Columnar apple tree Arbat

Columnar apple tree Arbat
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Russian selection
  • Taste: sweet and sour
  • Scent: there is
  • Fruit weight, g: 70-80
  • Fruit size: small and medium
  • Yield: high, more than 1000 kg from 100 m2
  • The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 2 years
  • Ripening terms: late summer
  • Removable maturity: September
  • Keeping quality: till December
View all specifications

Having your own apples in the garden is always tasty and healthy. If you want to try to grow a small tree, you should take a closer look at the Arbat variety.

Description of the variety

This variety is of Russian selection. The height of the trees is from 1.5 to 3 meters. This is a semi-dwarf or dwarf early-growing apple tree. It can be grown as an ornamental columnar tree.

The peculiarity of this species is the absence of the usual crown. Apples ripen at the ends of the shoots, so the collection of fruits is easy.

The trunk practically does not branch, there is a lot of foliage. It is imperative to carry out normalization.

Features, pros and cons

The Arbat variety has many advantages, thanks to which it has become so in demand among modern gardeners. Among them:

  • small size;
  • for the growth and development of an apple tree, only 0.5 meters of free space is required;
  • fruiting is observed every year;
  • the apple tree has high immunity;
  • good frost resistance.

It is impossible not to say about the shortcomings of this tree:

  • ripe apples cannot be stored for a long time;
  • fruits may shrink over time;
  • the tree will live on the site for only 14-17 years.

Ripening and fruiting

If we talk about the timing of ripening, then Arbat belongs to the late summer varieties. Removable ripeness of the fruit begins in September. You can pick apples in the second year after planting seedlings.

Growing regions

Since this variety was bred on the territory of our country, it is perfectly adapted to weather conditions. Grown in most regions, including the south and temperate climates.

Yield

The apple tree Arbat demonstrates a high yield. From 100 sq. m, with proper care, you can collect up to 1000 kg in a good year.

Fruits and their taste

The fruits of the described variety can be transported over long distances. Marketability is at a high level.

Arbat apples have a universal purpose. Their color is from yellow to red. The fruits are characterized by a rounded shape, weight - from 70 to 80 grams. The skin is glossy, the pulp is juicy inside. Fruits have aroma, can lie in storage until December. The taste is estimated by experts as sweet and sour.

To obtain a bountiful harvest of fragrant apples, the garden must be periodically renewed by planting seedlings of productive and new varieties. The choice of an apple seedling must be approached with all responsibility, because low-quality planting material at best will not take root, and at worst it will die in the prime of years after numerous investments in its health and normal formation.

Growing features

Arbat grows on any soil - the main thing is that it is well-drained.

Before planting the seedling, the roots should be soaked in water for at least a couple of hours. To increase the survival rate, there is such a technique: you need to take soil, mullein, dilute them with water to the consistency of thick sour cream, add a root formation stimulator and, dipping the plant roots into this mixture, immediately plant seedlings in the garden. Instead of earth, you can take clay - it has a better binding ability.

It is best to plant a seedling late in the evening, when there are no more scorching rays of the sun, or in the early morning. And if the weather is warm, sunny, then first it is better to shade the place.

Young trees need regular watering, especially in the first year of life, in weeding along the perimeter of the root system, since weeds deplete the soil, taking away the nutrients the tree needs. Due to the fact that the root system of this crop lies very close to the soil surface, loosening must be carried out carefully so as not to damage it. To make the grass grow less, the soil can be mulched with peat.

It is believed that it is best to plant Arbat seedlings in the fall, so that the root system will adapt well in a new place. Since planting is carried out in autumn, it is very important to compact the soil well in the area of ​​the root system so that voids do not form there (otherwise the seedling will freeze in winter), and be sure to water it with water so that the soil settles more evenly. Spring planting is possible from mid-April to about mid-June.

Arbat can bloom already in the year of planting, but the flowers must be cut off so that the tree gains strength and forms a strong root system. He should not be allowed to tie in the second year, but you can leave several ovaries. Then in the third season you will get a good harvest.

For better maturation of the crown of the main shoot, it is necessary to shorten the four upper leaves by 2/3 in mid-August.

As usual, in the second half of summer, nitrogen fertilizers are not applied, so as not to provoke the growth of shoots that will not have time to ripen before winter. And most importantly, the top will not have time to ripen, and in winter it will freeze. When the growth of the main stem stops, then in the spring 2-3 replacement increments will begin to form, but they will no longer grow vertically, but sideways. You need to choose the strongest and most vertically oriented (this must be done no later than the end of spring), and remove the rest.

Planting apple trees is a very important, troublesome and responsible business. Its survival and full-fledged fruiting depends on the correct procedure. Before planting, you need to choose the right planting material, determine the location and prepare the soil.
A successful grafting helps to solve a whole range of problems, first of all: to get the varieties of interest and save space on the site. The vaccination technique itself is not so difficult and even a novice summer resident can master it. Vaccinations can be done during the entire growing season.
Along with top dressing and pruning necessary for apple trees, watering is also a significant contribution to the correct development of the culture, and therefore to a high yield. Improper watering, carried out inopportunely, without enough water, can bring big trouble to the fruit tree.

Top dressing

Special attention is required when planting Arbat in clay soil. In such soil, the planting hole should be made wider than usual, due to the fact that the root system of fruit trees in clay soil no longer grows in depth, but in width. A peg is driven into the center of the pit and fertile soil is poured.

Inexperienced gardeners are always warned not to use fresh manure when planting seedlings, it can burn the roots. But if you approach the matter wisely, then you can add fresh manure, only lay it on the very bottom with a layer about 20 cm thick, and fill it with fertile soil on top. The most important thing is that at this stage the roots do not touch the feeding. The next year, the manure will rot, and the roots will take nutrients from it.

An important point in caring for an apple tree in the open field is feeding and fertilizing. Top dressing of apple trees begins in early spring and ends in late autumn. Lack of nutrition leads not only to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the crop, but also reduces the immunity of the tree, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases.And with the autumn procedure, the tree will be able to lay more fruit buds, which will have a positive effect on the future harvest.

Frost resistance

The frost resistance of the variety is average, therefore, in especially cold climates, it is better to cover the tree for the winter.

Despite the fact that apple trees are considered quite unpretentious plants, they still need proper autumn care. Timely preparation of trees for winter makes them more resistant to winter frosts, as well as increase future yields.

Diseases and pests

Despite the fact that Arbat has a high resistance to pests and diseases, it is better to carry out preventive treatment with a fungicide or insecticide. This should be done in early spring.

The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.

Fruiting of aging trees, as well as the quality of the harvest, decreases. Therefore, if the tree is aging and there is a need to replace it, you need to think about how to propagate the apple tree so as not to lose the variety. For reproduction of an apple tree, several methods are used: by seeds, layering, eyes and cloning (budding).
General characteristics
Authors
Russian selection
Yield
high, more than 1000 kg from 100 m2
Transportability
Yes
Early maturity
early
Marketability
high
Decorative
Yes
Columnar
Yes
Wood
Height
1.5-3 m
Fruit
Appointment
universal
Coloration
from yellow to red
Fruit shape
rounded
Fruit weight, g
70-80
Fruit size
small and medium
Skin
glossy
Taste
sweet and sour
Pulp
juicy
Scent
there is
Keeping quality
till December
Growing
Growth type
semi-dwarf, dwarf
Frost resistance, ° C
average
The soil
any
Disease and pest resistance
high
Maturation
Ripening terms
late summer
Removable maturity
September
The beginning of fruiting varieties
for 2 years
Reviews
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