Country greenhouse: types and their features

The construction of a greenhouse in the country has a number of subtleties and nuances. After all, a lot of types of structures, covering materials and projects have already been created. Having made a mistake with the choice, you can face very unpleasant consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to study the different types of products in advance before purchasing.

The dacha greenhouse is fundamentally different from the urban version. In winter and early spring, no one cleans off the snow from it, does not protect various influences. So these parameters must be taken into account. Otherwise, the requirements for the maintenance of the structure are the same as for ordinary greenhouses and greenhouses. Some of the structures are intended for short-term use, in order, for example, to obtain early crops.

In this case, there is no need to use a greenhouse of great height, a collapsible structure is quite enough, which takes up very little space during storage. Such products are relatively inexpensive, and if you take up the assembly yourself, you will have to pay almost nothing at all. More serious buildings are needed, of course, if it is planned to equip a full-fledged greenhouse, which will be operated throughout the growing season.

In this case, three conditions are necessary:

• ease of use;

• comfort for grown plants;

• affordable price.

There are many varieties of greenhouse designs. Most of them can be found on the websites or in the catalogs of various companies. But it is important to take into account the nuances of each variety so as not to be mistaken with the choice.

You can choose a greenhouse for a summer cottage or garden by its appearance and its compatibility with the concept of the site and the house. But it is clear that this in no way guarantees the stability of the structure or the receipt of consistently high yields. Therefore, when choosing a specific solution, it is worth focusing on the purpose of using the building. First of all, you need to decide whether a stationary or disassembled greenhouse would be more appropriate. In the first case, installation and maintenance worries are noticeably reduced.

Disassembled options will need to be installed and dismantled twice a year. But for those summer residents who visit their lands only in the summer months and are seriously afraid of theft, it is better to buy just such a product. Another important factor is the list of crops grown. Many of them require very specific growing conditions, and cannot get along in one room.

Additionally, they understand how to organize watering. Most modern greenhouses are equipped with automatic or semi-automatic plants. But if the amount of crops is small, and there is a desire to save money, it is more correct to prefer a regular watering can.

Hydroponicists will also have to choose between four different types of designs:

• wick;

• periodically flooded;

• aeroponic;

• with a floating platform.

And there is one more decisive circumstance - where and how exactly the greenhouse will be built.The place of installation, unlike other parameters, after purchase will be almost impossible to change. Any structure of this kind must simultaneously receive maximum solar energy and be minimally exposed to wind.

If the greenhouse will be delivered as an extension to the house, it is advisable to choose options with a pitched roof. Such a device is recognized by experts as the most practical, allowing you to save both building materials and the occupied territory. There is no particular difference between the various sides of the house, but it is still more rational to direct the roof slope to the south. Severely limited people can buy an arched greenhouse - it is relatively inexpensive, and the elimination of sharp corners reduces the need for covering material, but increases the operating time.

Pyramidal greenhouses can be found only occasionally, because this option has appeared relatively recently. It is mainly used by lovers of bold experiments. There is still not enough data to say whether this form really pays off, and how much better it is than other configurations. A rare option in Russian dachas is also a polygonal view of greenhouses. Its undeniable advantage is that due to the external structure, the heating of the internal space is accelerated.

The most rational dimensions of any greenhouse are:

• length 250 cm from base to ridge;

• the height of the lowest wall is 150 cm;

• width - 3.5 m (according to the generalization of the experience of experienced summer residents)

Having made the doors 100 cm wide, you can safely pass with a wheelbarrow, a bag of earth or buckets in your hands.

The so-called eco greenhouse deserves special attention. It is built in accordance with the ideas of permaculture, that is, it is aimed at reproducing the conditions of the wild as the most organic. Yields will be high, and at the same time environmentally friendly, since no pesticides are used. An eco greenhouse is the only viable option for home growing many crops from other climatic zones. Such a building is combined with a chicken coop located in an adjacent compartment.

Air is exchanged between the compartments through the ventilation ducts, which increases the concentration of carbon dioxide and ammonia in the greenhouse. To enhance the effect, solar thermal accumulators are used. The simplest options are containers filled with water or stones of various sizes.

Those who already have a greenhouse on the site or are just about to build it are interested in news from the field of tax legislation. Recently, information appeared that it is required to register outbuildings located on garden and summer cottages in order to pay a special tax on them. In reality, such a tax has been in effect since 1992, and there are no plans to even establish new fees at the moment.

The types of materials used are very important for gardeners and summer residents. The wood is suitable for framing, walls and partitions. It is easy to handle and relatively light, inexpensive and found in almost all hardware stores. Therefore, the material occupies one of the leading positions in the ranking of raw materials used to create a greenhouse.

But it must be said about the objective disadvantages of such a solution, among which the main one is the mandatory processing of raw materials with fire retardants and additives from decay. Such substances improve the quality of the structure and increase its service life. Only the price immediately increases from this.

Brick is more expensive and heavier than metal, it is strong, but fragile. In addition, brick structures will definitely have to be insulated.

If a greenhouse is built from gas silicate blocks, then insulation will certainly be required. The advantage of this option can be considered lightness and cheapness (in comparison with brick), as well as strength sufficient for most tasks.

Rack-type greenhouses are used when you need to get an early harvest of vegetables or mushrooms, to grow seedlings. Tall crops and tree seedlings cannot be grown there.

Most of the shelving greenhouses are constructed from polycarbonate because:

• It allows you to use the space under the shelving for different purposes.

• The illumination and maintenance of the tiers is improved.

• There is an opportunity to do hydroponics and aeroponics.

• It will be possible to germinate seeds if you fence off one corner with glass.

The use of glass as a covering material is quite common. It serves for a long time, but has serious drawbacks - heaviness and fragility. If you need to operate the greenhouse throughout the year, it is advisable to install not simple frames, but double-glazed windows. Shelter under the film is the cheapest, and yet one has to reckon with the negative aspects - low strength and poor level of thermal protection. Prefabricated greenhouses are mainly made of aluminum (extruded) or special plastic.

If the individual groove is too wide, rubber or plastic spacers can be used.to make up for the missing size. A plastic profile retains heat better than a metal one and costs a little less. Modern varieties of plastics are highly durable and allow you to grow a considerable harvest. There are standard requirements for covering materials.

Small greenhouses (both arched and rectangular) are in wide demand. The optimal material in this case is polycarbonate, and the roofs are most often gable or broken in shape. Small sizes are 3x4, 3x6 meters, and larger structures are made in 3x8 or even 3x12 m format. The best connections are achieved by special corners. But planks, bolts, ties and overlapping edges are less reliable.

The greenhouse, which is 5 m wide, is very suitable for a large number of beds. With the help of such a design, it will even be possible to turn the hobby of growing berries and vegetables into a permanent source of income. It is desirable that each connection of the frame parts is welded, and horizontal bridges are placed approximately every 0.66 m. If it is supposed to grow plants only in the summer, it will be possible to do without a powerful expensive foundation. The choice between collapsible and non-collapsible construction is dictated by the specific situation.

An excellent solution, judging by the feedback from consumers, is the Strela greenhouse: thanks to its unique design (a gable gabled roof, gradually turning into the walls), it gets rid of snow itself.Therefore, in winter, you do not have to go specially to the dacha, and, moreover, the building will successfully hold out until the onset of heat. Modifications "Delta" and "Zvezdochka" are no worse, but each of them has its own special subtleties that must be taken into account. Based on operating experience, arched greenhouses are less resistant to snow load.

• For all the importance of the utilitarian properties of greenhouses, one cannot but pay attention to their appearance. The photo shows an elegant glazed greenhouse with a pleasant green frame. Fancy-shaped doors that open outward immediately attract attention. Lifting windows, which are equipped with a gable roof, provide quick ventilation.
• And this is what a hemispherical greenhouse made of polycarbonate looks like. Carefully selected plants give it a special chic: you can immediately see that they are quite tall, but do not lack space. The passage between the beds is quite elegant.
• Here you can make sure that greenhouses made of aluminum and glass can also be decorations for the site. The sturdy house-like structure, set on a brick base, looks good at all. The composition is completed by several tapeworms planted around the greenhouse.

See below for more details.