Miter saws: types and subtleties of use

The miter saw is a useful tool at home and in workshops. It has a fairly wide range of applications. But you need to choose such products as carefully as possible; and for a start - to figure out why it is needed at all.

With a miter saw, you can make extremely precise and, moreover, extremely even cuts in joinery workpieces. They are obtained at an arbitrary angle, not just at an angle of 90 degrees. Most often, the miter saw is picked up when it comes to finishing. Such a tool copes very well with joining workpieces "in a mustache". Therefore, it is recommended to use it when working with door trims.

But an end saw is needed even when working on furniture blanks, over other joinery.

But there are also exceptions to this rule. So, if you need to cope with the curvature of the joints of baseboards and platbands, an end saw is still better. Here, its use is justified, even if you need to do a little work.

Also, a similar device helps with:

• laying parquet;

• the formation of floors from parquet boards;

• replacing or installing doors from scratch;

• cross-cut expensive durable materials.

The structure of a miter saw is relatively simple.

It includes:

• motor;
• reducer;
• saw disc;
• basic part;
• handle (supplemented by a start button).

Power plants can be of asynchronous or collector format. The first option is chosen if you need to minimize noise and maximize the operating time of the device. But the collector devices are much less demanding on maintenance. This allows you to safely use them with a significant amount of work. Most often, the motor is placed on the right side (in relation to the cutting disc).

But some designers prefer to allocate a place for the engine behind the working element. This is noticeably more comfortable and improves visual control when the cut is at an angle rather than directly. The transfer of energy from the motor to the saw blade occurs through a gear or belt drive. The notched version is nice because it does not slip when turned on at high load. The belt system creates less noise and in addition prevents vibration (which greatly increases wear on the working parts).

Combined is a side saw that is supplemented from above with a sawing table. This addition allows you to simultaneously achieve the functionality of a full-fledged circular saw. However, the total cost of such equipment is at least 2.5 times higher than that of simpler options. And only professionals can use it.In domestic conditions, it is much more correct to have a miter saw (you can even use a hand saw) and a stationary circular apparatus.

Miter-cutting tools calmly cut:

• polyurethane;
• aluminum;

• Styrofoam;
• all brands of laminate;
• a wide range of plastics.

A mini-saw is most often not bought, but is made by hand from improvised components. It is usually calculated for a voltage of 12V. The larger the disc part of the device, the longer it can work without interruption. The disc determines the depth of the cut, ranging from 16.5 to 35.5 cm for some models.

In most cases, a miter saw is not made by hand, but with an electric drive. Pull-through options are made so that the disc rests on 2 or more rails. They try to put slats in parallel. This is necessary so that the saw blade can move in different directions. It is not possible to equip the device with a battery.

It is useful to understand in more detail the differences between circular and miter saws. The second option (sometimes also called pendulum) is much better suited for fine cutting. But it is inferior to a circular tool in terms of the speed of cutting the material. The length of the workpiece to be processed is unlimited for both devices. But the width of the product that can be cut with a miter saw is determined by installing it on the surface of the table (workbench).

To make the right choice, you need to clearly understand what the purpose of using the tool will be. The number of functions depends on the scope of its application. For periodic use (for home), you can choose the simplest model that can solve a limited range of tasks. But for those who plan to regularly and actively use a miter saw, it makes sense to choose a professional model that is equipped with a wide range of options.

As for the size of the cutting disc itself, it should not be less than 20 cm in diameter. An important role for both universal and highly specialized devices is played by the width and depth of the cuts.

These two indicators directly determine which materials can be processed using a particular device. Experts recommend not skimping on the size of the disk.

The quality characteristics of the work still depend on:

• the type of material used;
• features of sharpening teeth;
• disk geometry.

Some types of teeth only work quickly when cut lengthwise. Others are able to pierce the material as cleanly and evenly as possible. There is another type that works well exclusively with transverse cuts. These circumstances must be taken into account both when choosing a tool and in its practical use.Proper use of the miter saw according to the type of its teeth is a sure guarantee of a long service life and excellent performance.

If you do not know in advance what specific materials will have to be processed, you need to choose products with speed control. A variety of saws can work on aluminum. The main thing is that there is enough power and that a suitable disk is installed. As already mentioned, belt-driven saws are needed for those people who plan to process hard materials and large workpieces. In this case, it turns out to significantly speed up the work.

A very useful feature is the automatic shutdown when the disk is stuck. Top models can provide smooth starting or automatic locking when changing discs. Protection against current breakdown and material clamps help to improve the quality of work. It is advisable to focus on versions that are equipped with electrodynamic brakes. Such systems as quickly as possible and, moreover, smoothly stop the motor as soon as the power is turned off.

It is advisable to go to a special site (reference or hosted by the manufacturer) before buying. Do not give up on consultation when buying in a store. The design aspects are not too important - it's still a purely practical piece of equipment. It's important to decide right away whether the miter saw should be expensive or whether you can save money by purchasing a more affordable version. One should not give preference to more functional devices compared to those made of solid material: many home craftsmen have already faced serious problems due to such a choice.

The feed-through miter saw helps you cut more efficiently. It can make a larger cut than a conventional counterpart (no broach). But the total cost of such devices is much higher. The tilt cut function is not very relevant for domestic use. Of course, the products of well-known companies are always preferable.

It is useful to imagine exactly how the work will take place. It is very good if you can do a test run. In any case, it is worth looking at the workmanship of the bed and the swivel element. It is best if the bed is made of aluminum or magnesium-based alloys. Such structures are at the same time strong, lightweight and mobile. Saws that can expand the table usually have a pair of rods to mount the working unit. However, if you plan to machine very large parts, it is advisable to choose tools with additional pivot points.

Among the models of the DeWalt brand, it is worth paying attention to those equipped with the XPS system (the projection of the shadow of the blade allows you to increase the accuracy of sawing).

The best brands of miter saws, whose products are consistently included in the top, are:

• DeWalt;

• Bosch

• Makita;

• Metabo.

German concern Metabo has been operating since 1924, its products are supplied to dozens of countries on all continents. But it can also be very beneficial Makita brand tool, such as LS 0714. This model is small in size, placed on the table. The outer section of the disc is 19 cm. The device is designed for rotation at a speed of 6000 rpm (this speed does not change).

The maximum cutting height is 5.2 cm. In width it can reach 30 cm. The angle of inclination is 45 degrees, and the angle of rotation is 57 degrees.

Additional functions include:

• horizontal stroke;
• changing the cutting depth;
• spindle stop;
• the ability to cut not only wood, but also plastic, metal (when supplemented with the necessary equipment).

The developers were able to create effective electrical insulation. The disc casing is completely reliable. Extendable supports are of great benefit: with their help, it is easy to process a fairly long workpiece.Low weight and small dimensions facilitate transportation and storage. The Japanese tried to ensure professional assembly, were able to exclude the appearance of backlashes. The main task - cutting the material - this machine performs flawlessly.

Continuing the review, it is useful to pay attention to Metabo KGS 216 M... The diameter of the saw blade of this miter saw is 21.6 cm. It makes up to 5000 revolutions per minute. The largest cut is 30.5 cm wide and 6.5 cm deep. Tilt and swivel are equally performed at angles of 47 degrees. What is important - in both directions.

Package Included:

• the main part of the saw is cast from aluminum;
• laser-type marker;
• spindle lock;
• LED backlight.

The clamp can be used to fix the workpieces from the front or from the top. The device can operate at power up to 1500 W. However, in this mode, it can remain for no more than 6-7 minutes. Since the working table extends smoothly and a broaching mode is provided, processing of wide workpieces is greatly simplified. The device that removes the sawdust generated during operation is almost perfectly thought out.

The default drive does a good job with a wide variety of jobs. The assembly fully meets the needs of DIYers. The cut goes smoothly, while the noise does not cause serious inconvenience. The grip is quite comfortable. Another advantage KGS 216 M is a comfortable cost. However, the laser pointer and illumination occasionally do not fire or fire incorrectly.

Miter saw Bosch GCM 800 SJ placed on the table. With a blade diameter of 21.6 cm, the slope of the structure reaches 45 degrees. The largest turn is 47 degrees. The limiting twisting speed is 5500 turns per minute. The cut in width is 27 cm, the height of the cut can reach 7 cm.

GCM 800 SJ able to lock the spindle and start smoothly. At the request of the owner, a vacuum cleaner is connected. A standard disc helps to cut not only boards, but also lining, and even laminate. The special blade can handle aluminum and even plastic. Since the starting current is strictly limited, the saw turns on quite correctly. It is well assembled, and the manufacturer gives a three-year warranty on their product. Occasionally problems arise with the clamps.

Once again, the German miter saw is replaced by the Japanese counterpart. Deservedly recognized as one of the best medium-power saws Hitachi C10FCE2... A blade with a diameter of 25.5 cm at speeds up to 5000 rpm is capable of making cuts up to 14.4 cm wide and up to 8.9 cm deep. The developers took care of a high-quality rubber grip cover. Therefore, you can hold the instrument without any problems.

Hitachi engineers have provided a dust removal system, thanks to it:

• respiratory organs suffer less;
• there is no need to use personal protective equipment;
• increased visibility in the workplace (which helps to work more efficiently and safer);
• cleanliness is ensured in the home workshop.

The original shipping kit includes a secure clamp. With the help of machines of this model, both metal and polymers can be trimmed. When folded, moving the saw is easy. When sawing, the material is processed as precisely as possible. The miter saw is pretty cheap. Its only weakness is the presence of some (easily correctable) errors on the measuring scale.

Returning again to German products, it is imperative to mention Bosch GCM 8 SJL Professional... This is a professional grade product with a brushed electric motor. The saw blade is slightly larger than the previous model, with a diameter of 26.1 cm.The laser marker is quite stable. The miter saw stops are designed to handle long workpieces.

The number of revolutions per minute reaches 5500, the maximum width of the cut is 31.2 cm. In height, it can be 7 cm. The dust removal system collects chips not only when making cuts, but also after their end. The unit can be used to work with a variety of materials, even during the formation of new and restoration of old floors. German engineers were able to equip their product with a laser marker that is safe for the eyes.

The device settings are meticulously selected. Judging by the reviews, there are no backlashes, but there is an impressive working life. To exploit GCM 8 SJL Professional quite convenient. You can adjust the device without any problems, it cuts very accurately and does not chip.

It is useful to look at the achievements of American industry as well. It's about a saw DeWalt DWS 780... This machine is suitable even for professional builders and repairmen. The diameter of the working disc is 30.5 cm. The greatest inclination of the saw reaches 49 degrees.

The largest parameters of the cut (in depth and width) reach 11.2 and 34.9 cm, respectively. The engineers were able to provide a good set of rpm and horizontal movement. Internal volume ventilation is maintained. The backlight is also quite reliable. The positioning system is highly accurate. Thanks to the well thought-out design, the stability of the tool is also ensured.

A device is provided to limit the cutting depth.

In the budget price segment, the end saw blades of the Chinese brand Jet... Its products are distinguished by excellent assembly and increased reliability. It is not for nothing that such tools are increasingly used in medium and small workshops. The model with a motor with a total power of 1500 W is equipped with factory discs with a diameter of 21.6 cm.This device can work in the pull mode, which allows you to increase the cutting depth up to 6.2 cm, and the width up to 30.5 cm.

Insufficient dust removal efficiency is a serious design weakness. Aiming with a laser is therefore very difficult. It should be borne in mind that direct connection of the motor makes it impossible to start smoothly. However, for professional builders, this is only a minor hindrance. German models of comparable price do not have a broaching function, which significantly limits the width of the notch.

But as important as choosing a good miter saw is, it’s impossible to reduce it all to it. Be sure to tweak the design properly. To make a 90 degree adjustment, you must use blanks with perfect ribs. Such blanks are obtained by jointing. Their readiness is assessed by touching each other and visually examining the lumen.

The next step is to make 90 degree cuts. The reference blanks cut in this way are again pushed towards each other. At the ideal angle, the convergence of objects will be extremely accurate; deviations from the normal value allow you to consider the upper or lower wedge. In this case, you have to change the settings of the miter saw and re-run the test. As practice shows, in just a few minutes, the work of the sawing apparatus can be brought to the ideal level.

With such a ratio, the probability of chipping is reduced to almost zero. After placing the replaceable blade, you need to check that it is exactly at right angles to the saw table. The assessment is carried out using a square. Important: the ruler is pushed to the plane of the disc, avoiding touching the teeth. Working with stops as prescribed in the manual (instructions), they achieve the absence of the most insignificant gaps between the disc and the square.

Next, move the tilt indicator to the "0" mark. You can now repeat the same procedure as before to optimally tilt the saw to a 45 degree angle. The next adjustment is the pivot angle debugging. First, place the disc in relation to the stop so that a perpendicular is formed. The approach to actions directly depends on what type of stop was set on the machine.

When the stop is assembled from a single piece, you need to slightly loosen the adjusting unit bolts or double-sided screws. Then one of the ends of the stop is slightly pushed towards the disc. The second edge will be pulled in the right direction automatically. If a strap clamp is supplied, all corner pieces of the frames can be pulled together.

When the emphasis is divided into left and right segments, you have to:

• put one of the parts at an angle of 90 degrees to the disc;
• fix it in this position with bolts or screws;
• align the second share in relation to the first;
• fix the scale pointer at the zero mark.

Please note that the stops on some miter saws cannot be adjusted. Solve the problem in an alternative way. First of all, the disc and the saw unit are placed at 90 degrees relative to the stop. It is necessary to set the rotary pointer to 0 degrees, and then loosen the screws securing the scale. When the table is turned (with it, the scale moves at the same time), the perpendicular position of the stop and the disk is successively reached.

Now you need to tighten the screws, otherwise the settings will be irrevocably lost. Adjustment of other angles is not necessary. But it is required to assess how accurately everything is built. Checking is carried out by obtaining test bevels (they are made at an angle of 45 degrees); 4 segments are taken as reference samples, the lengths and sections of which completely coincide. Then a square frame is assembled, the corners of which are connected by a tape clamp.

Noticing the looseness of any joint, you must immediately recheck all the adjustment steps. Sometimes you even have to re-adjust the miter saw. This is very important, because all connections in the form of a "mustache" rivet the attention of people around. If the setting is not of high quality, you will not be able to get a decent result. But with the strict correctness of the settings, admirable products are obtained.

Having chosen and configured the miter saw as expected, you can immediately start using it. But it is very important to do it according to the rules. The approach is roughly the same regardless of the specific device model. It is pertinent to consider the basic principles using the example of Stanley STSM 1510. Extremely important! It should not be forgotten for a moment that a miter saw is a powerful and highly efficient power tool and the slightest carelessness in handling it can lead to dire consequences.

Start-up is carried out by a trigger switch. However, the cuts themselves will not be made until the locking lever is pressed. Once the start is complete, the saw is lowered to the workpiece. The disc immediately starts cutting it. A stream of shavings erupts outward.

When cutting blanks at right angles, most often they try to hold the wooden parts by hand.But for novice home craftsmen, it is worth doing such work with the help of a clamp: it will hold all the necessary parts by itself, allowing you to concentrate on working with the cutting disc. So it is safer, faster and safer. When working with workpieces at an angle other than 90 degrees, the clamp must be used in any case.

The cutting angle can be adjusted by turning the platform. To do this, unscrew the handle, which acts as a rotary latch. Next, this retainer is squeezed downward. The platform can now be moved. Usually, the most popular cutting angles are marked separately on the scales of miter saws.

When working with any miter saw, you must carefully check the health of all safety components:

• soft start systems;
• automatic shutdown unit;
• disc replacement blocker;
• insulation breakdown protection systems;
• fixing part;
• shroud over the cutting surface.

Each type of miter saw has already been appreciated by consumers. And therefore, when choosing models, it is imperative to take this moment into account so as not to face unnecessary problems. Metabo KGS 254 Plus good in that a clean, non-splitting cut is formed. This is largely due to the large number of revolutions and high power of the device.

"Caliber Master PTE-14002" can only be bought as the cheapest and most affordable weapon. This saw looks nice and is easy to use. But the casing, which protects from contact with the cutting blade, is unreasonably easy to move. In general, flimsy is the most serious drawback of this system. The device is suitable for summer cottages, for occasional housework.

Ryobi EMS190DCL is relatively inexpensive and performs a variety of functions. This miter saw is assembled as carefully as possible. Transportation in the luggage compartment of the car is not difficult. The cut quality is somewhat inferior to the expensive professional versions, but it is quite sufficient for solving most consumer tasks. The only exception is the most delicate work.

Chinese model Jet JSMS-12L is pretty cheap. She is quite capable of working for several months in any production. The funds paid are quickly returned. But the disc included in the kit breaks down almost immediately. Therefore, in most cases, they still stop at other models.

An example of them is AEG BPS18-254BL-0... This unit is equipped with a wide stop. This property makes it possible to efficiently clamp and process even large workpieces. Doubts about the quality of metal processing, judging by the reviews, are completely unjustified: this product is distinguished by true German quality both in terms of assembly and in terms of a production resource.

But the Japanese quality is not always manifested. An example of a problem saw is Makita LH 1040... This product has noticeable backlash. Branded warranty centers refer to some thermal clearances. Better to focus on other models of the same brand.

Very good feedback goes to the miter saw Metabo KGSV 72 Xact SYM... The tool performs well even in the daily work of hardwoods. Its power is enough for sawing and for milling quarters and grooves. Thanks to the fine adjustment of the stops, less preparation time is spent, and the workflow is more efficient. Most of the dust is captured by the built-in vacuum cleaner.

The subtleties of working on a miter saw are in the video below.