Columnar Apple Garland

Columnar Apple Garland
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops
  • Taste: sweet and sour
  • Scent: resembles a pear
  • Fruit weight, g: 180-220
  • Yield: 15 kg
  • Ripening terms: autumn
  • Removable maturity: September
  • Keeping quality: until February
  • Appointment: universal
  • Transportability: Yes
View all specifications

Apple-tree Garland is an unusual variety, which in its appearance and yield significantly differs from the varieties of this fruit tree familiar to all. The amazing columnar shape of the apple tree is confidently gaining more and more popularity among gardeners and owners of personal subsidiary plots.

Breeding history of the variety

At the beginning of the 21st century, the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops undertook the creation of a completely new variety of columnar apple trees that would be adapted to the Russian climate. The priority in the work was frost resistance and immunity to scab in the future culture.

Already in 2010, the breeder Knyazev S.D. and his team created a variety that met the assigned tasks. After a series of experiments, this new product confirmed its characteristics, and in 2018 the Garland apple tree was entered in the State Register as a separate variety with its own distinctive characteristics.

Description of the variety

Apple-tree Garland is a mid-season variety that is characterized by increased productivity. The tree reaches 2.5 m in height, while the crown is as compact and not branched as possible. Small branches are placed strictly vertically, the total diameter of the crown does not exceed 35 cm. Leaves of pronounced green color, located on short cuttings. They have a characteristic serration.

Features, pros and cons

The main thing that distinguishes the Garland apple tree from other varieties is its columnar shape. It gives the tree many advantages over other varieties of apple trees.

An obvious plus is compactness. The small diameter allows the maximum number of fruit trees to be planted in a limited area. Hence follows the second advantage - good yield per unit area. Of course, a separate tree of the columnar type does not compare in yield with an ordinary apple tree, but if we consider planting, for example, on one hundred square meters, then the advantage becomes obvious.

The garland does not have a crown as such, so all apples are evenly illuminated by the sun. This significantly improves the taste of the fruit and the care of the tree itself, because it is much more difficult to process a wide crown than a narrow trunk covered with apples.

Also, an advantage can be considered the extraordinary decorativeness of the described variety - the unusual appearance of this apple tree with large fruits will decorate any site.

Of the minuses, a relatively short life span of an apple tree can be noted - no more than 15 years. Upon reaching this age, the yield decreases sharply.

Ripening and fruiting

Apple Garland blossoms in May. The entire trunk is strewn with flowers, which looks very attractive. The flowers are fragrant and attract quite a few insects. This is necessary for the apple tree, since it needs pollination.

The apple tree begins to bear fruit in early autumn; in the southern regions, ripening is possible at the end of August.

Yield

The yield of the Garland variety is assessed as high only among columnar apple trees. With commercial cultivation and a standard planting density (20 thousand apple trees per 1 ha), up to 200 tons of fruits can be harvested per hectare.

When grown in a personal subsidiary farm, gardeners receive an average of 15 kg from one tree.In favorable weather years, 20 kg of apples can be easily removed from the tree.

Fruits and their taste

Apples from Garland are good both for fresh consumption and for making preserves. They are small, up to 220 g in weight, fruits of a light green hue, with a slight blush on the sunny side. Their size does not exceed 8 cm in diameter.

The apples are sweet and sour to taste, with a pronounced aroma, slightly reminiscent of a pear. The pulp is greenish-white, juicy, fine-grained and very delicate in taste. The tasting score of Garlanda fruit is 4.2 points, which is a very good result for columnar apple varieties.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Apple Garland is a self-fertile variety, therefore it needs pollinators and neighbors nearby. The best candidates for this are the varieties Gin, Chervonets, Ostankino.

The Garland can be planted in a permanent place of growth both in spring and autumn. In regions where the climate is rather harsh, it is still better to land in April. It is important to have time to do this before bud break, otherwise there is a great risk of freezing new shoots and losing the apple tree.

In warm regions, it is permissible to plant an apple tree in the winter. It should be borne in mind that first you need to clear the area from foliage and grass, since insect pests and bacteria that cause infectious diseases can hide in them for the winter. If a young apple tree undergoes attacks during the cold season, it is unlikely to grow in the spring.

For planting an apple tree Garland, you should choose sunny, protected from wind and drafts. Almost any soil is suitable, but chernozem and sandy loam soil are most preferable for this variety. It is important that there is no groundwater near the surface of the earth, where the apple tree will be planted. This can cause decay of the root system of the tree and, as a result, its death.

The Garland should be planted according to the 1.5 by 2 m scheme. Such a distance between the trees will allow you to comfortably process the crown and harvest, and also will not allow air to stagnate between the apple trees. Sunlight will hit the crowns throughout the day, which will have a beneficial effect on the palatability of the fruit.

The apple tree of the described variety needs abundant watering throughout the growing season. In dry weather, up to 50 liters of water should be poured under one tree. If the weather is rainy, watering is not required or done in moderation.

The Apple tree does not need pruning as such. It is only important to ensure that the lateral shoots that appear on the trunk are not lignified, and to remove them in a timely manner. If they are even covered with a thin bark, then after cutting these places will overgrow for a long time and become vulnerable to diseases and pests.

If you notice that the fruiting of the apple tree has noticeably decreased, then there may be three reasons for this.

  • Disease or pests. It is necessary to inspect the apple tree and exclude damage to the leaves by insects and infectious diseases.
  • Also, the initially incorrectly selected area can affect the yield. In this case, only a transplant to a sunny place or to a hill without a close occurrence of groundwater will help.
  • And one more unfavorable factor is too poor soil. Over time, any soil is depleted, and only timely application of top dressing and fertilizers can solve this problem.
Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.
An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The garland is a frost-resistant variety (up to -42 ° C), but requires shelter for the winter. For this, its base is wrapped with spruce branches, straw, sawdust, then all this is wrapped in cloth and covered with roofing material on top. Some people practice sheltering the apple tree Garland in a tent-like way - from the base to the top, they wrap the trunk with a film or tarp.

Before wintering, the trunk of the Garland is treated with lime to a height of 1.5 m from the base. This will exclude pest attacks on the fruit tree and keep it intact under cover until spring.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops
Yield
15 Kg
Transportability
Yes
Decorative
Yes
Columnar
Yes
Wood
Height
2.5 meters
Crown
compact, elongated, no horizontal branches, no more than 30-35 cm wide
Fruit
Appointment
universal
Coloration
yellow-green with dark red blush
Fruit shape
elongated
Fruit weight, g
180-220
Taste
sweet and sour
Pulp
greenish-white color, dense and very delicate, juicy
Scent
resembles a pear
Keeping quality
until February
Tasting assessment
4.2 points
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Growth type
medium-sized
Frost resistance, ° C
-42
Landing distance, m
0,5
Resistance to fungal diseases
high
Scab resistance
high
Maturation
Ripening terms
autumn
Removable maturity
September
Reviews
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