Apple tree Arkad

Apple trees are divided into varieties, but the varieties themselves are divided into several subspecies. The Arkad apple tree belongs to these, in this article we will consider the features and types of varieties, yield, taste of fruits, winter hardiness, agronomic aspects.

Apple-tree Arkad belongs to the early-ripening varieties. The tree is tall, up to 4 m in length, the crown is large, rather dense because of the strong and thick branches on which foliage blooms abundantly. Branches are spreading, from the trunk they go up at an angle. The crown is therefore also called widely pyramidal. The shoots are straight and the bark is dark brown.

The leaves are large, rounded, green or dark green in color. Smoothness and gloss prevail on the leaves. At the edges, the leaves are curved inward or, conversely, outward. There is a small notch along the edging.

The flowers bloom abundantly, they are not too large, white in color.

Consider the subspecies of the variety.

1. Arkad Biryukova. The apple tree is named after the breeder who raised it, A.P. Biryukov. The variety was intended to be grown on an industrial scale. But now it is found in gardens. Juicy fruits are considered a feature.

2. Arkad Sugar. The apple tree is an early ripe variety, has a strong trunk, which provides good winter hardiness. Fruiting is annual, without interruption. The variety is named sugar due to the fact that the fruit has practically no sour taste.

3. Arkad Yellow. The apple tree is considered to be very early maturing. Full ripening of the fruits occurs at the end of July - beginning of August. High winter hardiness is noted. Stable and good harvest. The disadvantage of this variety is that after harvesting, the fruits are stored for a short time, therefore the species is not suitable for transportation.

4. Arkad Pink, the most versatile of all types. Used for fresh consumption, canning, making applesauce. Excellent taste is noted.

5. Arkad Volzhsky. Refers to the later ripening of fruits among all species. Apple picking takes place in the first two weeks of September. The shelf life of apples is 1-1.5 months in a dark room at a temperature of no more than +2 degrees.

6. Variety Arkad Tenkovsky. Fast growing variety of apple trees. Large apples with sweet and sour taste. This species has the longest shelf life. After harvest, they can be stored in the cellar until January. The Tenkovsky variety is included in the State Register.

Each variety has its own characteristics, which are reflected in positive and negative aspects. Since this apple tree has several subspecies, we will consider the generalized positive qualities of all types:

• high frost resistance;

• good tolerance to prolonged drought;

• immunity to a number of diseases;

• annual fruiting;

• good shelf life (varieties Arkad Pink, Biryukov, Sakharny, Volzhsky and Tenkovsky);

• early ripening period.

The disadvantages include the fact that not all subspecies are suitable for industrial production on large plantations. The variety has low transportability.Many gardeners note that the Arkad apple tree is prone to powdery mildew.

Arkad apple blossoms in the first half of May. These readings depend on the region of cultivation and the stability of daylight hours. Apples ripen together by the beginning of August. Rates may also vary from region to region.

Fruiting in an apple tree occurs at 5-6 years. In the first year, a bountiful harvest should not be expected. Approximately 3 kg of apples will be born. In the following years, they gradually become more productive.

If we average all the subspecies of the Arkad apple tree, then the average yield will be 70-80 kg of apples. That is, 8-10 buckets in one season.

Arkad's apples are round, medium-sized, weighing 80-120 g. Much depends on how well the apple tree was fed and what the region was. They can be varied in shape, there are round, flattened at the bottom and top, spherical and slightly oval-elongated.

The color of apples varies from subspecies - it can be as bright green, pale yellow or light pink. The skin is firm, uniform and smooth. There is a gloss, the peel is thin in structure and does not have a waxy coating even when fully ripe.

The pulp is juicy, loose and crunchy. Small seeds are present. The taste is sweet, aromatic apples.

The Arkad apple tree must be planted in sunny areas on the south side. The place should be open, but not too strong winds.

It is worth noting that the presence of groundwater adversely affects the root system, since the roots will develop, deliberately immersed in water, oversaturated, and eventually begin to rot. The seedling is planted on a hill, or a drainage system is being thought out. Only drainage can be left if the groundwater is at a distance of 2.5-3 m from the ground level.

The soil should be good air permeable and should be sandy, loamy and loose in composition. If the soil is not loose in consistency, then from time to time you will have to manually loosen the soil around the tree.

Be sure to follow the watering regime. It is produced as soon as the first layer of earth is sufficiently dry. You can mulch the area around the trunk. This will help the moisture saturate the soil for longer.

It is worth cutting off excess branches in a timely manner, and forming a crown. Since the crown is thickened, it is best to start forming it from the very first years of planting a seedling. You can prune branches in the spring until the buds swell. All cuts are made with a sharp pruner, and the resulting cuts must be processed with garden varnish.

The apple tree trunk can be whitened to keep the bark free from pests as well as sunburn. Sunburn is very dangerous for the apple tree, as the bark will begin to flake off and open up access for pests.

Apple tree Arkad has sterile flowers. Ovaries still occur, as gardeners note, but the fruits are small. Therefore, an apple tree is planted nearby with the same ripening period of inflorescences for pollination. The distance between them should be 2.5-3 m so that the growing branches do not interfere with each other.

Top dressing takes place in several stages. In early spring, after the snow melts, it is best to fertilize the apple tree with minerals containing nitrogen. During the beginning of flowering and fruit formation, it is worth fertilizing the soil with superphosphate.

In the fall, the soil can be fertilized with organic minerals, as well as potassium nitrate. And also other chemicals that are specially designed for autumn feeding.

The apple tree has good winter hardiness, so there is no need to additionally cover it. The tree trunk is covered with agrofibre in order to avoid the invasion of rodent pests. You can use a fine metal mesh, and cover everything on top with spruce branches.

It is worth remembering that before severe frosts, the soil around the trunk is poured abundantly for the last time in the season.