Apple tree Jonagold

Apple tree Jonagold
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: American selection, Geneva station
  • Taste: harmonious, sweet and sour with a wine flavor
  • Fruit weight, g: 170-220
  • Fruit size: big
  • Yield: 40-60 kg apples per tree
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 3 years
  • Ripening terms: autumn
  • Removable maturity: end of September
  • Keeping quality: up to 4 - 5 months, in a cellar or refrigerator up to 7 months
  • Duration of the consumer period: From January
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There are fruit trees that do not require any special care, so it is a pleasure to grow them in your own garden. These include the Jonagold apple tree with fruits of remarkable taste. In order for it to bring a decent harvest, you need to know the rules of breeding.

Breeding history of the variety

It is known from the history of the variety that Jonagold is an American selection. The variety was obtained by crossing Golden Delicious and Jonathan.

Description of the variety

The trees of this species grow in height from 3 to 5 meters. The crown is formed broadly oval, during the fruiting period it becomes spherical. The branches are at a steep angle.

This is not a self-fertile variety, suitable for pollination:

  • Gloucester;
  • Champion;
  • Jonathan and other apple trees.

The trees are vigorous, therefore they require mandatory pruning every year.

Features, pros and cons

In the Jonagold variety, gardeners are attracted by the following advantages:

  • good productivity;
  • fruits retain their attractiveness after long transportation;
  • apples can be stored for a long time;
  • amazing taste.

The disadvantages include poor resistance to scab and powdery mildew.

Ripening and fruiting

Fruits ripen in autumn, they can be removed from the tree at the end of September. The tree begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting the seedlings.

Growing regions

Jonagold is grown in Belgium, the Netherlands and Ukraine. Today our Russian gardeners are also trying to master the apple tree.

Yield

If we talk about the yield of the described variety, then it is at the level of 40-60 kg of apples from one tree.

Fruits and their taste

Fruits can be eaten fresh, compotes, preserves and other derived products can be prepared from them. On apples, it is difficult not to notice an orange-red blush, which diverges in stripes along the green-yellow peel of the apple. The fruits are round in shape, their weight can vary from 170 to 220 grams.

Apples of medium thickness have a smooth peel with a glossy sheen. The pulp is juicy and dense. It crunches when bitten.

The fruits can lie in suitable conditions for up to five months, and if put in the refrigerator, then up to seven. The taste can be described as harmonious, sweet with a slight sourness and slightly winey aroma.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

There are many ways to grow an apple tree. While sowing seeds seems like the easiest breeding method, the result is often uncertain as the seeds carry the genetic information of two different varieties. The seeds of the described apple tree must undergo a stratification process, which includes storing them in humid conditions and immersing them in the cold. Only then can a young tree be grown from them.

Other breeding methods are budding and layering, which are widely used commercially. If it is difficult to grow a seedling on your own, then you can buy a one-year-old apple tree from the nursery. The seedling should be 1.0-1.8 m tall and have a good root system.

It is best to plant apple trees in early spring. For best results, soak roots in water 24 hours before planting. To plant a tree, dig a hole 60 cm deep, about twice the width of the root system.

Loosen the soil of the sides and bottom of the hole before spreading out the roots. When the soil covers the rhizome, it is worth tamping it well to remove air pockets.

Mulch the base of young apple trees with straw or wood chips to prevent weed growth and reduce moisture evaporation. If you are planting a tree on a lawn, it is best to remove the sod surrounding the apple tree as it will compete with it for water.

For the first three to five years, grass should not be allowed to grow around the base as it will quickly deplete moisture in the soil and inhibit growth.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Pollination

Jonagold does not bear fruit on its own and needs a pollination partner or another tree in an area planted within 30 m. For best results, plant a second apple tree nearby. It is optimal to plant three varieties on the plot, which can guarantee successful pollination.

Top dressing

Apple trees need fertilization. Nutrients are very important because if one or more is not enough in the soil, the tree will not grow and bear fruit well, it will be more susceptible to disease.

This variety requires a total of 13 nutrients - some more, others less. These nutrients can be divided into two main categories:

  • macronutrients;
  • trace elements.

Essential macronutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S).

Trace minerals include boron (B), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chlorine (Cl), and molybdenum (Mo).

Fertilizer labels help determine the amount of nutrients present in commercial fertilizers. Typically, labeling is done to show the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N: P: K). For example, a fertilizer labeled N: P: K 12: 32: 16 represents 12% nitrogen, 32% P2O5, and 16% K2O.

Such mixtures are introduced in early spring and during the fruiting period, but they do not flirt, since an overabundance is also harmful.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The frost resistance of this variety is average.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care.Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

Among the most common pests affecting apple trees are moth larvae, which invade the fruit, causing worminess. They leave brown, twisting marks under the skin.

Another problem is apple aphid, which feeds on foliage and stems throughout the growing season.

Pesticides can be used but not recommended. Whereas baits and traps are more preferable to purchase to detect and reduce the number of insects. Infestation can be controlled by introducing beneficial insects into the garden, such as ladybugs and lacemakers.

It is also necessary to regularly pick up and destroy the fallen fruit to avoid contamination in the next year.

Voles can gnaw on apple tree trunks all winter when food is scarce. To protect trees during the winter months, remove any vegetation and wrap a cloth around the base.

The variety is susceptible to a variety of diseases.

Apple scab attacks the leaves (causing defoliation in severe cases) and shoots, disfiguring the fruit, while powdery mildew affects the leaves and young shoots and has a very noticeable effect on the yield and quality of the apple tree. In addition, apple ulcer causes damage to branches and stems, and fiery late blight affects flowers, fruits, shoots and branches of apple trees.

All of these diseases are associated with environmental conditions, especially humidity levels. To prevent infestation, it is worth using a fungicide early in the season.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
American selection, Geneva station
Appeared when crossing
Golden Delicious x Jonathan
Name synonyms
Jonagold
Yield
40-60 kg apples from a tree
Transportability
Yes
Early maturity
early
Wood
Height
3-5 m
Crown
broadly oval, spherical during full fruiting
Branches
skeletal at a steep angle
Fruit
Appointment
fresh, cooking compotes, making jam
Coloration
with a pronounced orange-red blush, which diverges in stripes along the green-yellow fruits
Fruit shape
rounded
Fruit weight, g
170-220
Fruit size
big
Skin
medium thickness, shiny and smooth
Taste
harmonious, sweet and sour with a wine flavor
Pulp
crispy, juicy, dense, yellow
Keeping quality
up to 4 - 5 months, in a cellar or refrigerator up to 7 months
Tasting assessment
4.6-4.8 points
Growing
Self-fertility
non-self-fertile, Jonathan, Gloucester, Cox Orange Pepin, Champion, Idared and Elstar
Growth type
vigorous
Growing regions
Belgium, Netherlands, Ukraine
Frost resistance, ° C
average
Scab resistance
average
Maturation
Ripening terms
autumn
Removable maturity
end of September
Duration of the consumer period
From January
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 3 years
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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