Plum Skorospelka red

Plum Skorospelka red
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: folk selection
  • Year of approval: 1947
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Crown: 100-shaped (oval-spherical), slightly spreading, of medium density or sparse
  • Tree height, m: 3,5
  • Fruit size: small
  • Fruit weight, g: 15-20
  • Fruit shape: rounded oval or ovoid, unequal
  • Fruit color: main color is pink-red, integumentary crimson-violet, waxy bloom is bluish
  • Skin : thin, with a waxy coating, easily removable, no pubescence, medium density
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Red early ripening is a popular variety of plum of home breeding. It is well adapted to the climate and conditions of the middle zone, it tolerates weather and climatic whims well. The purpose of the fruits is universal, but they have no prospects for commercial cultivation due to their low marketability.

Breeding history

The variety was approved for use in 1947. There is no exact information about breeding work. The most likely "parent" is the common Hungarian, which has undergone cross-pollination. It is known that the seedlings were delivered from the place where the famous Regel and Kesselring nursery was located earlier. It has been included in the VIR collection since 1926.

Description of the variety

Plants form in the form of a tree on a trunk or several trunks. The variety is medium-sized, reaching up to 3.5 m in height. The crown is hundred-shaped, close to an oval or ball, lush, slightly spreading. The density is medium or sparse. Skeletal branches are strong, strong, branch off from the trunk at an angle of no more than 50 degrees.

Shoots are greenish-brown, slightly curved, glabrous. Leaves are slightly pubescent along the bottom of the plate. The top is smooth, with a noticeable glossy sheen, painted green. The flowers are goblet or cupped, painted pink. The life span of this tree can reach 20-25 years.

Fruit characteristics

The plums of the Skorospelka variety have small red fruits with a thin skin with a noticeable waxy bloom. The pulp is yellow inside, it oxidizes rather quickly in air. The color of the fruits themselves is complex, pink-red at the base with a bright raspberry-purple cover. Wax deposits can cause the surface of the plums to appear bluish. The seeds have good separability from the pulp.

Taste qualities

Plums are sour-sweet, pleasant, refreshing, with a light aroma. They are stored after collection for no more than 25 days, they are quickly put into processing. The pulp is slightly dry, slightly sugary, with fine fibers.

Ripening and fruiting

The early maturity of a variety largely depends on how it is planted. For example, grafted plums give their first harvest in 3-4 years of planting. In terms of ripening, Skorospelka red belongs to the early varieties. Fruiting annually, without skipping, in the 2nd half of August or early September.

After planting a plum sapling on the site, of course, the question of the beginning of the fruiting of the tree always arises. Most varieties of plums begin to bear fruit 4 years after the seedling is planted. However, there are those that differ in an earlier or later period of fruiting. The difference in the beginning of fruiting is determined by the color of the plum. So, purple varieties always begin to bear fruit earlier - by 2-4 years, but yellow varieties differ in later fruiting.

Yield

In season, from an adult plum, you can collect 25-40 kg of ripe fruits.

Growing regions

The plum variety Skorospelka red is zoned for cultivation in the climatic zone of the northwest.It is also successfully cultivated in the Central Black Earth Region, on the Middle Volga.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The trees are partially self-fertile. When growing 1 tree in the garden, it will take a long time to wait for the harvest. It is pollinated by such varieties of plums as Renklode reform and collective farm, Hungarian Moscow, and others, with the same flowering dates, from about the 2nd decade of May.

Growing and care

The variety needs to be planted on light soils, protected from waterlogging. The representatives of this variety feel good on the hills, bathed in the sun. This plum is planted only in the spring, with placement in areas protected from the through wind. The soil under the seedling is dug up, freed from weeds, loosened, fertilized. Subsequent feeding will be needed after 3 years.

The branches of a young plum are immediately pruned, thinned out. Inflorescences are cut off completely for 1 year. Throughout the summer, trees will need a weekly watering of 10 liters of water.

For normal development and timely release to fruiting, the plum must be planted at a favorable time, provided with food and water. It is necessary to choose the right seedling, determine the location, prepare the planting pit in advance.
If you wish to get a full harvest in the future, and to renew the tree, the plum is grafted onto crops that are classified as pink. In this case, the plum cuttings are implanted on the mother plant, which will be responsible for further vegetation and nutrition of the scion.
Pruning plums is not easy and very important. If it is not carried out, the number of branches on the tree will be excessive, the crown will become too thick, the fruits will begin to shrink. You can trim plums in spring, summer and fall.
Plum feeding is one of the important stages of fruit crop care. In order to properly and fully feed the plum tree, various types of fertilizers are used. Both mineral and organic options are used. Many of the folk remedies are found to be useful and effective.

Disease and pest resistance

The variety is moderately susceptible to the development of diseases and pests. It is strongly affected by clasterosporium disease. Needs preventive treatments for aphids.

Despite the fact that plum is considered more hardy than many fruit trees, it is not immune from diseases. It is attacked by viral, fungal and bacterial infections, and parasitic insects harm it. It is necessary to notice and recognize the signs of plum disease in time. They are easier to deal with and defeat early on. Well, in order to protect the garden tree from such a misfortune in the future, preventive procedures can be carried out.

Reproduction of plums will help save on planting material: you do not have to pay money for a seedling. In addition, this activity is simple and exciting. Plum can be propagated by cuttings, root shoots and layering.

Review overview

According to summer residents, Skorospelka red has a lot of advantages. It is winter-hardy, it is also not afraid of drought, it easily takes root on a variety of soils. With its unpretentiousness, this plum literally won the people's love. Many gardeners mention that even out of season the tree looks very decorative due to the correct shape of the crown. Early maturity is also a big advantage; it will not take long to wait for the first harvest after planting.

The main breeding method for this variety is the active formation of root shoots. This greatly facilitates the work of summer residents when obtaining material for updating the garden.

The disadvantages of this variety are also quite easily detected by gardeners. For example, not everyone is happy with the small size of the fruit and the too dense fibrous pulp. And also a big drawback of this plum is the tendency to discard fruits with poor watering or delay in harvesting. The owners are not too happy with the fact that products of low commercial quality appear on the tree. Even such fruits are not allowed to be processed.

Main characteristics
Authors
folk selection
Year of approval
1947
View
home
Appointment
universal
Yield
good
Average yield
25-40 kg / wood
Marketability
low
Wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Tree height, m
3,5
Crown
100-shaped (oval-spherical), slightly spreading, of medium density or sparse
Branches
the main ones depart from the trunk at an angle of 30-50 °, fairly straight
Escapes
slightly curved, greenish-brownish, hairless
Leaves
medium, oblong-obovate, slightly concave, green, glossy, of medium thickness, glabrous above, slightly pubescent below
Flowers
cupped or cupped
Durability of wood
20-25 years old
Fruit
Fruit size
small
Fruit weight, g
15-20
Fruit shape
rounded oval or ovoid, unequal
Fruit color
the main color is pink-red, the integumentary crimson-violet, the waxy bloom is bluish
Subcutaneous points
dark, numerous
Abdominal suture
average
Skin
thin, with a waxy coating, easily removable, no pubescence, medium density
Pulp (consistency)
grainy-fibrous, medium density and juiciness, dryish, finely fibrous, low-sugar
Pulp color
yellow, darkens in the air
Taste
sour sweet
Scent
light
Bone size
average
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Shelf life of fruits
up to 25 days
Fruit composition
8.5% sugars, 13.6% solids, 2.1% acids, 1.08% pectin substances, 0.16% tannins and dyes, 8.4 mg / 100g ascorbic acid
Growing
Self-fertility
partially self-fertile
Pollinator varieties
Hungarian Moscow, Ochakovskaya black, Nikolskaya white, Renklod collective farm, Hungarian Pulkovskaya, Winter white, Renklod Reform
Winter hardiness
high
Crumbling
Yes
Soil requirement
easy
Moisture requirement
does not like waterlogging
Growing regions
North-West, Central, Central Black Earth, Middle Volga
Disease and pest resistance
average
Clasterosporium resistance
low
Maturation
Early maturity
vaccinated - 3-4 years after planting
Ripening terms
early
Flowering time
in the second half of May
Fruiting period
in the second half of August - early September
Regularity of fruiting
annual
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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