Duke Superb Venyaminova

Duke Superb Venyaminova
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: A.N. Venyaminov, A.F. Kolesnikova (All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture named after I.V. Michurin and All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops)
  • Barrel type: wood
  • Growth type: vigorous
  • Crown: reverse pyramidal, raised, medium density
  • Escapes: medium, straight, olive brown
  • Leaves: ovoid, dark green
  • Flowers: bell-shaped, white
  • Flowering and fruiting type: bears fruit on last year's growths and bouquet twigs
  • Fruit size: large
  • Fruit size, mm: height 22-23 mm, width 29 mm, thickness 30 mm
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Duke Excellent Venyaminova is a variety bred by the Michurin All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture and Selection of Fruit Crops back in Soviet times. It got its name from the name of one of the scientists involved in the selection of seedlings, A.F. Kolesnikov, the second author of the miracle tree, is not mentioned. The source was the famous German variety of yellow cherries Drogana. Duke is the name of a cherry and cherry hybrid, in which cherry characteristics are somewhat prevalent. The second epithet is not one iota exaggerated - the variety is really great.

Description of the variety

A tree that gives a bountiful harvest already 4 years from the moment of planting demonstrates its advantages starting from 2 years old - some of the berries have to be removed so as not to weaken it during the growth process. The raised branches do not differ in strong branching, which makes it easier to grow in small areas near pollinators (the variety is self-fertile), for example, Griot Ostgeimsky or Vladimirskaya, other varieties of cherries and cherries. The epithet Excellent in the name is rightfully present. High yield, unpretentious care, taste and versatility.

Fruit characteristics

Duke berries can be of different sizes, with weights ranging from 5.5 to 7 g, and this is not surprising, because they are found in abundance on the branches and on last year's shoots. On petioles about 2 cm long, each inflorescence has 4 large flowers, almost always crowned with a fruit.

Taste qualities

The variety is versatile for use. It is suitable for eating, cooking jam and jam, baking. This is due to several nice features:

  • the percentage of sugars is more than 13;

  • low acid content (0.9%);

  • a small bone (only 6% of the total mass of the berry);

  • dessert taste that is rated in superlatives compared to any other duke;

  • easy separability of the stone and stalk.

The beautiful red color inside turns into a pink pulp of medium density, melting in the mouth, filled with sweet juice. Most gardeners prefer to enjoy fresh fruits, and use berries for winter harvesting that do not have such a content of fruit sugars and valuable components.

Ripening and fruiting

The variety in different sources is called either early or middle, it all depends on the region in which the duke Excellent Venyaminova is grown. Beginning at the age of 4, fruiting becomes abundant and full. Flowering begins in mid-May, ripening by the first decade of July. This allows the tree to be grown in regions with cold April and return frosts. The tree is frost-resistant in winter, but the flower buds are not so cold-resistant, and this can reduce the likelihood of a harvest if May is unfavorable.

When growing cherries on your site, you need to know some of the features of fruiting.After planting, the cherry tree usually does not bear fruit for the first few years. Under favorable conditions, this crop can bear fruit in 2 or 3 years. However, you often have to wait 4-5 years.

Yield

The average figure given in the statistics is more than a hundred centners per hectare. By creating optimal conditions for the garden, more than 17 tons per hectare can be harvested. This, together with its excellent taste and the ability to tolerate transportation without damage, makes the variety an excellent choice for commercial cultivation.

However, the statement that a tree is only suitable for large plots and horticultural farms with significant areas is not true - even one Excellent Venyaminova can meet the needs of a large family.

Landing

Experienced gardeners know several ways to propagate trees, but experts recommend purchasing one-year-old seedlings of the described culture in nurseries with a proven track record, choosing healthy trees, with a developed root system, with branches shortened by a third. The location is in a southerly direction where there is little shade during the day. Other varieties of cherries and cherries should grow nearby, this is a necessary condition for pollination and harvesting. Good soils - black soil, loam and sandy loam, if the soil is heavy, it is ennobled.

For guaranteed survival of a cherry seedling in a summer cottage, all basic requirements should be strictly observed during planting. It is necessary to correctly determine the timing of planting, correctly choose a seedling, prepare a planting pit.
Cherry grafting is an agricultural technique, during which one plant fragment is transferred to another to obtain a new crop with its own characteristics and properties. During the procedure, the aerial part of one tree is spliced ​​with a fragment of another culture. This will increase the yield of the cherry tree as well as increase its resistance to diseases and pests.

Growing and care

The variety is considered unpretentious, but requires the same procedures as any fruit tree - crown formation, pruning of branches, top dressing, which will be needed in the fourth year, if you put the necessary fertilizers in a hole when planting a seedling. Watering will be needed infrequently, but loosening the soil should be carried out after each heavy rain, and in the fall, remove all garden debris so that pests do not start on the site. Duke Excellent Venyaminova will thank the owner with a wonderful harvest and pleasure from the unique taste and aroma.

One of the keys to a good cherry harvest is proper care, a mandatory step of which is pruning. Pruning is one of the simplest procedures, and it doesn't require a lot of tools and time. After the procedure, the cherry tree redistributes a significant part of its vitality to the formation of a crop, which becomes better and more stable.
For abundant fruiting and successful growth, the cherry tree must be fed. Cherry makes rather high demands on the quality of feeding. For it, you can use both organic and mineral mixtures. At each stage of the growing season of a fruit tree, it needs different trace elements.
Cherries are found in almost every garden plot. And if every year she pleases with a bountiful harvest of large and sweet berries, then the question arises about the reproduction of such an effective variety. Cherries can be propagated by cuttings, seeds, layering, grafting, shoots. Each of the methods has its own characteristics.
Main characteristics
Authors
A.N. Venyaminov, A.F. Kolesnikova (All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture named after I.V. Michurin and All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops)
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duke (cherry)
Appointment
universal
Yield
high
Average yield
101.4 c / ha
Maximum yield
172.8 c / ha
Wood
Barrel type
wood
Growth type
vigorous
Height, m
up to 5
Crown
reverse pyramidal, raised, of medium density
Branches
flaky, brown
Escapes
medium, straight, olive brown
Leaves
ovoid, dark green
Flowers
bell-shaped, white
Number of flowers per inflorescence
4
Peduncle
length 33.9 mm, thickness medium
Flowering and fruiting type
bears fruit on last year's growths and bouquet twigs
Durability of wood
high
Fruit
Fruit size
large
Fruit size, mm
height 22-23 mm, width 29 mm, thickness 30 mm
Fruit weight, g
5,5-7,0
Fruit shape
flat
Fruit color
red
Pulp color
pink
Pulp (consistency)
medium density, melting
Taste
dessert
Juice color
colorless
Bone weight, g
0,42
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Fruit composition
dry matter 18.9%, sugars 13.68%, acids 0.96%
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Pollinator varieties
Griot Ostheimsky, Vladimirskaya
Winter hardiness
tree - good, flower buds - insufficient
Pruning
formative, sanitary
The soil
fertile, loose
The need for feeding
annual application of mineral fertilizers
Watering
timely
Location
requires good sunlight and sheltered from the winds
Coccomycosis resistance
relatively stable
Maturation
Early maturity
4 years after planting
Flowering period
May 10-15
Ripening period
average
Fruiting period
July 8-12
Reviews
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