Ceiling surface mounted LED luminaires

Light sources should provide uniform illumination and efficient energy consumption during long-term use.

Overhead models of ceiling LED luminaires are fully suitable for these criteria. They offer an optimal combination of light weight and compact size, which expands the possibilities of their use for lighting almost any surface. These are ceiling structures of various types, places with limited access to light in the form of recesses and niches, openings with non-standard geometry and narrow corridors.

Let's consider their varieties, advantages and possibilities in the lighting design of premises, and also find out how not to miscalculate with the choice of overhead LED devices.

Lightweight miniature overhead lamps can be installed on ceilings and walls made of any material: gypsum board, slats, boards, plastic panels. The name of the surface-mounted luminaires is due to the fact that the installation of all components and the body is carried out directly on the surface to be fixed, and there is no need to use the inter-ceiling space.

Regardless of the decorative design, overhead LED devices work on the same principle. The luminaire consists of a lamp - it can be one or more diodes, which affects the strength of the glow. The circuit of the simplest models includes two components: diodes and a damping resistor.

The internal structure of more complex models is presented:

• Converter;
• Induction coil;
• Current stabilizing driver;
• Additional protection that neutralizes static electricity and impulse short-term interference in the power supply network;
• Heat sink - a radiator responsible for thermoregulation of the luminaire during operation.

The light elements are connected by a single circuit connected to the components of the power supply, which provides interaction with the control circuit. Shades are made of metal or plastic.

The basic parameters of LED lighting make it a confident leader among the currently used artificial light sources - incandescent lamps, halogen and fluorescent devices.

The popularity of LED lighting solutions is due to their exceptional qualities:

• High energy efficiency. Unlike incandescent lamps, the power consumption of diode-based luminaires is 10 times lower, and compared to fluorescent lamps, they can save up to 40% on electricity bills.

• Reliability combined with durability and safety. There are no glass cases and filaments in the design of LED lamps, so they can easily withstand shocks and vibrations while maintaining operating parameters.
• Silent operation without dangerous exposure to ultraviolet rays. The operation of gas-discharge devices is characterized by squeaks, clicks, one-time shutdown and generation of UV rays, while diode lamps produce an even flicker-free glow without the listed side effects.
• Large operating temperature range: -60 ° - + 50 ° C, therefore difficult operating conditions do not affect their functionality.
• Wide beam angle: 10 ° -360 °.
• The duration of the service life. They are capable of continuous operation for 10 years, which is 100 times higher than the capabilities of incandescent lamps.
• Easy to install without the need for an electronic ballast.

Disadvantages:

• They are more expensive than other devices, in particular, fluorescent lamps.
• Possibility of degradation. During the 4-5 year period of operation, there is a loss of luminescence brightness. It will not be possible to ignore this minus, since the payback period of the luminaires is equal to the indicated period of loss of the luminous flux. Therefore, it is so important to purchase certified lighting equipment with a mandatory guarantee.
• Not everyone is satisfied with the white glow emitted by diodes. Staying in a room with this kind of light can be accompanied by discomfort in the eyes.

The assortment line of surface-mounted luminaires is distinguished by a wide variety of models.

There are models designed to fit various types of ceiling structures - these are Armstrong stretch ceilings, suspended ceilings and ceilings.

The basic requirements for LED devices remain unchanged and relate to their safety, functionality and efficiency in terms of energy consumption.

There are several categories of lamps.that meet the following factors, and therefore the models are classified:

• At the place of installation - this group is represented by wall, ceiling and recessed furniture lighting solutions.

• By the purpose of the premises: for living rooms, hallways, nurseries, offices, kitchens, utilitarian and utility rooms - storerooms, dressing rooms, halls, hallways.

• By form: plafonds of surface-mounted LED lamps can have various geometric shapes - triangle, square, rectangle, ellipse, circle, linear design.

• By body design: with thin and standard.
• By scope: they are interior, landscape, emergency, to create architectural light and street lighting.

• By design features: can be overhead external, embedded, with external / embedded drivers.

Overhead LED luminaires may differ in functionality.

According to this criterion, models are distinguished:

• Stationary on a bracket that provides a fixed fixation of the lamp.

• Swivelequipped with a swivel mechanism to change the direction of the light flux to any point in space at an angle of up to 360 °, which expands the possibilities of zoning and creating architectural light.

• With / without a reflective element - reflector. Thanks to the reflector that reflects the light flux, screen surfaces and mirrors in the room will not reflect glare.
• Point / Traditional Localization. The first type of luminaire is ideal for organizing accent lighting, while the capabilities of traditional lamps are limited to creating extremely full lighting.

• With a remote control - universal models. They are equipped with a remote control panel that allows you to adjust the strength of the luminous flux.

Separately, it is worth noting the models of smart LED devices, controlled by a conventional switch, with which the parameters of brightness and color temperature are set.

Recessed lighting solutions with LEDs allow you to create main lighting or accent lighting to define the boundaries of functional segments and highlight individual elements.

The organization of spot lighting is an effective way to diversify the design and emphasize the features of the architecture of the space. The design of the spot is represented by the front part, which includes a lighting element, a diffuser, a reflector, various decor and a body hidden by the work surface.

Lamps are capable of emitting a glow in several color variations, which can be cold neon, warm sunny, daytime white, multicolor. The models differ in the angle of the luminous flux: for narrow-beam luminaires, this parameter is limited to 45 °, and for wide-directional light sources, it can be 360 ​​°.

They are installed using special fasteners - spring brackets on a previously prepared surface with insertion points with a diameter less than the front of the spot in order to mask the mounting slots. After assembling the wiring and pulling the fasteners to the luminaire, its body part is placed in the hole.

Built-in wardrobes, similar to separate rooms used for dressing rooms, are unrealistic to equip with ordinary chandeliers and sconces due to the massiveness of such devices. In such cases, the organization of spot lighting helps out, increasing the functionality of wardrobes and sliding wardrobes, greatly increasing the level of comfort when using them.

The widespread adoption of Armstrong suspended ceiling systems, which equip production facilities and commercial premises, has led to the development of models of LED devices that are embedded in ceiling structures without violating their integrity. Such lamps and slabs of suspended structures have identical dimensions of 600 x 600, so installation is reduced to placing lighting devices in the ceiling cells.

Surface mounted ceiling luminaires, combined with Armstrong pendant slabs, create an interesting design with an uneven ceiling surface. Reliability of fixation of lamps is provided by special mounts.

Models of linear luminaires are built into lath and plaster ceiling structures and wall partitions made of gypsum plasterboard. Thanks to the connecting elements, two installation options are available - with the formation of a single light line or the creation of light transitions from one surface to another at different angles.

The design of the linear type device includes an aluminum case, a diffuser made of high-quality plastic, a board with diodes. Placing linear models with a solid line eliminates the formation of a dark spot effect, which makes it possible to create whimsical compositions with a uniform glow.

The scope of their application is apartments, offices, production facilities, warehouses, greenhouse pavilions.

Light sources equipped with a motion sensor are used when it is necessary to organize the illumination of places with limited power supply or when there is no need for constant illumination of objects. To operate such devices, you need four batteries - AAA batteries. Due to the lamp of six diodes, they are able to provide powerful illumination of the premises.

A distinctive feature of models with motion sensors is a service life of up to 3 months, as long as the battery life allows.In addition, they have adjustable brightness, sensor sensitivity and turn-off delay time. Scope - lighting flight stairs, basements, corridors and halls.

These models of LED fixtures are highly sealed due to the fact that the steel frame is attached to the body with four screws. Models of dust and moisture resistant luminaires are designed for installation in gypsum ceiling structures and T15 / T24 suspended ceiling systems. The package includes special mounting brackets.

The area of ​​application is production facilities where increased requirements for cleanliness are imposed: these are enterprises producing pharmaceuticals, food products and microelectronics.

The dimensions of overhead models are determined by the area of ​​use, so there is no single standard for dimensions for them. Low-cost ceiling luminaires most often have dimensions 600 x 600, which simplifies their installation in type-setting suspended ceilings.

The small fixtures with a small diameter of 40 mm measure 395 x 395. Compared to standard Armstrong LED ceiling fixtures, the compact models are shorter in length, width and depth. The size of large surface-mounted luminaires with a diameter of 50 mm is 595 x 595, they are mainly used for office lighting.

Lighting solutions with diodes have different shapes:

• Round;
• Square;
• Rectangular, which is typical for built-in models, along with the first two forms.
• Triangular - it can be found among the recessed lighting solutions for furniture, in addition to the standard round / square design.
• Cylindrical.

The first four types of shades are convex, round and flat, and for cylindrical models, the shade is made in the form of a glass.

The design of flat cylindrical models, refined due to its simplicity, makes them universal solutions for the interior of any style. Their performance may differ in the number of glasses, models can be single, paired, triple with four or more lamps.

Surface mounted ceiling lights are completely safe.

The body can be metal - made of brass, steel, cast aluminum or plastic.

Diffusers are made using polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate (organic glass). Interior models are decorated with crystal pendants, the edges of which create a beautiful play of light. Glass shades can be transparent or opaque, which affects the brightness of the light - more saturated or muted, soft.

The colors of the lamps can be completely different - from standard white to elegant gold and the design in fashionable shades of silver metallic.

Actual color solutions:

• Beige lamps are a universal option for any interiors, regardless of whether the design is dominated by cold shades or warm colors.
• White models will perfectly complement the interior decor in black, red, gold, silver.
• Brown models - their choice should be thoughtful. The brown palette contains various gradations, and in order to correctly fit them into the overall color scheme, it is important to take into account the color temperature of the interior.

• Lamps in red design are adored by designers, actively filling the space of gray interiors with daring light compositions interspersed with red, which is often found in Techno-design, floristic, ethnic and modern styles.
• Black lamps will never lose their relevance due to the ability of black to blend in with most shades, creating bizarre, sometimes shocking combinations. The most successful pairs for black are white, beige and blue.
• Gold-colored lamps are a luxurious option for lighting solutions with LEDs. Lamps with shiny shades or individual golden details can complement any room decoration, both dark and light.

It is especially worth considering the choice of models of spotlights for a stretch ceiling for a home. In such cases, they are guided primarily by the parameters of the degree of heating in order to avoid deformations and sagging of the structures, not to mention the damaged film.

Stretch ceilings are characterized by increased sensitivity to high temperatures. The heated bar begins to melt and become stained. For GKL ceilings, the power of the lamps is not important, the main thing here is high-quality ventilation of suspended structures.

Much depends on the quality of the materials themselves. When you have to deal with structures made of thin soft panels, it is advisable to equip them with low-power devices, but in larger quantities, thereby achieving the desired degree of illumination.

When choosing models for the bathroom, it is important to consider the availability of protection against moisture and splash water. The waterproof spots are designed to operate under these conditions thanks to their IP rating of 44 or higher.

The photo gallery contains examples of the use of overhead ceiling and wall LED lamps in the interiors of apartments, private houses and offices.

For information on how to choose and install linear LED luminaires, see the following video: