Cherry Morozovka

Cherry Morozovka, which appeared at the end of the twentieth century, is considered one of the best cherries in a series of cherries bred by domestic scientists. The fruit, remarkable in its taste properties, strong potential of resistance to unstable growing conditions and diseases, made it suitable for farms and private garden lands.

The culture appeared as a result of research work carried out by a group of specialists under the leadership of T.V. Morozova, who worked at the Institute of Horticulture. Michurin. A Vladimirskaya cherry seedling treated with a special chemical mutagen was used as a "parent". In 1988, the culture was sent to the State Variety Testing. The purpose of the fruit is universal. The level of berry transport is good.

It is recommended for cultivation in the North-West, Central, Lower Volga, Middle Volga, North Caucasian and Central Black Earth regions.

The trees of the culture are medium-sized (up to 2.5 m), with upright strong branches forming wide-round and not very dense crowns. On the boles of mature shoots, the bark is light brown, and the younger branches are gray-green. An average number of lentils is formed on the shoots. Leaves of medium size, narrow oval configuration, with double-crested serration, smooth relief, shiny greenish color, not pubescent. Petioles are elongated, anthocyanin tones. The flowers are enlarged, white, rounded, horn-shaped.

Peculiarities of culture propagation are budding and by means of green cuttings.

The pluses of culture include:

• a high degree of resistance to coccomycosis, even during periods of mass damage to cherries of other varieties;

• stable yield level;

• high degree of drought resistance;

• excellent taste properties of fruits;

• excellent qualities of winter hardiness;

• compactness of trees;

• opportunities for its cultivation as a columnar culture;

• due to the average flowering time, harvests can be obtained even in the northern regions;

• availability of opportunities for mechanized harvesting of fruits;

• stability of crops even in conditions of climatic instability;

• good separation of seeds from pulp.

Minuses:

• self-fruitlessness of culture;

• in the northern regions of the chernozem zones, the buds can freeze under severe winter;

• the fruits are not very firmly attached to the stalks, that is, they can fall off under the influence of strong winds.

The fruits are large (4.8-5.1 g), by color they are referred to as griots (dark red), with a similar color to both pulp and juice. The shape of the berries is round, with a rounded apex and a small fossa at the base of the fruit. The abdominal suture is almost invisible, there are no integumentary points. The consistency of the pulp is compacted, with an abundance of juice. The oval-shaped bones are medium in size, they are freely separated from the pulp. A significant part of the berries is formed on bouquet branches, much less - on annual increments.

By chemical composition, the fruits include: sugars - 10.5%, acids - 1.37%, ascorbic acid - 30 mg / 100 g.

On the palate, the berry is sweet, sweet, with an average level of acidity, with abundant juice production. Most often it is used fresh, processing only the rest of the crop.

The level of early maturity is good - the fruit can be picked up for 3-4 years of tree growth. The ripening period of fruits is at an average level - the time of fruiting begins in the second decade of July, which allows in many regions of cultivation to avoid late cold snaps, waiting for the mass appearance of bees and other pollinating insects.

The average level of crop yield is 50-60 c / ha. Mechanized picking of berries is possible (vibration method).

The culture is self-fertile. Of the pollinating varieties, we single out the use of Griot Michurinsky, Lebedyanskaya and Zhukovskaya.

By the peculiarities of planting rules, the culture does not differ from other varieties. The competent choice of the planting site, neighboring plants and the presence of a significant amount of organic matter in the soil remains relevant.

In autumn, we recommend planting it in southern latitudes. In other places - in early spring, before the buds open. We prepare planting recesses in the fall.

It is logical to place the trees near the southern side of the fence or building. The gentle slopes are a good place to disembark. The distance from the fence or building should be at least 3 m. Groundwater should not be located closer than 2 m from the edge of the ground.

The most preferred soils are chernozems and light loams. Acidic soils must be deoxidized with lime or dolomite flour, dense soils are diluted with sand.

Pollinating crops and other plants should not shade cherry seedlings. We do not recommend planting bushes with creeping, rapidly growing roots (sea buckthorn, raspberries and blackberries) near cherries. Black currant bushes will also become unwanted neighbors. Nuts, oaks, birches, lindens and maples oppress cherry trees.

After the rooting of the culture and the onset of the fruiting period, we recommend planting ground cover plants near the trees, which will cover the roots from the heat of the sun and will retain moisture.

One-year seedlings about 80 cm in height and 2-year-old trees up to 1.1 m with well-developed roots root in the best way.

It is important to remember that the greenish shades of the boles indicate that the wood is not quite ripe, and the height of 1.5 m indicates the presence of excessive fertilizing.

Before planting, the seedlings are soaked for 3 hours in water. Trees with open roots are kept in water for about a day, adding "Heteroauxin" there. Landing grooves are prepared 60-80 cm in diameter and 40 cm in depth. During planting, we maintain a distance from the neck to the soil surface of about 5-7 cm. The top layer of soil should contain up to 1 bucket of humus and about 50 g of both superphosphate and potassium salts. Post-plant irrigation - 20-30 liters of water for each seedling.

In the first growing season, the seedlings are irrigated as the soil dries up, systematically loosening it and pulling out the weeds. Further, during their rooting, the soils are moistened in the absence of precipitation, and in the fall - in the process of moisture-charging procedures.

The desired frequency of irrigation is no more than twice every 30 days, even in hot and dry weather there should be about 2-3 buckets under the root.

We finish irrigation 14-21 days before harvesting the fruits, otherwise the berries will begin to crack.

The culture is responsive to manure additives. Mineral additives are carried out taking into account the fact that there should be a lot of nitrogenous and potassium inputs, and much less phosphorus ones.

Sanitary and formative trims are required. Column-shaped cherries require special attention in this sense.

The culture has such a significant immune potential against the disease of coccomycosis that it is extremely rare to become infected with it, even during epiphytoties. For preventive purposes, trees are treated with copper-containing compounds, and after the leaves have fallen, with iron sulfate. Pests are repelled with insecticides.

The high level of winter hardiness allows the cultivation of crops in areas with moderate and cool climatic conditions. Its flower buds sometimes freeze only in the northern latitudes of the Chernozem region. Wood, on the other hand, perfectly keeps even more severe frosts.