Tomato Moskvich

The unpretentiousness and productivity of the Moskvich variety, including for the northern regions, has been fully proven in practice. This wonderful, versatile crop is confidently grown in the northern regions of the country.

Moskvich has been in the State Register since 1976. It was obtained by employees of the Institute of General Genetics named after V.I. NI Vavilova, Glavinich RD and Toropkina MN by crossing the varieties Nevsky and Smena 373. The crop is intended for cultivation in various regions of Russia, including the northern regions - Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Komi and Karelia. It is clear that the conditions there are not entirely favorable for nightshade crops; nevertheless, the variety is successfully cultivated and gives good yields.

The culture is determinant, universal and early maturing. In open soils, ripe fruits are removed already on the 90-95 day of development. In a cool summer, the harvesting period increases by 10-14 days. The plant stops its growth when forming up to 3-4 brushes on the main stem.

The bushes of the culture are standard, strong, 28-40 cm high, with medium branching and foliage. Leaves of dark green shades, corrugated, medium size.

The inflorescences are simple, the first appears above 6-8 leaves, and then after 1-2 leaves.

In the absence of pinching, the bushes grow strongly, and when the stepsons are eliminated in the region of the lower flower brush, fruiting starts earlier, the tomatoes are larger, but their number decreases. With moderate pinching, the bushes are planted more often - up to 8 pcs. / m2. Due to this, the yield increases.

There is an opinion that the bushes of the variety can not be tied up. But in this case, under the mass of fruits, individual parts of the plant will be on the ground, stimulating the occurrence of late blight.

There is a high level of adaptability of the variety to any weather whims, as well as resistance to most diseases of nightshade crops.

Good adaptability and short stature make it possible to grow these tomatoes on a windowsill or on a balcony.

Fruits are round and flat-round in configuration, slightly ribbed, with a smooth skin. 3-6 of them develop on the hand. The color of unripe tomatoes is greenish, with a dark green speck around the stalk. Ripe tomatoes are red. Their average weight is within 55-75 g.

The consistency is juicy and fleshy, the proportion of dry ingredients is up to 6%.

The taste of tomatoes is pleasantly sweet, the sugar content is about 3%.

The ripening period of the culture is 95-110 days. Fruits are harvested from July 1 to August 15.

The yield level reaches 146-445 c / ha (1.5-4.5 kg / m2).

The recommended time for sowing seeds for seedlings is March 20-30, and planting in open soil is May 15-25.

The standard planting pattern is 60 x 30-40 cm, with a placement density of 4-5 pieces / m2.

This open soil crop is grown using seedlings. It should be sown at the end of March (sometimes in early April - according to the weather). At this time, there is already enough illumination and the bushes will not stretch out.

Seeds collected or purchased in a special store require pre-sowing preparation, since they can contain pathogens of various diseases. For this reason, they are disinfected with a manganese solution (1% or in a warm 2% solution of hydrogen peroxide, keeping the seeds for about 20 minutes, and in peroxide for about 8 minutes). At the end of the process, the seeds are washed in running water, and then soaked in a growth stimulator (no more than 18 hours).

Swollen seeds are subject to immediate sowing, since during a pause, the level of their germination decreases.

The seed mixture includes (in equal proportions) peat purchased soil, a proportion of sand and a proportion of vermicompost. The composition is moistened and filled into containers. Do not forget about the holes in the containers for the water drain.

It is allowed to sow seeds directly into separate small containers. Then they can be grown without picking, moving them after 3-4 weeks in a large container (2 seeds can be placed in each).

After the emergence of shoots, excess bushes are not eliminated, but cut off so as not to injure the roots of the seedlings.

The containers are filled with the ready-made mixture, grooves are made in them with a depth of 1.5 cm (the distance between them is about 2 cm, the same as between the seeds in a row). Sprinkled seeds can be covered with snow - melt water is useful for them (it increases the energy potential of germination and has a positive effect on hardening).

Plastic bags are put on containers with seeds, and they are placed in a warm place (while the plants do not require light). The light will become necessary when the first shoots appear - the containers are placed on a light, preferably southern windowsill. At the same time, reducing the daytime and nighttime temperatures for 3-4 days to +12 and +17 degrees, respectively. So the seedlings will not stretch up.

In the future, the temperature regime should be maintained stably - during the day not less than +20 and not more than +22, and at night - 3-4 degrees cooler.

Seedlings of the variety require an irrigation regime (according to the condition of the soil). It is advisable to add HB101 stimulator (1 drop per liter) to warm and settled water weekly during irrigation. Seedling growth will increase markedly.

The appearance of two real leaves will remind you of the upcoming pick of seedlings. They are placed in separate, preferably opaque containers, carefully handling the roots.

You should not touch the leaves of the seedlings, let alone the stems. Better to use a teaspoon.

At the end of the picking, the seedlings are shaded for several days from direct sunlight, and then they are irrigated and fertilized twice with soluble fertilizers (half the concentration than when feeding in open soils). The one and a half month seedling preparation is over - it is ready for transplantation.

The Muscovite prefers fertile soil. Therefore, the beds must be prepared in the fall, adding during digging about a bucket of humus or high-quality rotted compost per 1 m2. Superphosphate is also added at this time (up to 70 g / m2). In the spring, during the harrowing period, add 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate and about two glasses of ash.

As soon as the soil becomes warmer (more than +15), the young are planted. A hole is prepared for each bush, which is abundantly irrigated with warm water.

Planting is followed by a mulching process. Then the plants are covered with non-woven material - they will take root better.

The care process consists in regular irrigation of plants with settled water (once a week before flowering and 2 times during flowering and pouring tomatoes). When the crop is formed, watering is reduced.

Top dressing is carried out every two weeks, depending on the degree of soil fertility. A complete, soluble fertilizer is useful, including the trace elements necessary for the variety. During the beginning of flowering, the application of potassium is increased by feeding with calcium nitrate (as a preventive measure against top rot).

After irrigation, the soil must be loosened. Hilling is carried out twice during the season, preferably after irrigation or rain.

Although Moskvich is sufficiently resistant to various infections, it is worth spraying it several times during the season. For this, various solutions are used. A traditional Bordeaux liquid or garlic tincture is a good option.

The culture is resistant to unfavorable growing conditions (even to sharp temperature fluctuations), cold-resistant.