Planting grapes in autumn

Planting grapes in the fall can be a very good solution. But it is very important to know how to properly plant it in Siberia and in another region for novice owners of summer cottages. The rules for planting grapes have been worked out quite a long time ago - the main thing is to comply with them.

Autumn landing is recommended not earlier than the beginning of October. The reason is very simple. It is at this time that the plant calms down and begins to prepare for winter. But all the same, after disembarkation, tender shoots must be protected from the effects of cold. The specific month for planting grapes in the fall should be selected taking into account the specifics of the region. So, in Siberia, it is completely better to abandon such a procedure in the fall, because even in the south it is already very cool in September.

The situation is better in the Rostov region. You can plant grapes there from the beginning of October until the first signs of soil freezing. It is imperative to take care of the seedlings so that they spend the winter calmly.

Planting grapes in swampy lowlands should be avoided whenever possible. The northern sides of the plots are also best avoided. Regardless of the orientation to the cardinal points, it is necessary to choose places where there is no danger of penetrating drafts. There should be no tall trees nearby, but buildings and fences are welcome. A distance of at least 4 m must be maintained between vines and fruit trees.

The selection of soil for grape bushes is also important. This plant grows optimally on light, fertile soil. Heavy clay soil is categorically unsuitable. Purely sandy soil is also bad, because it allows water to pass through and freezes severely in winter. We must also avoid areas with excessive acidity.

A prerequisite when choosing seedlings is that they are grafted. Among them, ripe ones are distinguished, which, unlike vegetative ones, are just suitable for autumn work. You also need to pay attention to the root system. When planting grapes in the southern regions, one should prepare such planting material, which has a shank not shorter than 40 cm.For northern areas, as well as in case of forced planting in sandy areas, this length cannot be less than 50-60 cm.

Before cutting off a grape shoot, it must also be carefully examined. More precisely, you need to choose a high quality shoot. Vines with a length of only 8 to 12 mm are suitable for grafting. It is better to cook the shanks at the same time as pruning. Growing grapes from seeds will require much more effort.

The future development of the plant largely depends on the introduction of such dressings. Lack of nutrients turns into poor growth and even peas. From the very beginning, sulfur and nitrogen will need to be added to the soil. They will ensure rapid bud formation, and strengthen the stems and foliage. Phosphorus supplements will help to activate flowering and berry setting.

If you fertilize grapes with potassium, then it will form the ovaries better. The plant will be better protected from adverse factors. Rotted organic matter is distinguished by efficiency and safety during planting. It improves both the fertility of the land and its structure. At the very landing, it is recommended to lay:

• superphosphate;
• wood ash;
• spattered manure or bird droppings (fresh organic matter of this kind can damage the roots).

Seedlings with a closed root system can be planted from May to October. Most often, grapes are chosen from the first or second year of life. For such plants, you will need to prepare a pit 30-50 cm deep. Its width and length will not differ. The drainage function will be provided by a brick or expanded clay laying with a thickness of 20-25 cm. Drainage can be abandoned if the site itself gets rid of rainwater well. But it is better to observe this for at least a couple of years before daring to plant grapes. In any case, before the procedure itself, the seedling should be thoroughly watered. The planted plant is sprinkled with soil, crushing it around. Tying to a support is a prerequisite for success.

To plant grapes correctly, you need to plan the entire scheme in detail. It is worth considering the peculiarities of a particular region. Humus is placed in a prepared hole. Having moved the seedlings to the chosen place, straighten the roots, checking that they are located neatly and evenly. The excavations should be covered with earth carefully and slowly. Further, step-by-step instructions for beginners indicate that you need to water the seedlings abundantly with water. Use 20-30 liters of water per plant. You can use various ways to solve the problem. When using seedlings, a hole is prepared, which is filled in advance with soil (humus). A soaked fully prepared seedling is placed on top of it, all the roots of which are carefully straightened down.

The calcaneal roots are positioned so that they are at a depth of about 40 cm. From above, the hole is covered with simple fertile soil. Different rules apply when it is decided to plant a plant with a cuttings. It is recommended to start preparation by cutting off the upper part from the most developed shoot, on which there will be 3 formed buds. First of all, a trench is prepared with a depth of 30 cm. It is covered with humus. Cuttings are placed in 20 cm increments, tilting them to the south. All buds are left above the soil surface, except for the lower pair. Immediately after disembarkation, the trench is abundantly irrigated. The cuttings are usually covered with plastic bottles (but if you have put arches before, you can also use foil).

You can also resort to planting with shanks. Pre-cut vine fragments are kept in an unsaturated permanganate solution for about 4 hours. Then they must be washed and dried. Cut from the top and bottom of 1-2 cm, soak the legs for 2 days in "Kornevin", and then in clean water. After waiting for the stems to grow up to 5-7 cm, they are planted in open ground. You can do it differently - namely: use the method of growing a vine without roots. This approach is quite old, but it allows you to achieve a good condition of the bush. A stalk 1-2 m long is planted in late autumn, when the leaf fall ends.

Greenhouse grape cultivation is more practical despite the effort involved. And the more difficult the climate in some area, the more true it is. Without heating, even a simple greenhouse creates an elevated temperature. The difference of 2-4 degrees for the vine is much more important than for humans. With proper technology, you can grow crops 14-20 days earlier than in open land, and fight pests less.

It is necessary to equip trellises inside the greenhouses. Wire is attached to them. Seedlings are placed at a distance of at least 30-50 cm from the boundaries of the room. The spacing between plants is the same as in open ground. Tubes with a diameter of 10-12 cm are attached to the drainage layer, which are useful for irrigation. The tubes are raised above the ground by at least 5 cm. Before planting the seedlings in the pits, they must be watered.