Tomato Yusupovsky

The fruits of this family tomato culture amaze with their delicious taste, meatiness, juiciness and size. The growing process is not overly time consuming.

The variety was bred at the experimental plots of the Research Institute of Vegetable and Melon Crops in Uzbekistan about 50 years ago. In the process of breeding, both cultivated and wild species were used, for this reason, the level of resistance to diseases of Yusupov (Uzbek) tomatoes is much higher than usual. The variety is not included in the State Register.

The culture is a tall, strong and fast-growing bushes (150-170 cm) with abundant foliage and powerful stems. Bushes bloom in June - August. Inflorescences are formed in a brush, each with 6-8 fruits, and up to 8 brushes appear on 1 stem. Leaves are dark green. The culture has excellent fruit setting and productive filling of all ovaries. This indeterminate plant can bear fruit until the very cold.

A significant property of culture is the versatility of its fruits and methods of cultivation (in open and closed soils, as well as in greenhouses). When molding, 2 stems are usually left.

Of the advantages of Yusupov tomatoes, we note:

• large-fruited;

• excellent taste and aroma of fruits;

• the presence of dense and sweet pulp without light streaks, with a thin skin;

• a long-term fruiting period (greenhouse fruits ripen until mid-autumn);

• unpretentiousness and resistance to noticeable temperature fluctuations;

• low level of waste in the recycling process;

• the suitability of seeds from their own harvest for cultivating a crop;

• the possibility of cultivation in different climatic zones;

• stable immune protection against most diseases.

Cons of the variety:

• insufficient degree of productivity;

• at a high level of humidity, the fruits are subject to cracking;

• the possibility of cracking and low keeping quality of tomatoes;

• low level of storage and transportability.

Among the main advantages of the culture, the excellent taste of loose and sugar pulp stands out. In terms of taste, the fruits of the culture became one of the first tomatoes for cultivation in the middle latitudes of Russia.

In configuration, the fruits are round-flattened, large, slightly ribbed, with yellowish streaks near the stalks and rough bottoms. The color of the ripe tomato is raspberry red. The peel is thin, easily cracking with excess moisture. Fruit weight up to 400-600 (up to 1000) g. Fleshy consistency (raspberry shades), "steak" type, sugary, with a small amount of seeds. When ripe, it becomes sugar-grainy, reminiscent of a high-quality watermelon.

The fruits fully receive their unusual taste properties, ripening exclusively on the branch. Changes in moisture levels negatively affect the quality of the fruit, which often cracks. In use, the fruits are universal.

The fruit taste is intense, sweetish, without sourness, with a persistent tomato aroma. The fruits of the Yusupov culture are often called "the cook's dream", since they are usually used in the legendary Uzbek salad "achik-chuchuk".This is one of the most delicious large-fruited crops of pink tomatoes. The content of dry matter is 5-6%, sugar is 5%.

The culture is late-ripening with a ripening period of 120-130 days, with a long-term fruiting type - from the beginning of August to the second decade of September.

Crop yield at the level of 10-12 kg / m², 6-8 pcs. /bush.

Seedlings are planted in the ground at the age of 70 days.

The standard planting pattern is 40x60 cm, with a planting density of no more than 3 plants per 1 m².

When planting a crop, the soil should be loose, neutral or slightly acidic (loam, sandy loam). The specificity of care is the formation of bushes into 1-2 shoots, the elimination of stepchildren, the implementation of a garter.

The Yusupov variety is extremely sensitive to cold - a temperature drop below 8 ° C is detrimental to it. Planting a crop in the ground should be done only in the absence of the likelihood of recurrent cold snaps and soil heating to a level of 10-12 ° C.

In the central regions of Russia, this is usually 1 decade of June. It is from this date that the countdown of sowing seeds for seedlings should be carried out, that is, by the time of planting, the seedlings should be 65-70 days old.

To obtain the greatest yield, seeds must be sown in late February and early March.

The easiest option is to purchase purchased soil for the production of seedlings. Another way to prepare the soil is to use garden soil filled with organic matter and NPK mineral fertilization (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in a proportion of 1 teaspoon per bucket of soil. To exclude the possibility of the penetration of painful microflora, both soils are calcined in the oven or treated with an antiseptic (2 drops of brilliant green per 1 liter of water). The seeds are treated in a pinkish manganese solution, after which they are soaked in a growth stimulator for 8 hours.

Then they are sown in containers, embedded 0.8-1.0 cm into the prepared soil. They are sprinkled with sifted soil on top, covered with polyethylene to create a greenhouse effect and placed in a warm room. Seeds begin to germinate at a soil temperature of 22-25 ° C, and air temperature - 20-23 ° C.

The seedlings are viable when provided:

• a balanced diet containing potassium and phosphorus, with a minimum amount of nitrogen;

• regulatory lighting with phytolamps;

• comfortable soil and air temperature 20-25 ° С, humidity - 50-60%.

Following the appearance of 3 true leaves, the seedlings are transferred into pots with a diameter of at least 8 cm. The soil is spilled with a superphosphate solution (1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water). About 9-10 days after the pick, the plants should be fed with humate.

For high-quality survival of the bushes, 2 rules must be observed:

• their age is 65-70 days;

• soil temperature - not less than + 12 ° С.

When cultivating the Yusupov culture, it is desirable to form conditions as close as possible to the climate of Uzbekistan. It is in such conditions that culture reveals all its virtues.

Required:

• maximum degree of illumination;

• daytime air temperature 25-29 ° С and 21-25 ° С at night;

• humidity - no more than 60%;

• balance of plant nutrition.

The culture absolutely cannot stand even a slight drought, since a moisture deficit will immediately affect the quality of the fruits. Therefore, irrigation is carried out regularly (once every 4-5 days) and abundantly - about 10 liters per bush. Since plants do not like high humidity, they are irrigated exclusively at the root. The soil mulching procedure is advisable.

On depleted soils, manure or compost should be applied under the culture - about 3 kg / m². Cow dung is preferable here.

The bushes are formed in 1-2 shoots. During the growing season, they leave 6-8, and in the 1st decade of August, pinch the top.

The culture is capable of intensively forming stepchildren, which must be eliminated every 5-7 days, preventing them from stretching more than 5 cm. Bushes and supports (pegs, trellises) are needed.

The Yusupov culture is resistant to fusarium and cladosporiosis, it does not often get sick with apical rot and black leg. However, it has no immunity to late blight. For this reason, optimal temperature parameters in greenhouses are important, and the professional treatment of bushes with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid. Insecticides will be helpful in repelling pests.