Pharaoh grapes

Every year more and more gardeners pay attention to grapes. Many breeders are working on developing new varieties with better properties. Pharaoh is one of the most popular grape varieties and is ideal for commercial and home breeding.

The variety in question appeared relatively recently. Despite this, he had already found a large number of admirers, and quickly began to settle in the vineyards.

Pharaoh is called a variety of amateur selection. We got it when combining the varieties Gift Zaporozhye and Strashensky. The hybrid incorporates the best qualities of the two varieties. The creator of this plant is E.G. Pavlovsky, who bred more than 50 interesting and popular varieties.

The Pharaoh variety is represented by a table hybrid of black grapes. It is characterized by early ripening.

With proper planting and care, the resulting bush becomes vigorous. Shoots ripen early, along their entire length. The popularity of this option can also be associated with increased frost resistance. Practice has shown that the plant does not die when the temperature drops to -23 degrees. Resistance to powdery mildew and mildew at the level of 3 points.

As already noted, this is an early variety. With proper care and favorable growing conditions, the first fruits ripen at the end of August.

If the weather was unfavorable, ripening occurs at the beginning of September. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of breeding activities, you should choose the right place for planting.

The table variety is characterized by the fact that the clusters formed are quite large. The average weight is 1000 grams.

The bunch is very large, conical in shape. The berries hold well, so there are no problems with transportation.

Pharaoh's berries are large, round in shape. Moreover, the skin is not rough. Black color. Each berry weighs 10-15 grams. The peculiarity of the variety is its small seeds.

Another positive side of Pharaoh grapes is their attractive taste. Many assess it on a 10-point scale of 8. Simple harmonious taste and small seeds allow the berries to be used for preparing various dishes and processing.

The yield indicator is average. A bountiful harvest can only be achieved with proper planting and care. This is why the variety can be used for commercial applications. The yield indicator is 8-10 kg per square meter.

It is recommended to buy seedlings exclusively in specialized nurseries. At the same time, there are practically no special requirements for growing.

When caring for a plant, timely watering and pruning should be carried out. The grapes do not react strongly to the effects of the climate, but when the ambient temperature drops significantly, it is recommended to provide protection.

It is recommended to plant the selected seedlings in spring or autumn. In the first case, the most favorable conditions are in April, in the second - in October.

The planting process begins with choosing a suitable site. The culture is undemanding to the composition of the soil, but the highest yield can be achieved with drained loose soil.

The ideal option is considered to be a plot on the south or southeast side, which rises slightly. In order to protect a young plant, artificial protection is often carried out on the north side. On the site of a previously uprooted vineyard, it is recommended to plant only after 3 years.

Recommendations for the preparation of the site.

• The earth is dug to a depth of 30 cm.

• A disinfecting composition is introduced. In some cases, it is a 1% solution of copper sulfate.

• A week after treatment, a fertile litter is created by a combination of manure and superphosphate.

• For 1.5 months before planting the bush, the earth is dug up.

• In the central part of the prepared holes, stakes are installed for tying seedlings.

A small mound is formed. A seedling is installed on it, the roots are straightened, after which the hole is sprinkled with soil and watered. After complete absorption of water, the hole is completely covered with earth.

The Pharaoh variety has flowers of both sexes. This means that the plant can be pollinated on its own; there is no need to plant additional pollinating varieties next to it. Some gardeners use this grape as a pollinator for plants with a female type of flowers.

Correct and timely pruning will allow you to achieve the highest yields. This work begins in the first year after planting. For carrying out, you will need a sharply sharpened secateurs, the cut is made at a distance of 3 mm from the junction of the shoot with the stem. The surface that forms at the cut site must be treated with garden varnish.

The variety is characterized by a high growth rate. Therefore, a cut should be made for 6-8 eyes. Experts recommend not to touch the branches that come out of the ground in the immediate vicinity of the bush. The parts of the plant affected by the cold are removed. In the summer, sanitary pruning is carried out.

The Pharaoh variety is characterized by high resistance to cold. However, protective measures can significantly increase the yield.

In warm climates, shelter is not carried out even after landing. In a temperate climate, protection is done for the first 3 years.The grape sheaves are often covered with wooden pallets, after which a tarp or film is laid on top. Work to protect the bush should begin at the moment when the temperature drops to –3 ° C.

There are several diseases that can affect these grapes.

Anthracnose - remove all damaged parts, treat the surface with Quadris.

Phytophthora - affects the leaves. Treatment involves the removal of damaged elements and treatment with a 3% solution of copper sulfate.

Bacterial cancer - This problem can only be dealt with by removing the affected plant.

As for pests, grape leafhoppers are the greatest threat. The plant is susceptible to aphids and spider mites. It is necessary to react to their appearance in a timely manner, a heavily affected plant will have to be removed.

For further processing of the obtained berries, the best conditions for their storage should be provided. The most favorable conditions:

• temperature from 0 to +4 degrees;

• humidity not lower than 90%.