Tula black plum

Tula black plum
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Tula
  • Name synonyms: Bryansk late, Tula prunes, Winter blue, Meshchovsky prunes
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Crown: spreading, dense, oval
  • Tree height, m: 2,5-4,5
  • Fruit size: medium
  • Fruit weight, g: 18-20
  • Fruit shape: rounded oval
  • Fruit color: dark blue, almost black, with a gray waxy bloom
  • Skin : thin
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Good winter hardiness, coupled with excellent taste characteristics, is very difficult to combine in one fruit tree: any breeder can confirm this. An example of such a variety can be the homemade late plum Tula black, which is one of the crops that represent the top ten varieties of the Central region.

Breeding history

This local Tula variety has been known for a very long time. It was first described in the 50s of the XX century by the famous gardener and agronomist G. Ya. Silver Tula black is considered the result of the so-called folk selection. The researchers concluded that this is a successful seedling, which was grown from the stone of some unknown plum variety. It took root, then began to spread from site to site. But there is also another version. It is believed that the culture is based on cross-pollination of the Hungarian plum. Unfortunately, nothing is known about the other parental culture.

By the way, this plum will probably hold the record for the number of names. It is called differently:

  • Bryansk late;
  • Tula prunes;
  • Winter blue;
  • Meshchovsky prunes.

Description of the variety

First of all, Tula black is loved by gardeners because it is a very neat, compact plant with an oval and dense crown. The height can vary from 2.5 to 4.5 m. There are a lot of foliage on the branches, the leaf plates are lanceolate, dark green. Plum blooms with white flowers, they can be either single or as part of umbrella inflorescences, grouped by 3-5 flowers. At the same time, there will be both male and female flowers on the same tree.

There are many virtues of culture:

  • bears fruit regularly, without skipping;
  • self-fertile;
  • the fruits are delicious;
  • excellent immunity to disease;
  • easy separation of the pulp from the bone.

As for the disadvantages:

  • in drought, fruits may fall off;
  • the taste of fruits depends entirely on the climate conditions in the area;
  • insufficiently high winter hardiness.

Fruit characteristics

The plum cannot be called large. Fruits, as a rule, are small, 18-20 grams each, sometimes they grow up to 30 g. The shape is rounded-oval, the abdominal suture is poorly expressed. Plums have a thin, dense skin, it is dark blue, almost black, but sometimes a reddish tint can be observed. And also Tula black can always be recognized by a pronounced gray wax bloom on the fruits.

Taste qualities

The plum pulp is medium in density, but at the same time it is extremely juicy and also sweet. The skin adds a slight sourness. Fruits are eaten fresh with pleasure, but more often they are used in the preparation of preparations: preserves, jams, dried fruits, and so on. Unfortunately, on a five-point scale, taste is not rated too high - 4.1.

Ripening and fruiting

The culture begins to bear fruit only 4 even 5 years after planting. This applies to self-rooted seedlings, but grafted fruits will appear a year or two earlier.

Late plum Tula black begins to bear fruit at the junction of summer and autumn.That is, it is the end of August and the beginning of September.

After planting a plum sapling on the site, of course, the question of the beginning of the fruiting of the tree always arises. Most varieties of plums begin to bear fruit 4 years after the seedling is planted. However, there are those that differ in an earlier or later period of fruiting. The difference in the beginning of fruiting is determined by the color of the plum. So, purple varieties always begin to bear fruit earlier - by 2-4 years, but yellow varieties differ in later fruiting.

Yield

The standard yield of plums is 12-14 kg per tree, but with good care you can achieve 50 kg. Fruiting is regular.

Growing regions

Culture is growing not only in the Tula region. It is happily grown in the Moscow region, where it is very common, in the Kaluga region, as well as in many territories of the North-West region of the Russian Federation.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

Tula black is self-fertile. She does not need pollinators, and this is one of the main advantages of culture. However, if a home plum is planted nearby, the productivity of the Tulskaya Black variety will double.

Growing and caring

A site for planting Tula black should be chosen well-lit by the sun, but closed from drafts. The culture does not tolerate drought well, so it is better to choose a low-lying place on the site.

The landing pit is prepared in advance, three to four days before the landing procedure. A size of 60 by 70 cm will be enough. The upper 30-centimeter layer of soil from the pit must be mixed with 20 kg of compost and 400 g of nitrophosphate, mixed, and then put back into the hole by a third, alternating with clean soil. In the center of the hole, you need to drive a long pole; it will be needed as a support for a young tree. After planting, the seedling is watered with 20 liters of water. When organizing a plum garden between the trees in each row, as well as between the rows, you need to leave 3 m of space - the plants need food.

The taste of the Tula black fruit always depends on the number of sunny days: the more sunlight there was in the season, the sweeter the fruit will be. Therefore, it is better to plant the crop in the sun. And also the closer to the south, and the warmer the climate, the sweeter the fruits of the Tula black.

They take care of the plum using the classical method: it is watered correctly, especially in a drought, and all the necessary dressing is given. Fertilizers will be needed during the period of ovary formation. The soil is loosened, get rid of weeds, you can resort to mulching. Pruning should be done annually starting from the 5th year of the tree's existence.

For normal development and timely release to fruiting, the plum must be planted at a favorable time, provided with food and water. It is necessary to choose the right seedling, determine the location, prepare the planting pit in advance.
If you wish to get a full harvest in the future, and to renew the tree, the plum is grafted onto crops that are classified as pink. In this case, the plum cuttings are implanted on the mother plant, which will be responsible for further vegetation and nutrition of the scion.
Pruning plums is not easy and very important. If it is not carried out, the number of branches on the tree will be excessive, the crown will become too thick, the fruits will begin to shrink. You can trim plums in spring, summer and fall.
Plum feeding is one of the important stages of fruit crop care. In order to properly and fully feed the plum tree, various types of fertilizers are used. Both mineral and organic options are used. Many of the folk remedies are found to be useful and effective.

Despite the fact that plum is considered more hardy than many fruit trees, it is not immune from diseases. It is attacked by viral, fungal and bacterial infections, and parasitic insects harm it. It is necessary to notice and recognize the signs of plum disease in time. They are easier to deal with and defeat early on.Well, in order to protect the garden tree from such a misfortune in the future, preventive procedures can be carried out.

Resistance to soil and climatic conditions

Despite the fact that the variety is able to withstand frosts down to -35 degrees, with sudden changes in temperature after the next thaw, the tree can freeze. However, the recovery is proceeding rather quickly.

Reproduction of plums will help save on planting material: you do not have to pay money for a seedling. In addition, this activity is simple and exciting. Plum can be propagated by cuttings, root shoots and layering.
Main characteristics
Authors
Tula
Name synonyms
Bryansk late, Tula prunes, Winter blue, Meshchovsky prunes
View
home
Appointment
for fresh consumption, for various types of processing, for the manufacture of dried fruits
Yield
good
Average yield
12-14 kg per tree (up to 50)
Transportability
low
Wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Tree height, m
2,5-4,5
Crown
sprawling, dense, oval
Leaves
oval-lanceolate, dark green, slightly serrated at the edges
Fruit
Fruit size
average
Fruit weight, g
18-20
Fruit shape
rounded oval
Fruit color
dark blue, almost black, with a gray waxy bloom
Skin
thin
Pulp (consistency)
juicy, medium density
Pulp color
yellow with a red tint
Taste
sweet and sour
Scent
weak
Bone size
average
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Shelf life of fruits
up to 25 days
Tasting assessment
4,1
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Winter hardiness
average
Crumbling
yes, during dry periods
Soil requirement
sod-podzolic, loamy, drained and calcified peatlands; not recommended for planting on heavy, acidic, alkaline or cold soil, clay will not work either
The need for feeding
necessary during the formation of the ovary
Moisture requirement
watering during dry periods; groundwater should be at a depth of 1-1.2 meters
Attitude to light
light-loving
Pruning
annual, sanitary, from 5 years of age
Growing regions
Moscow, Kaluga and Tula regions
Disease and pest resistance
good
Maturation
Early maturity
4-5 years after planting root-saplings, grafted - 1-2 years earlier
Ripening terms
late
Flowering time
in the end of May
Fruiting period
late August - early September
Regularity of fruiting
regular
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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