Apple tree Arkad Biryukova

Apple tree Arkad Biryukova
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: A.P. Biryukov
  • Taste: sweet and sour, pleasant, spicy
  • Scent: thin apple
  • Fruit weight, g: up to 110
  • Ripening terms: early autumn
  • Keeping quality: till December
  • Appointment: universal
  • Appeared when crossing: Arkad winter Michurina x root-viable seedling No. 21 Biryukova
  • Decorative: No
  • Height: 4 m
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In Russia, the climate is rather harsh in most of its territories, and not all gardeners can see peaches and apricots on their plots. However, apple trees are grown in all regions of the country, even in the Arctic in stanza form. Arkad Biryukova is an excellent universal variety for private plots, whose fruits are consumed fresh, used in processing and stored until the New Year holidays.

Breeding history of the variety

The Arkad variety was bred by Arkady Pavlovich Biryukov, an agronomist-gardener, conducting breeding work at the Ural Fruit and Berry Experimental Station. The apple tree Arkad Biryukova was obtained by crossing the Arkad winter Michurina variety and the root-viable seedling No. 21.

Description of the variety

The apple tree Arkad Biryukova is a vigorous tree that grows up to 4 meters in height with a spreading, spherical, strongly thickened crown. Rounded, medium-thick branches are covered with green foliage with small notches along the edges of the plate. During flowering, the tree is covered with fragrant small white flowers.

Features, pros and cons

Arkad Biryukova is highly popular for its amazing qualities - the apple tree perfectly tolerates low temperatures, which allows it to be cultivated in the northern regions. This is one of the main advantages of the variety. Unfortunately, plus implies the presence of a minus, which is not without this apple tree. Its main disadvantage is its low resistance to attacks by fungi and scab. In a rainy summer, you have to especially carefully monitor the health of the tree. Another disadvantage is the average yield.

Ripening and fruiting

For active fruiting, Arcade will need 6 years after planting. The owners take off a small crop earlier, but the apple tree will come into full force at this age. The variety belongs to the early autumn and begins to bear fruit from the last decade of August until the end of September.

Growing regions

The variety is adapted for all regions of Russia. Of course, we are not talking about the Far North.

Yield

The yield can be called average, if we talk about an industrial scale, and very good for private gardening - up to 70 kilograms of excellent apples are removed from one tree.

Fruits and their taste

The apples are light green. Slightly elongated fruits at the time of physiological ripeness are covered with a thin skin and numerous, barely noticeable dots. The white pulp of medium-weight fruits (up to 110 grams) has a spicy sweet and sour taste and refreshing juiciness. Apples have a rich aroma.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Young plants are planted in areas where subsequently the shadow from their crowns will not interfere with planting.The site for the future garden should be sunny and without a close location of groundwater - the roots of an adult plant go up to two meters deep. It should be borne in mind that the root system is extensive and twice the diameter of the crown.

Seedlings are planted in spring and autumn, placing them at a fairly large distance. Pits 70x80 cm are prepared for planting. The upper soil is removed and mixed with organic matter - manure, humus. A young plant needs support, so a peg is immediately installed in the hole. Watering is carried out all season, twice a month, abundantly moistening the soil.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Top dressing

Immediately after planting and the next year, the seedling does not need additional nutrition, since the substances laid down during planting will be enough for it. Further, mineral fertilizing is carried out in the spring, phosphorus-containing fertilizers are applied during the budding period, and in the fall - organic.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases. And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

Arkad Biryukova perfectly tolerates negative temperatures, possessing frost resistance up to -40 ° C. The variety is not afraid of frost and sudden temperature changes.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

Arkad is distinguished by high vitality, but has low ability to resist fungal diseases, as well as scab. This weakness is explained by the age of the variety, since modern ones have a stronger "health". As a preventive measure, plants must be treated with insecticides and fungicides.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
A.P. Biryukov
Appeared when crossing
Arkad winter Michurina x root-viable seedling No. 21 Biryukova
Decorative
No
Wood
Height
4 m
Crown
sprawling, dense
Branches
rounded, medium thickness
Fruit
Appointment
universal
Coloration
green
Fruit shape
round, slightly elongated
Fruit weight, g
up to 110
Skin
thin
Subcutaneous points
numerous, greenish
Taste
sweet and sour, pleasant, spicy
Pulp
white, delicate, juicy, refreshing
Scent
thin apple
Keeping quality
till December
Growing
Growth type
vigorous
Frost resistance, ° C
good
Disease and pest resistance
medium resistant
Maturation
Ripening terms
early autumn
Reviews
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