Tomato Samara

Among the tomatoes there are varieties that have been approved for use long ago, and among them Samara. Today, this hybrid is successfully grown by many growers, the main thing is compliance with the elementary rules of agricultural technology.

The described variety has unlimited growth, therefore it belongs to the category of indeterminate. Samara is grown in greenhouses and is rarely seen outdoors. He has a high marketability, 96-99%.

Bushes grow tall, up to 2 meters, and sometimes more. Average branching, creeping stem. The foliage is normal, typical for tomatoes, a dark green shade, there is a slight wrinkle.

Light green unripe fruits turn red when fully ripe. Fruit size is medium, with a maximum weight of 77 grams.

A characteristic feature is the rounded shape. The base is even, the top is smooth. Inside, under the smooth skin, there is a dense pulp. Samara fruits have good keeping quality.

Samara tastes like a fragrant tomato. Its fruits are good fresh, but they are not suitable for canning.

This is a mid-early variety that can be harvested after 118 days.

The yield is 3.3-3.8 kg per bush.

The end of February and the beginning of March is the time to plant seeds for future seedlings. By the end of April, young bushes can be taken out and planted in the greenhouse.

The optimal layout is used 40 x 60 cm.

To select seeds of this variety, they are poured into a 3-5% solution of sodium chloride or ammonium nitrate for 3 minutes. Within 1-2 minutes, the seeds are stirred and allowed to settle. At the same time, large, full-fledged ones settle to the bottom, and small and unusable ones float.

To prevent bacterial diseases, the inoculum is disinfected for 25-30 minutes in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate, and before sowing, it is etched with TMTD (8-9 g per 1 kg). In the fight against viral diseases, good results are obtained by treatment with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution for 30 minutes.

To obtain friendly and uniform shoots, to increase yields, to ripen at an early date, Samara tomato seeds are treated with salts of microelements and biologically active substances. Pour the solution so that the seed is completely covered. For processing, a 0.003-0.006% solution of heteroauxin is also used.

This variety requires pinching and tying.Forming is also an obligatory part of leaving, while leaving no more than one stem on each bush.

Samara tomatoes are pollinated mainly at high temperatures (about + 32 ° C) and low air humidity. If the air is very humid, and the temperature is low (below 10-12 ° C), then the flowers are almost not pollinated and fall off en masse.

The seeds of this variety begin to germinate at + 11 ° С, but the most favorable temperature is 22-25 ° С. With a sufficient amount of moisture in the soil, shallow immersion in the soil and a favorable temperature, seedlings appear 5-6 days after sowing. Roughly the same temperature is required for normal growth and development of seedlings. When the temperature drops to 13-15 ° С, buds do not open in Samara, they crumble, and at 10 ° С their growth stops. If the plants have not been hardened, they can be damaged by frosts of 1-2 ° C, therefore it is undesirable to grow them in the open field.

In terms of moisture requirements, Samara tomatoes are relatively drought-resistant plants. They thrive better on less moist soils, this is due to the fact that they have a strong root system that penetrates deep into the soil and is able to provide plants with water.

Tomatoes, before the start of fruit development, on chernozem soils can grow satisfactorily at 60% moisture. The optimum soil moisture content is 70-80%. Adequate soil moisture is needed for better fertilizer use. If there is not enough moisture in the soil, fertilizers are not fully used.

The growth and development of Samara tomatoes is affected by the intensity of illumination, the composition of the spectrum and the duration of daylight hours. In conditions of partial shading, they reduce yields by 30-40%. The need for lighting in different phases of development is not the same. Seedlings and young bushes of Samara are especially sensitive to light. Therefore, when growing seedlings in a greenhouse, artificial light is needed. Then the Samara tomatoes become stronger, their root system develops better, they do not stretch and do not lag behind in development.

The tomato of this variety can be grown on soils of different mechanical composition.

The optimal pH is 5.5-6.5. They grow satisfactorily both on slightly acidic and slightly alkaline soils. Samara tomatoes give good yields on light chernozems, on soils that are well warmed up and rich in organic matter. Heavy alkaline soil is of little use. On sandy and sandy loam soils, the harvest of Samara tomatoes is much lower, but the fruits ripen earlier.

Samara tomatoes are sensitive to the conditions of mineral nutrition. Lack of phosphorus in the soil causes a delay in the development of plants, negatively affects the formation of generative organs, and also delays the supply of nitrogen. Lack of potassium reduces the rate of photosynthesis, as well as resistance against fungal diseases.

N (nitrogen) 60-90, P (phosphorus) 80-90, K (potassium) 90-120 should be added. When growing Samara tomatoes in a seedless way, simultaneously with sowing seeds, 0.5 c / ha of granulated superphosphate is applied.

Samara fruits show resistance to cracking. Cladosporium disease, tobacco mosaic virus and fusarium wilting do not affect this tomato variety due to its excellent immunity.

It is recommended to grow Samara tomatoes in the Central region of our country.