Cherry Shpanka Bryansk

Cherry Shpanka Bryansk
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: A.I. Astakhov, M.V. Kanshina (V.R. Williams All-Russian Research Institute of Feed)
  • Year of approval: 2009
  • Barrel type: wood
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Crown: rounded-oval, raised, of medium density
  • Escapes: medium, straight, gray-olive, naked, vertical
  • Leaves: medium, oval, green, sharply pointed, curved upwards
  • Fruit size: average
  • Fruit shape: flat-round
  • Fruit color: light red
View all specifications

Despite the emergence of new varieties of fruit trees, old varieties of cherries are still in demand among amateur gardeners and professionals. Spanka is a time-tested cherry variety, distinguished by both early fruiting and excellent productivity, as well as having many varieties. So, Shpanka Bryanskaya is a relatively new offshoot of it.

Breeding history

Spanka is considered a folk variety, because there is no exact data on who its author was when it arose. Presumably, the culture appeared at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. (but there is evidence that about 2 centuries ago) through natural cross-pollination of cherries and cherries. There is no data from which varieties the hybrid was obtained, but there is a hypothesis that the selection occurred as a result of a natural mutation.

Initially, the culture appeared in the vastness of Ukraine, but later quickly began to spread to neighboring territories: Moldova and the southern outskirts of Russia. Today, a name such as Shpanka includes many varieties that have spread in different regions and countries. The variety has been successfully zoned for the Moscow region and the Volga region. Some varieties of Shpanki grow well even in Siberia and the Urals.

Breeding work continues to improve the characteristics of the folk hybrid, as a result of which such separate varieties of Shpanki as Dwarf, Rannyaya, Shimskaya, Large-fruited, Donetsk, Bryansk were obtained.

Shpanka Bryanskaya is the youngest variety. It appeared thanks to the efforts of domestic breeders A.I. Astakhov, M.V. Kanshina. The work was carried out on the basis of the V.R. Williams All-Russian Research Institute of Feed. The admission application was submitted in 2006. And already in 2009, the variety was included in the lists of the State Register for the Russian Federation and zoned for the Central Region.

Description of the variety

The medium-sized tree of Shpanki Bryanskaya is 4 m high. The crown is compact, not very dense, rounded-oval. The color of the shoots is gray-olive, they grow vertically, there is no pubescence. Leaves are oval in shape, their color is green. The leaf blades are curved upward, sharply pointed, with double serrate edges. The lifespan of a tree of this variety is a quarter of a century.

Fruit characteristics

The fruits of Shpanki Bryanskaya are small, only 4 g. The shape is flat-round. The berries are colored with a light shade of red, the pulp is creamy, the juice is transparent pink. Cherries are attached to thickened stalks. Medium-sized bone from the pulp leaves easily.

Taste qualities

Berries Shpanki Bryanskaya sweet and sour, tasting score 3.7 points. The fruits, although considered universal, are best suited for canning. Fruit composition:

  • dry matter - 12.9%;
  • sugar - 8.7%;
  • acids - 1.1%;
  • vitamin C - 13.1 mg /%.

Ripening and fruiting

The fruits of the described cherry variety ripen early. She begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years.

When growing cherries on your site, you need to know some of the features of fruiting. After planting, the cherry tree usually does not bear fruit for the first few years. Under favorable conditions, this crop can bear fruit in 2 or 3 years. However, you often have to wait 4-5 years.

Yield

The productivity of the crop is on average 73 centners per hectare. And 1 tree can bring about 30 kg of cherries.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

Shpanka Bryanskaya does not require cross-pollination with other trees, as it is self-fertile. Even a single growing tree will bear fruit. However, when the crop is grown in the company of different cherry trees, the harvest is more abundant.

Landing

In warm climates, cherry planting can be carried out in the fall, about 1 month before the first frost. As a rule, this is the end of September or the beginning of October. In the Central region and to the north, where the climate is colder, it is better to plant a tree in spring, so it will have time to get stronger and take root before the winter period.

For guaranteed survival of a cherry seedling in a summer cottage, all basic requirements should be strictly observed during planting. It is necessary to correctly determine the timing of planting, correctly choose a seedling, prepare a planting pit.
Cherry grafting is an agricultural technique, during which one plant fragment is transferred to another to obtain a new crop with its own characteristics and properties. During the procedure, the aerial part of one tree is spliced ​​with a fragment of another culture. This will increase the yield of the cherry tree as well as increase its resistance to diseases and pests.

Growing and care

The agricultural technology of the described culture is quite simple, as for all cherries. It contains activities such as feeding, crown formation, prevention and control of ailments and insect pests. The main thing is that in especially frosty winters the soil under the trunk is covered with snow. If there is no snow, you will need to cover the soil around the trunk with 10-centimeter mulch, which can be used as sawdust, dead leaves, and more. It is important for the plant that the root system does not freeze.

One of the keys to a good cherry harvest is proper care, a mandatory step of which is pruning. Pruning is one of the simplest procedures, and it doesn't require a lot of tools and time. After the procedure, the cherry tree redistributes a significant part of its vitality to the formation of a crop, which becomes better and more stable.
For abundant fruiting and successful growth, the cherry tree must be fed. Cherry makes rather high demands on the quality of feeding. For it, you can use both organic and mineral mixtures. At each stage of the growing season of a fruit tree, it needs different trace elements.

Disease and pest resistance

Shpanka Bryanskaya is resistant to all fungal diseases. May be affected by coccomycosis.

Cherries are found in almost every garden plot. And if every year she pleases with a bountiful harvest of large and sweet berries, then the question arises about the reproduction of such an effective variety. Cherries can be propagated by cuttings, seeds, layering, grafting, shoots. Each of the methods has its own characteristics.
Main characteristics
Authors
A.I. Astakhov, M.V. Kanshina (V.R. Williams All-Russian Research Institute of Feed)
Year of approval
2009
View
common
Appointment
universal
Average yield
73 c / ha
Transportability
low
Wood
Barrel type
wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Height, m
4
Crown
rounded-oval, raised, of medium density
Escapes
medium, straight, gray-olive, naked, vertical
Leaves
medium, oval, green, sharply pointed, curved upwards
Durability of wood
20-25 years old
Fruit
Fruit size
average
Fruit weight, g
4
Fruit shape
flat-round
Fruit color
light red
Skin
tender, naked
Pulp color
creamy
Pulp (consistency)
tender, juicy
Taste
sweet and sour
Juice color
pink
Bone size
average
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Fruit composition
dry matter - 12.9%, sugar - 8.7%, acid - 1.1%, vitamin C - 13.1 mg /%
Fresh fruit tasting
3.7 points
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Winter hardiness
good
The soil
fertile, drained, sandy loam, with neutral acidity
Location
with natural light all day long, calm
Growing regions
Central
Resistance to fungal diseases
good
Coccomycosis resistance
low
Maturation
Early maturity
for 3-4 years
Ripening period
early
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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