sea zone, it is necessary to pay great attention to the fight against fungal diseases. As practice shows, preventive measures are not always enough. And also gardeners mention the excessive juiciness of the fruit. It will not work to use them in cooking, but this variety shows itself excellently in canning.