Currant Black Pearl

Currant Black Pearl
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Zvyagina T.S., Sergeeva K.D., Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Federal Scientific Center named after I.V. Michurin '
  • Appeared when crossing: Minaj Shmyrev x Bradthorpe
  • Year of approval: 1992
  • Ripening terms: average ripening
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Yield: very productive
  • Appointment: universal
  • Berry weight, g: up to 2.5-2.7
  • Tasting assessment: 4,2
  • Escapes: growing shoots are medium, curved, green, not pubescent, shiny; ligneous - medium, geniculate, grayish with a yellowish blush along the entire length, shiny
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Currant Black Pearl - versatile, with an excellent presentation of berries, is rightfully considered one of the best among mid-season varieties. The lush bushes of this plant thrive both in cold climatic zones and in the Caucasus. According to its characteristics, this currant surpasses many other analogues; it is chosen by both private gardeners and farmers who are growing fruits for sale.

Breeding history

The Black Pearl variety was registered in the State Register of the Russian Federation in 1992. It was obtained by crossing currants Minai Shmyrev x Bredthorp by employees of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center named after IV Michurin". They registered their application for admission back in 1985, but the variety trials took quite a long time.

Description of the variety

Black currant of this variety has a shoot height of up to 130 cm, forms a slightly spreading crown. Moderate foliage, well permeable to sunlight. On an adult bush, there are always 2 types of shoots - lignified grayish-yellow and young green, medium-sized. Leaf plates with a cut into 5 lobes are brightly colored.

The conical brushes of this currant look unusual. They are formed as medium and long, on average 4-7 cm in each. Under the weight of the bunches, the shoots during the harvesting period may slightly droop, sag.

Characteristics of berries

The fruits on the bushes are black, with a dull sheen, with a dense skin. The size varies from medium to large with an average weight of each berry up to 2.5-2.7 g. The pulp is juicy, the number of seeds inside is average.

Taste qualities

The berries are sweet and sour, pleasant. Refreshing taste with a good balance of nuances. The tasting grade is about 4.2 points.

Ripening and fruiting

This variety of black currant has average maturity dates. Fruiting is not simultaneous, regular, lasts from 10 to 20 July. The bushes are fast-growing, yield a harvest for 2 years from the moment of planting. The bushes retain the yield of berries up to 12-16 years.

The fruiting of currants depends on the variety, on the region in which it grows, what is the care for it, whether all agrotechnical measures are followed. In black currant, flower buds form on branches that are one year old. So the first small crop can be harvested the next year after planting. Full fruiting begins from the third year of the shrub's life.

Yield

The variety is very productive, highly appreciated by farmers for its impressive harvest volumes - up to 8.7 t / ha or up to 2.6 kg per bush.

Growing regions

The variety is zoned for cultivation in Western and Eastern Siberia, in the Central Black Earth Region, in the North Caucasus, the Urals and the Middle Volga. In the northern regions, it is rarely grown due to the high risk of powdery mildew damage.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The Black Pearl currant has a high self-fertility.

Landing

Plants need to be placed in a well-lit area. Black pearls are not very picky about the fertility of the soils on which they grow, but they demonstrate consistently high yields on loams, sandy loams with a light composition and a sufficient amount of moisture.Stagnation of water at the roots is detrimental to the plant. The soil is preliminarily prepared, cleared of weeds, with high acidity it is lime, fertilizers and sand are added to it, if the soil is dense.

Seedlings must also be carefully selected. A well-developed plant with a well-formed root system, 2-3 strong shoots about 30 cm long is suitable. Live buds should be present on the branches. A pit for such a plant is needed not too large, 40 × 50 cm in size and up to 0.5 m deep. It is recommended to put a mixture of compost, sand, mineral fertilizers inside, and moisten the soil well.

When planting, the plant is set in a hole slightly obliquely, the roots are carefully straightened. The hole is then filled with garden soil. At this time, the seedling is shaken slightly to compact the soil. The root collar drops 6-8 cm below the edge of the pit. The planted plant is watered with a bucket of water, the soil around it is covered with a thick layer of straw, peat or humus.

The best time for planting is the 3rd decade of September. It is worth focusing on the average atmospheric temperatures of + 8 ... 10 degrees. Adding soil in the root zone will help protect young currants from frost. The layer of mulch also increases.

Not a single garden plot can do without currants. This fragrant and healthy berry is very popular. When planting currants, you need to take into account many factors and nuances. It is necessary to choose the right planting material, determine the location, and competently prepare the soil.

Growing and care

When growing Black Pearl currants, do not forget that only the correct formation of the bush will provide it with a good yield. Immediately after planting, the shoots are shortened, keeping 2-4 living buds on them. This will stimulate lateral branching. For the next 2-3 years, only the root shoots at the base of the bush will have to be cut. By the age of five, the currant will take on the appearance of a fully formed plant.

Branches of different ages should be preserved on fruiting bushes. After formation, it will be possible to perform annual sanitation, removing frozen, diseased, broken off branches in the spring. Old fruiting shoots are not affected, but young ones that do not give sufficient growth are removed.

It is important to maintain the soil in good condition, loosen it regularly and water it if there is not enough moisture in it. When processing the soil, there is no need to deeply deepen the tool. It is enough to immerse the teeth 60-80 mm in order not to damage the root system. After 12-15 years, the bush is divided or transplanted so that it does not lose its ability to bear fruit.

Fertilizing the plant will not be required immediately. If fertilizers were laid during planting, they will have to be applied the next time after 2-3 years of active growing season. In spring, the bushes will benefit from urea and other nitrogen-rich fertilizers. During the fruiting period, as well as in the fall, after harvesting, the plants are saturated with potassium and phosphorus.

The most important step in caring for currants is the correct moisture of the crop throughout the growing season. Due to errors in watering, you can lose most of the crop and get small and tasteless berries.
Pruning is an indispensable element of caring for any fruit shrubs, including currants. If you carry out this agrotechnical procedure at the optimal time and do it correctly and regularly, the result will not slow down to affect the quality and quantity of berries grown.
Competent preparation of currants for winter is the key to a good harvest for next year. Autumn care for currants and preparation for cold weather includes the following stages: pruning, watering, feeding, treatment from diseases and pests, shelter.
In the process of growing currants, timely feeding is an important part of care.Organic and mineral elements are necessary not only for the harmonious growth of the bush, but also for the formation of the crop. During the entire growing season, the plant needs different substances, which is important to consider when choosing a fertilizer.

Disease and pest resistance

The bushes are practically not affected by diseases, relatively resistant to anthracnose. Well protected from kidney mites. Powdery mildew affects moderately. In regions with late summer and temperate climates, it is imperative to carry out preventive treatment of bushes with copper-containing fungicides. They will protect the bushes from disease, help boost their immunity.

If a spider mite, sawfly, aphids are detected on the bushes, insecticides should be used for spraying.

Currant is one of the most favorite crops of gardeners, it can be found on almost any personal plot. In order for the currant berries to be tasty and large, and the bush itself to be healthy and strong, you should properly care for, treat and protect the plant from harmful insects. It is important to recognize the signs of the disease in a timely manner and begin treatment in the early stages of plant damage.

Resistance to adverse climatic conditions

The currant is winter-hardy, it can withstand temperatures down to -35 degrees.

If there is a need to increase the size of the plantings of currants or to rejuvenate the shrub, then you can propagate the currants yourself. You can propagate currants in different ways: green cuttings, lignified cuttings and layering. Each of the procedures is a vegetative propagation of currants and allows you to get full-fledged seedlings without much effort.

Review overview

The Black Pearl variety managed to spread throughout Russia. Gardeners' reviews about him are mostly positive. It is noted that the bushes are weakly susceptible to fungal diseases, insects are also rarely found on them, which means that there is no need for preventive treatments. The variety is especially appreciated for its proven properties and consistent yield.

Among the obvious advantages of this currant, summer residents note the ability of berries to be stored on a bush for a long time without losing the taste and density of the skin. Taste and aroma are especially vividly revealed during processing - in jam, jam. They are advised to be frozen for winter desserts, dried to a raisin state, and dried. The bushes show their best qualities when planted in dry high places, but in the lowlands the plants may well begin to hurt, harvests will be later and scarce.

Main characteristics
Authors
T.S. Zvyagina, K. D. Sergeeva, I.V. Michurin '
Appeared when crossing
Minaj Shmyrev x Bradthorpe
Year of approval
1992
View
black
Appointment
universal
Yield
very productive
Average yield
8.7 t / ha (2.6 kg / bush)
Transportability
good
Marketability
high
Bush
Growth type
medium-sized
Description of the bush
slightly spreading
Bush height, cm
130
Escapes
growing shoots are medium, curved, green, not pubescent, shiny; ligneous - medium, geniculate, grayish with a yellowish blush along the entire length, shiny
Sheet
five-bladed, medium, green and light green
Flowers
medium, goblet
Brush
medium and long, tapered
Brush, cm
4—7
Berries
Berry color
black with a dull sheen
Berry size
medium and large
Berry weight, g
up to 2.5-2.7
Berry shape
rounded or rounded oval
Skin
dense
Taste
sweet and sour, refreshing
Berry composition
soluble solids - 17.7%, total sugars - 9.3%, titratable acidity - 3.6%, ascorbic acid - 133.3 mg / 100 g, P-active substances - 1226.0 mg / 100 g
Separation of berries
dry
Seeds, size
large
Seeds, quantity
average amount
Pulp
juicy
Pectin substances,%
1,6
Tasting assessment
4,2
Growing
Self-fertility
high
Winter hardiness
hardy
Soil requirements
not picky about soil fertility, but to obtain high stable yields, it is better to grow on fertile loamy or sandy loam soils well supplied with moisture, light texture
Location
bright areas
Growing regions
Central Black Earth Region, North Caucasian, West Siberian, Middle Volga, Ural, East Siberian
Suitability for mechanized harvesting
Yes
Disease and pest resistance
resistant to diseases and garden pests
Powdery mildew resistant
medium resistant
Anthracnose resistance
relatively stable
Kidney mite resistance
stable
Maturation
Ripening terms
average ripening
Fruiting period
from 10 to 20 July
Early maturity
early
Maturation features
non-simultaneous
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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