Iksha columnar apple tree

Iksha columnar apple tree
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Taste: sweet and sour, dessert
  • Scent: thin, saffron
  • Fruit weight, g: up to 180
  • Fruit size: average
  • Yield: medium, up to 5 - 6 kg
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 2 years
  • Ripening terms: summer
  • Removable maturity: late August - early September
  • Keeping quality: more than 2 months
  • Appointment: fresh, making stewed fruit, making jam
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Columnar apple trees are gradually moving out of marginal status, and more and more confidently compete with traditional species. One of the attractive options is the Iksha apple tree. Its cultivation and basic vegetative features are definitely worth describing.

Breeding history of the variety

The summer apple tree Iksha has been known since the 1980s. The culture was developed by the famous Kichina (by crossing Russian and British materials). Over the past time, the main features of the plant have already been well studied. Therefore, the culture can be characterized in detail. The work was carried out in the famous VSTISP, and the result was presented already in 1985.

Description of the variety

The height, like other columnar varieties, reaches a maximum of 1.5-2 m. The crown is medium-sized, but dense. Light green leaves are distinguished by thick petioles. But the branches, on the contrary, cannot boast of special thickness. The root system goes very deep, which, depending on the level of groundwater, can be both a plus and a minus.

Other features:

  • average level of foliage;

  • large green foliage of an oblong shape;

  • unpainted cuttings of leaves;

  • tendency to give too early lateral shoots on annual growths;

  • the harvest is formed on the ringlets.

Features, pros and cons

This culture does not have any expressive negative aspects. But she:

  • tolerates low temperatures very firmly;

  • gives a solid (by the standards of columnar apple trees) harvest;

  • allows you to achieve this harvest already in the early stages of development;

  • staunchly resists the main part of fungal infections that often persecute apple growers;

  • possesses a number of other valuable properties.

Ripening and fruiting

Iksha is a typical summer apple tree. You can remove the fruits from it at the end of August or at the beginning of September. The first fruits will appear in the 2nd year of development. This result is achieved when planting annual seedlings. But real productivity will be achieved in the third season of development.

Yield

In terms of fertility, this culture is at an average level. You can harvest 5-6 kg of fruit per year. However, by the standards of columnar varieties, this is a very good indicator. With sensible agriculture, the collection can be doubled. When growing industrial plantations, it will be from 80 to 100 tons per 1 hectare.

Fruits and their taste

You can also eat Iksha apples fresh. They are also used to make compotes and preserves. The surface is dominated by a yellow color mixed with a red blush. The shape of the fruit is flat-rounded; it can weigh up to 180 g. Characterized by a thin, but very dense peel.

Other important characteristics:

  • sweet and sour "dessert" taste;

  • density and at the same time juiciness of the pulp;

  • pleasant saffron (unobtrusive) smell;

  • keeping quality is approximately guaranteed for 60 days.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties.The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Iksha is a semi-dwarf plant. Therefore, it will not be able to stretch itself to a great height. You need to plant an apple tree strictly in sunny areas. The gap between seedlings should be from 1 to 1.5 m. When selecting seedlings, it is imperative to visually assess the degree of their health.

A good specimen is an annual, with a single central guide. It is also necessary to evaluate the roots so that they are devoid of any hints of decay. Organic fertilizers are placed in the planting pit. Above them should be a soil layer and some sand. When backfilling with a soil layer, the immersion of the root collar should be excluded.

The piercing winds can even be beneficial for Iksha. However, they cause serious damage in winter. High soil acidity is just as unacceptable as for any other tree. In the most difficult cases, it is necessary to solve this problem in advance with the help of lime. Due to the powerful root complex, planting close to any water bodies and wells is unacceptable.

The depth of the hole should be at least 70 cm. Its minimum diameter is 80 cm. The planted apple trees are immediately watered with plenty of water. Preferred planting on a dry, bright day in March-April or September-October. However, in any case, you will have to take into account the actual weather, which can make significant adjustments.

From Iksha, you can make a creeping tree. Usually, two shoots are left, and in the fall, only the most active of this pair is retained. To form the stanza, the apple tree will have to be bent down. This approach is justified in the Far East and in other regions with a harsh climate. For enhanced pollination, varieties are suitable:

  • Vazhak;

  • Jonathan;

  • Chervonets;

  • Gala;

  • Gin;

  • Ostankino;

  • Korobovka;

  • Triumph;

  • Borovinka.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Top dressing

In spring Iksha is poured with urea solution. When exactly 2 weeks have passed, use the mullein solution. After the next 2 weeks, the trunk circle is fed with ash. Most often, such manipulations are enough to grow a healthy fruit-bearing tree. Sometimes in the fall, organic substances are laid in the near-stem section.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The winter hardiness of this crop is fully confirmed. But still, the shelter of the trunk can be very useful. It is stated that the variety can withstand air cooling down to -40 degrees; even Antonovka is not capable of this. And despite this, temperature changes, especially with high humidity, can be very destructive. In the most severe cold and early spring, protection is required.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

Protection from harmful insects and rodents is built traditionally. The likelihood of their attacks from the unusual shape of the trunk does not diminish. Preventive treatments are usually sufficient to fight infections. But all the same, in the spring you will have to inspect the plant; it is worth repeating the same procedure at the end of autumn. Additional checks are carried out if very favorable conditions for pests and parasites are created.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Yield
medium, up to 5 - 6 kg
Early maturity
early
Columnar
Yes
Wood
Height
1.5-2 m
Crown
thick, compact
Leaves
light green with a thick stalk
Branches
thin
Fruit
Appointment
fresh, cooking compotes, making jam
Coloration
yellow with red striped blush
Fruit shape
flat-rounded
Fruit weight, g
up to 180
Fruit size
average
Skin
dense, thin
Taste
sweet and sour, dessert
Pulp
dense, juicy
Scent
thin, saffron
Keeping quality
more than 2 months
Growing
Growth type
semi-dwarf
Frost resistance, ° C
winter hardy
Location
Sun
Landing distance, m
1-1.5 m
Disease and pest resistance
high
Resistance to fungal diseases
high
Maturation
Ripening terms
summer
Removable maturity
late August - early September
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 2 years
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