White Muscat Grape

White Muscat Grape
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Europe
  • Appointment: technical
  • Berry color: yellowish golden
  • Taste: nutmeg
  • With bones: Yes
  • Ripening period: average
  • Ripening period, days: 140
  • Frost resistance, ° C: -18
  • Name synonyms: Busuyok, Frankincense, Moscatello Bianco, Muscat Blanc, Muscat Blanc A Petite Gran, Muscat Lunel, Muscat Frontignans, Small-berry Muscat, Tamyanka, Muscat Sales, Tamayosa, Feger muskotai, etc.
  • Bunch weight, g: 107-450
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The White Muscat variety is well known to many gardeners. This culture has been cultivated for more than a dozen years. In Russia, it can most often be found in the southern regions. This variety is considered technical. The fruits attract attention with their appetizing appearance and enchanting aroma.

Breeding history

The White Muscat grape is considered one of the oldest varieties of fruit crops, the history of which goes back centuries. It is believed that this variety began to be cultivated in the East. It was in this region that scientists first identified the remains of this plant, as well as a description of the fruits of the nutmeg group.

Description

Variety Muscat White, strongly branched and medium-sized. The vine is covered with lush and dense foliage. The color is delicate, light green. On the leaves, a small and light fluff is noticeable, which eventually changes color to wine-red. The percentage of ripening of shoots is from 65 to 70.

Ripening period

The ripening period of the fruit is 140 days. In some regions, it has 150 days. Experts recommend that you closely monitor the timing and harvest on time, otherwise the berries can quickly crumble. The ripening period is influenced by many external factors (growing region, weather conditions).

Bunches

Bunches of grapes can be either cylindrical or cylindrical-conical. As a rule, 1-3 clusters can develop simultaneously on one shoot. There is a tendency to peas. Fruit weight varies from 107 to 450 grams. The crop gains its maximum weight only when optimal climatic conditions are observed and with regular care.

Berries

Ripe berries acquire a yellow, amber color with a golden sheen. There are 2-3 bones inside. The density of the peel is medium. The fruits have a tender and juicy pulp. The shape is rounded. The diameter of the berries ranges from 10 to 17 millimeters. These sizes are considered average.

Taste

Experts describe the taste of the variety as nutmeg, sweet. The sugar content is from 180 to 240 g / dm³. The acidity ranges from 6.6 to 10.7 g / dm³.

Yield

White Muscat belongs to high-yielding varieties. The yield varies from 63.6 to 109.2 kg / ha. The exact figure depends on the region of cultivation and adherence to agricultural practices. To achieve the most plentiful and high-quality harvest, it is recommended to carry out manual pollination and regularly apply fertilizing.

The choice of planting material
Experienced gardeners recommend that beginners take cuttings and seedlings from those who made them from their vines and are professionally engaged in the production of such material.
You can evaluate the quality by cutting off a small amount of bark. When growing a bush from a cuttings and observing the rules of agricultural technology, survival rate is about 90%, the high quality of the plant is practically guaranteed. It is possible to control the development of grapes at all stages.
Subject to the rules of agricultural technology, survival rate is about 100%. The seedlings must be healthy. Pay attention to the absence of blisters, growths, or other signs of disease.

Growing features

Mass cultivation of this variety is recommended only in the southern part of the country. This is a region with a warm, stable climate and average humidity.Experts note that it is inappropriate to breed this species in a private economy. The variety does not tolerate high acidity, as well as clay and loamy soil.

Landing

It is recommended to plant grapes in spring. The optimal time is mid to late March. By this time, the soil will warm up enough and a constant temperature will be established. In the fall, planting can also be carried out, but this will negatively affect the yield of the grapes in the first year. You need to place the bushes in rows, in the direction from north to south.

The best place to land is a slope facing south or southeast. Leave a gap of 2 to 3.5 meters between the rows. When planting, be sure to water the bushes.

Landing features
In order for the vine to give a signal harvest after 3 years, it is necessary to take into account many factors - from the type of soil on the site to the nearby plants.

Pollination

During flowering, the plant is covered with flowers of both sexes. Thus, it is able to pollinate on its own.

Pruning

This variety is prone to branching, which requires regular pruning. The procedure is performed 2 times a year. Experts advise to carry out the "knot" pruning. Such work is needed to rejuvenate the grapes. In the spring, to increase productivity, 15-18 eyes are left on the bush. Each shoot has 2-3 buds. And you also need to regularly remove excess foliage, large and weak branches.

Pruning is one of the main grape care procedures. Depending on the purpose of pruning and the type of plant, the appropriate type of formation is selected.

Watering

It is necessary to irrigate the grapes once a week. One bush uses from 1 to 3 buckets, depending on the air temperature. It is important to avoid excessive moisture.

Irrigation schemes
In order for the berries to be large and juicy, it is necessary to organize full watering and feeding. All standards must be adjusted for weather conditions and the rate of evaporation of the liquid.
With a frequent watering scheme, it is recommended to moisturize once every two weeks (that is, twice a month during flowering and the appearance of berries) so that the earth is saturated 50 cm deep so that the plant does not switch to superficial (dew) roots. This amount can be reduced by mulching the crop with straw.
With a rare irrigation scheme, choosing the age and maturation of the grapes, you can use the standards presented in the table in another article.

Top dressing

Fertilizers are added 5 to 7 times per season. Potassium-based formulations demonstrate high efficiency. The last time feeding is performed at the end of July. Otherwise, you can extend the growing season, which will lead to unnecessary landscaping.

During planting, the grapes are watered and organic compounds are introduced.

Frost resistance and the need for shelter

White Muscat can withstand frosts down to –18 degrees Celsius. The plant must be covered for the winter, even in the southern regions. As insulation, you can use earth, snow, dense material. The vine must be carefully removed and lowered to the ground. Many gardeners use wood shields to keep the grapes out of contact with the cold ground.

Shelter for the winter is a very important step for the preservation of many grape varieties after wintering.

Diseases and pests

The main problem with this variety is rotting. In order for the plant to feel comfortable, it is necessary to correctly calculate the volume of water for irrigation. Otherwise, dampness will negatively affect the root system of the plant and the quality of the crop.

And you should also pay special attention to the condition of the vines. All damaged parts must be removed immediately. In order for the grapes to grow in comfortable conditions, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment. You can find ready-made formulations in any specialized store.

This variety has low resistance to many common grape diseases. The plant can be seriously affected by powdery mildew, mildew, anthracnose. And also the plant periodically attacks the spider mite. Regular pruning of the vine will help support the immune system of the grape.

Increased humidity over time makes grapes susceptible to gray mold.

Storage

It is necessary to harvest the crop immediately after it ripens, otherwise you can lose almost the entire crop. It is not recommended to store the bunches for a long time. The harvested crop should be stored in wooden boxes, in a cool room, away from sunlight. The air should be fairly dry so that the berries do not start to rot.

General characteristics
Authors
Europe
Name synonyms
Busuyoc, Frankincense, Moscatello Bianco, Muscat Blanc, Muscat Blanc A Petite Gran, Muscat Lunel, Muscat Frontignan, Small-berry Muscat, Tamyanka, Muscat Sales, Tamayosa, Feger muskotai, etc.
Appointment
technical
Yield
63.6-109.2 c / ha
Yield
high-yielding
Bunches
Bunch shape
cylindrical or cylindrical-conical
Density of the bunch
dense
Bunch weight, g
107-450
Berries
Berry color
yellowish golden
With bones
Yes
Number of seeds, pcs.
2-3
Taste
nutmeg
Sugar, g / dm³
180-240
Acidity, g / dm³
6,6-10,7
Skin
average
Pulp
juicy, tender
Berry shape
rounded
Berry size, mm
diameter 10-17
Berry size
average
Growing
Frost resistance, ° C
-18
Flower type
bisexual
The power of growth
medium-sized
Landing scheme
2.5 x I - 1.25
Percentage of fruitful shoots
44-80
The number of inflorescences on the shoot
on the developed - 0.46, on the fruitful - 1.22
Pruning vines, eyes
6-8
The need for shelter
Yes
Resistance to fungal diseases
not resistant to mildew, strongly affected by powdery mildew, anthracnose
Maturation
Ripening period, days
140
The sum of active temperatures from the beginning of budding to technological maturity, ° C
2900
Ripening period
average
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