Cherry Lighthouse

Cherry Lighthouse
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: N.I. Gvozdyukova, S.V. Zhukov (Sverdlovsk Horticultural Selection Station)
  • Year of approval: 1974
  • Barrel type: wood
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Crown: wide, spreading
  • Foliage: medium
  • Leaves: elongated obovate, green, no anthocyanin coloration
  • Flowers: large, white
  • Flowering and fruiting type: on bouquet branches and annual growth
  • Fruit size: large
View all specifications

Growing a fruit tree that will yield an excellent harvest in harsh climatic conditions is not easy, since you need to choose a variety that is adapted to the cold and other weather conditions. These include the large-fruited cherry Mayak of domestic selection.

Breeding history

The cherry variety Mayak appeared in 1974 thanks to the works of scientists from the Sverdlovsk Horticultural Selection Station. The authors of the culture are S.V. Zhukov and N.I. Gvozdyukova. The variety was bred by free pollination of Michurin varieties. The recommended growing area is the Middle Volga region.

Description of the variety

The lighthouse is a medium-sized tree that looks like a bush. In favorable conditions, the cherry grows to a height of 180-200 cm. The fruit crop is characterized by a wide-round crown shape, good spreading of branches of a grayish-brown color, moderate thickening of green leaves, small, sharply elongated buds growing at an acute angle, and a developed root system. Ovaries are formed on annual growths and bouquet twigs.

Three flowers are collected in the inflorescences. During the flowering period, which occurs in late May - early June, the crown of the bushy tree is densely covered with large snow-white flowers that smell nice. The life cycle of a fruit crop is 25-30 years.

Fruit characteristics

Cherry Mayak is a large-fruited variety. On an adult tree, the berries gain an average of 4.5 grams. The shape of the fruit is correct - rounded with a noticeable flattening near the seam. Ripe berries are evenly covered with a dark red color with a smooth and glossy surface. The peel of cherries is thin, not tough, elastic. The abdominal suture is weak.

Berries have a universal purpose - they are eaten fresh, used in cooking (baked goods, compotes), processed into preserves, jams, juices, frozen, preserved whole. It is also worth noting that the harvested crop requires immediate processing and use, since the detachment of the stalk is difficult - it damages the integrity of the berries, provoking sap flow. Fruit transportability is weak, as well as shelf life.

Taste qualities

Lighthouse is a delicious cherry. The red flesh has a tender, medium-dense fleshy structure with high juiciness. The juice of the berries is thick and rich. The taste is balanced - sweet and sour, without sweetness and astringency. A small bone (weight 0.25 g) separates well from the pulp. Cherry pulp contains more than 7% sugars and beneficial acids.

Ripening and fruiting

Cherries are medium-ripening varieties. The first fruits can be expected in the 4th year after planting. The berries do not ripen at the same time, so the ripening period is somewhat delayed - up to two weeks. The peak of mass fruiting occurs in late July - early August. Overripe cherries do not crumble, but they can crack.

When growing cherries on your site, you need to know some of the features of fruiting. After planting, the cherry tree usually does not bear fruit for the first few years.Under favorable conditions, this crop can bear fruit in 2 or 3 years. However, you often have to wait 4-5 years.

Yield

The yield indicators for the tree are average. An adult tree, with proper care and favorable conditions, can yield from 5 to 15 kg of ripe berries. In the southern regions, the tree is more productive - it gives up to 25 kg of cherries.

Growing regions

Cherry growing geography has expanded significantly over the past decade. The tree is massively grown in central Russia, as well as in Belarus, the Baltic States and Ukraine.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

This variety is partially self-fertile (from 7 to 20%), so you should think about planting donor trees with similar flowering times. The following varieties are considered the best pollinating trees: Generous, Polevka, Toiler of Tataria, Shakirovskaya and Nizhnekamskaya.

Landing

You can plant a cherry tree in spring and autumn, but spring planting is considered more favorable. For cultivation, a one-two-year-old seedling with a healthy root system and a height of no more than 80-110 cm is recommended. The distance between plantings should be 250-300 cm so that no shade of crowns is formed.

For guaranteed survival of a cherry seedling in a summer cottage, all basic requirements should be strictly observed during planting. It is necessary to correctly determine the timing of planting, correctly choose a seedling, prepare a planting pit.
Cherry grafting is an agricultural technique, during which one plant fragment is transferred to another to obtain a new crop with its own characteristics and properties. During the procedure, the aerial part of one tree is spliced ​​with a fragment of another culture. This will increase the yield of the cherry tree as well as increase its resistance to diseases and pests.

Growing and care

To grow a tree, you should choose an even and weed-free area, preferably on a small hill. The best place for a tree will be the southwestern part of the site, where there is a lot of sun, and there is also protection from drafts.

Cherry agricultural technology consists of regular watering, loosening and mulching the soil, applying fertilizers (humus, ash, nitrogen, potassium), forming a crown, pruning branches - sanitary and rejuvenating, preventing viruses and preparing for winter.

One of the keys to a good cherry harvest is proper care, a mandatory step of which is pruning. Pruning is one of the simplest procedures, and it doesn't require a lot of tools and time. After the procedure, the cherry tree redistributes a significant part of its vitality to the formation of a crop, which becomes better and more stable.
For abundant fruiting and successful growth, the cherry tree must be fed. Cherry makes rather high demands on the quality of feeding. For it, you can use both organic and mineral mixtures. At each stage of the growing season of a fruit tree, it needs different microelements.

Disease and pest resistance

The immunity of this species is not very high. The tree can be subject to various diseases that affect fruit and berry crops - coccomycosis and fruit rot. Among pests, aphids and a slimy sawfly are considered the most dangerous.

Requirements for soil and climatic conditions

Cherry Mayak is characterized by excellent drought resistance and average frost resistance, which allows the tree to withstand temperatures as low as -25 ... 35 degrees. The tree loves light, moderate moisture, space and warmth.

A cherry tree grows comfortably on light loams, endowed with air permeability, fertility, and sufficient moisture. It is important that the soils are with low acidity and deep groundwater.

Cherries are found in almost every garden plot. And if every year she pleases with a bountiful harvest of large and sweet berries, then the question arises about the reproduction of such an effective variety. Cherry can be propagated by cuttings, seeds, layering, grafting, shoots. Each of the methods has its own characteristics.
Main characteristics
Authors
N.I. Gvozdyukova, S.V. Zhukov (Sverdlovsk Horticultural Selection Station)
Year of approval
1974
View
common
Appointment
universal
Yield
moderate
Wood
Barrel type
wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Height, m
1,8-2
Crown
wide-rounded, spreading
Foliage
average
Leaves
elongated obovate, green, no anthocyanin coloration
Flowers
large, white
Number of flowers per inflorescence
3
Flowering and fruiting type
on bouquet branches and annual growth
Durability of wood
more than 30 years
Fruit
Fruit size
large
Fruit size, mm
17x18x7
Fruit weight, g
4,5
Fruit shape
rounded, compressed from the side of the seam
Fruit color
dark red
Pulp color
Red
Pulp (consistency)
medium density, juicy
Taste
sweet and sour
Juice color
Red
Bone weight, g
0,25
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Detachment of fruits
with partial separation of pulp and juice
Fruit composition
sugars - 7.4%, acids - 1.7%, ascorbic acid - 2.0 mg / 100 g, vitamin P - 101.5 mg / 100 g
Appearance
attractive
Assessment of the appearance of fresh berries
5 points
Fresh fruit tasting
4.5 points
Growing
Self-fertility
partially self-fertile
Fruiting type
on bouquet branches and annual growth
Winter hardiness
satisfactory
Pruning
timely anti-aging
Growing regions
Middle Volga region
Resistant to fruit cracking
inclined
Coccomycosis resistance
amazed
Crumbling
No
Resistant to gray fruit rot
amazed
Maturation
Early maturity
for 4 years
Flowering period
May 25 - June 3
Ripening period
average
Fruiting period
July 25 - August 5
Ripening nature
not simultaneous
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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