Black Pearl Grape

Black Pearl Grape
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: I.N. Xian, L.N. Mezentseva, N.A. Brezhnev, S. Ya. Batenekov VNIIViV them. ME AND. Potapenko
  • Appointment: technical
  • Berry color: dark blue
  • Taste: harmonious, nutmeg
  • Ripening period: early middle
  • Ripening period, days: 135
  • Frost resistance, ° C: -26
  • Bunch weight, g: 135-140
  • Yield: 120-130 c / ha
  • Flower type: bisexual
View all specifications

Black Pearl grapes are considered a classic raw material in winemaking and are used for the production of sweet and semi-sweet wines. However, due to its excellent taste and softness of the fruit, it is often confused with table species.

Breeding history

Black Pearl is considered a hybrid variety. Obtained not so long ago, it is one of the young crops in viticulture.

Black Pearl was bred by crossing two pairs of grape varieties:

  • August and Amursky;

  • Levokumsky and the Magarach Centaur.

The hybrid was obtained at VNIIViV them. Ya.I. Potapenko. This grape variety is technical and registered in the register in 2005.

Geography of distribution

The grapes of this variety are widespread in a temperate climate. It also takes root and bears fruit in the southern regions of the country.

Description

The resulting hybrid is widely used in winemaking. Due to its excellent characteristics, such as taste, yield, the berries of this variety are grown both on an industrial scale and on their own backyards.

Ripening period

It belongs to the mid-early grape varieties, and in the middle lane ripe berries appear already at the beginning of autumn.

If the grapes grow in the southern regions, then ripening begins even earlier, in late July - early August.

Bunches

The bunches of this grape are cylindro-conical with 1 or 2 wings. A medium-sized bunch weighs about 140 grams.

Berries

Berries are medium in size. They have a rounded or slightly oval shape. The skin color of a ripe berry is blue or dark blue with a purple tint. The pulp is white. The berries have a fleshy, juicy structure. The grape of this variety contains up to 25% sugar. The acid content is 6-7 g / l.

Due to its high taste characteristics, the dessert wine obtained from Black Pearl grapes received a good assessment from the experts: 7.6 points out of 10.

Taste

Ripe fruits of the Black Pearl have a bright, rich, sweet taste, in which the flavor of nutmeg can be clearly traced.

The taste of this grape variety is influenced by the location of the vineyard. If it is in a sunny area, then most of the berries will taste sweet by the time they ripen.

If the berries grow in a shaded area, some of them will have a sour taste.

Yield

After planting the cuttings, at least two years must pass before the plant begins to bear fruit. This variety has a high yield, which is confirmed by the following characteristics:

  • up to 140 kg of grapes can be harvested from one hundred square meters of the plantation;

  • on each bush, you can grow and collect at least 7 kg of berries.

The choice of planting material
Experienced gardeners recommend that beginners take cuttings and seedlings from those who made them from their vines and are professionally engaged in the production of such material.
You can evaluate the quality by cutting off a small amount of bark. When growing a bush from a cuttings and observing the rules of agricultural technology, survival rate is about 90%, the high quality of the plant is practically guaranteed. It is possible to control the development of grapes at all stages.
Subject to the rules of agricultural technology, survival rate is about 100%. The seedlings must be healthy. Pay attention to the absence of blisters, growths, or other signs of disease.

Growing features

Due to the good characteristics of this hybrid variety, the cultivation of Black Pearls does not require special conditions.

When planting, you should carefully choose the place of growth of the future vineyard. It should be sunny and calm.

Growing Black Pearl grapes will not cause many problems also because it has high resistance to temperature changes and various types of diseases:

  • the variety tolerates a drop in temperature to –26 degrees;

  • has resistance to mildew and oidium up to 2 points;

  • berries are not prone to being eaten by insects.

Landing

Planting can be done both in spring and autumn. The plant takes root equally well, regardless of the time of planting. When planting in the ground, the following conditions must be observed:

  • dig a hole;

  • moisturize;

  • add mineral fertilizers;

  • root the plant.

When planting, it is important to observe the required minimum distance between the bushes. It must be at least 1.5 meters.

Landing features
In order for the vine to give a signal harvest after 3 years, it is necessary to take into account many factors - from the type of soil on the site to the nearby plants.

Pollination

Pollination of grapes occurs naturally. This grape variety does not require artificial pollination.

Pruning

The bushes are formed so that their height is no more than a meter. Shoot pruning should be done at least 3-4 buds.

Pruning is one of the main grape care procedures. Depending on the purpose of pruning and the type of plant, the appropriate type of formation is selected.

Watering

The grapes should be watered at least once a week. In dry weather, the frequency of watering can be increased up to 2-3 times a week.

Irrigation schemes
In order for the berries to be large and juicy, it is necessary to organize full watering and feeding. All standards must be adjusted for weather conditions and the rate of evaporation of the liquid.
With a frequent watering scheme, it is recommended to moisturize once every two weeks (that is, twice a month during flowering and the appearance of berries) so that the earth is saturated 50 cm deep so that the plant does not switch to superficial (dew) roots. This amount can be reduced by mulching the crop with straw.
With a rare irrigation scheme, choosing the age and maturation of the grapes, you can use the standards presented in the table in another article.

Top dressing

Top dressing of Black Pearl grapes is made with mineral fertilizers suitable for this type of plants.

During the summer period, 2-3 dressings are carried out. Fertilizers are stopped 1.5 months before the onset of fruit ripening.

Frost resistance and the need for shelter

Shelter of bushes for the winter period is carried out as follows:

  • sawdust is poured under the bush;

  • covered with spruce branches from above.

Shelter for the winter is a very important step for the preservation of many grape varieties after wintering.

Diseases and pests

Black Pearl is most susceptible to the following diseases and pests:

  • spider mite;

  • bacteriosis.

To avoid these diseases, to reduce the risk of their occurrence, it is necessary to treat the plant with acaricidal preparations.

Storage

Store grapes in cool rooms, protected from sunlight. Wooden pallets and boxes work well for storage.

General characteristics
Authors
I.N. Xian, L.N. Mezentseva, N.A. Brezhnev, S. Ya. Batenekov VNIIViV them. ME AND. Potapenko
Appeared when crossing
(August x Amur) x (Centaur Magarach x Levokumsky)
Year of approval
2005
Appointment
technical
Yield
120-130 c / ha
Bunches
Bunch shape
cylindro-conical with 1 or 2 wings
Density of the bunch
moderate density and dense
Bunch weight, g
135-140
Berries
Berry color
dark blue
Taste
harmonious, nutmeg
Sugar, g / dm³
230-240
Acidity, g / dm³
6-7
Pulp
fleshy juicy
Berry shape
slightly oval
Berry weight, g
1,5
Berry size
average
Wine tasting evaluation, points
7,6
Growing
Frost resistance, ° C
-26
Flower type
bisexual
The power of growth
vigorous
Landing scheme
3x1
Fruiting rate
1,7
Pruning vines, eyes
3-4
Mildew resistance, points
2 points (stability)
Resistance to powdery mildew, points
2 points (stability)
Maturation
Ripening period, days
135
Ripening period
early middle
Reviews
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