Plum Early

Plum Early
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: H.K. Enikeev, S.N. Satarova (selection VSTISP)
  • Appeared when crossing: Ussuriyskaya red x American plum Klaymax
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Crown: fan-shaped
  • Fruit size: medium
  • Fruit weight, g: 20
  • Fruit shape: rounded
  • Fruit color: the main color is yellow, the integumentary color is red, more intense on the sunny side of the fruit
  • Skin : dense with a waxy coating
  • Pulp (consistency): fine fiber, medium density, above average juiciness
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To grow a beautiful plum tree on the site, it needs to be properly cared for. This is not only timely pruning, but also watering, fertilizing, processing. Only in this case can you count on a rich harvest.

Description of the variety

Chinese plum Early-fruited grows to medium size. The crown is formed fan-shaped. The tree can live up to 21 years and produce a stable harvest.

Shoots are distinguished by a red-brown tint, glabrous. The leaves are light green with a wavy surface, there is pubescence on both sides.

Fruit characteristics

The fruits of this variety have good marketability, but the level of transportability is assessed as average.

Fruit weight up to 20 grams, round shape. The main color is yellow, there is a red cover. The skin is quite dense and has a waxy coating.

Taste qualities

The taste of plum is early fruiting, sweet with a strong aroma.

Ripening and fruiting

You can harvest after planting a tree for 3 years. This variety belongs to the early, blooms by mid-May, bears fruit from mid-August.

After planting a plum sapling on the site, of course, the question of the beginning of the fruiting of the tree always arises. Most varieties of plums begin to bear fruit 4 years after the seedling is planted. However, there are those that differ in an earlier or later period of fruiting. The difference in the beginning of fruiting is determined by the color of the plum. So, purple varieties always begin to bear fruit earlier - by 2-4 years, but yellow varieties differ in later fruiting.

Yield

The yield can be assessed as above average. It is possible to collect up to 9 kg of fruits from one tree.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

A fast-growing, self-fertile variety, so the plant requires pollinators. It is recommended to plant nearby varieties of Alycha or Red ball.

Growing and care

This tree does not tolerate acidic soil at all, while it requires a sunny place for planting.

It is best to plant the plant in the spring and as soon as possible, or in the fall - 1.5-2 months before the soil freezes. The planting hole should be 0.5 m deep and no more than 1 m wide. The root collar is placed 5 cm above the ground level during planting. This fruit tree does not tolerate concentrated fertilizers. After planting, it is watered abundantly with warm water.

The first feeding of Skoroplodnaya is a set of nutritious mineral and organic substances in the form of mineral fertilizers (calcium, potassium and phosphorus) and natural (compost, manure), which are then thoroughly mixed with the soil. The second time during the growing season. It is worth scattering fertilizer around the trees at a distance of 1.5 times the crown size. Foliar top dressing is also performed during the growing season, the plum is sprayed with liquid fertilizers designed specifically for this purpose.

In the first year of growth, the plant is not fed, and in the second, only nitrogen fertilization is used. To carry it out, a special mixture is prepared. For 10 liters of water, take 2 tablespoons of urea or mineral dressing. Each young tree consumes 30-35 liters.

After adding top dressing, you can dig up the top layer of soil to a depth of 15-20 cm around the stem. Annual dose per 1 sq. m:

  • 10 kg of manure or compost;

  • 25 g of urea;

  • 100 g superphosphate;

  • 200 g of wood ash;

  • 10 kg of peat.

If the tree begins to bear fruit regularly, the amount of organic fertilizer increases. For 1 square 15 kg of manure or compost.

When the time for fruiting comes, it is advisable to feed the Fast-growing plum three times a year - before flowering, while pouring the fruit and immediately after harvesting: for 10 liters of water / 2 tbsp. tablespoons of urea / 2 tbsp. tablespoons of potassium sulfate. During the application of top dressing, the soil must be loose and moist for the solution to give maximum effect.

You can use wood ash, which contains 17 minerals that are responsible for the good growth and fruiting of the early-fruited plum. In addition, this fertilizer reduces the acidity of the soil. In the case of an adult tree, 200-300 g of the substance will be needed.

Potassium-based top dressing is responsible for removing excess fluid from the branches and trunk of the tree. In autumn we use potassium chloride (100 g per tree).

It is imperative to use phosphorus supplements, which are responsible for the growth and strengthening of the root system, as well as for the absorption of sugar. Bone meal is suitable for plum The early fruiting is ideal. Dosage - 50 g per 1 sq. m. However, it is not used for growing plums on sandstone.

There are certain rules for applying top dressing in relation to the described variety.

  1. Liquid fertilizers are injected into specially created grooves at a distance of 60-80 cm from the trunk.

  2. Dry mixes are introduced during digging, but not near the trunk.

  3. It is better to use manure and ash no more than once every 2-3 years.

Siderates are also a good option as a natural fertilizer. Mustard and winter rye are ideal partners for the early-fruiting plum.

In addition, in the summer, you need to control the weeds growing around the tree trunk. Weeding is carried out, then sprinkle the near-trunk circle with a bucket of humus or peat.

The first pruning of early-fruiting plums should be done in early spring, if for some reason you cannot do this, it is better to wait until next spring. Initially, it is necessary to select 5-6 skeletal branches, and then support their development.

Moreover, the tree needs only sanitary pruning, namely: the removal of shoots growing vertically inside the crown, damaged or frostbitten. When the tree begins to bear fruit, it needs additional pruning to maintain vigor of the shoots.

For normal development and timely release to fruiting, the plum must be planted at a favorable time, provided with food and water. It is necessary to choose the right seedling, determine the location, prepare the planting pit in advance.
If you wish to get a full harvest in the future, and to renew the tree, the plum is grafted onto crops that are classified as pink. In this case, the plum cuttings are implanted on the mother plant, which will be responsible for further vegetation and nutrition of the scion.
Pruning plums is not easy and very important. If it is not carried out, the number of branches on the tree will be excessive, the crown will become too thick, the fruits will begin to shrink. You can trim plums in spring, summer and fall.
Plum feeding is one of the important stages of fruit crop care. In order to properly and fully feed the plum tree, various types of fertilizers are used. Both mineral and organic options are used. Many of the folk remedies are found to be useful and effective.

Disease and pest resistance

The early-fruiting one is not affected by clotterosporia, and by the moth only by 2.5-3 points. To protect crops from insects, it is best to use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Fungicides are good for all sorts of diseases.

Most pathogens are perfectly combated by modern chemicals. For example, such as "Iskra", "Decis", "Inta-Vir", from diseases - "Topaz", "Strobi" is very effective against pests.

Despite the fact that plum is considered more hardy than many fruit trees, it is not immune from diseases. It is attacked by viral, fungal and bacterial infections, and parasitic insects harm it. It is necessary to notice and recognize the signs of plum disease in time. They are easier to deal with and defeat early on. Well, in order to protect the garden tree from such a misfortune in the future, preventive procedures can be carried out.

Resistance to soil and climatic conditions

This variety demonstrates excellent winter hardiness.

Reproduction of plums will help save on planting material: you do not have to pay money for a seedling. In addition, this activity is simple and exciting. Plum can be propagated by cuttings, root shoots and layering.
Main characteristics
Authors
H.K. Enikeev, S.N. Satarova (selection VSTISP)
Appeared when crossing
Ussuriyskaya red x American Klaymax plum
View
chinese
Appointment
dessert
Yield
above average
Average yield
9 kg / wood
Transportability
average
Marketability
good
Wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Crown
fan-shaped
Escapes
reddish brown, naked
Leaves
the leaf blade is oblong-obovate, size (length x width) - 62.8 cm2, light green color, average thickness, wavy surface, no pubescence above and below
Flowers
the petals are slightly closed, the number of stamens is 24, the stigma of the pistil is located above the stamens, the ovary is bare
Durability of wood
21 years
Fruit
Fruit size
average
Fruit weight, g
20
Fruit shape
rounded
Fruit color
the main color is yellow, the integumentary color is red, more intense on the sunny side of the fruit
Abdominal suture
poorly developed
Skin
dense with a waxy coating
Pulp (consistency)
fine-fibred, medium density, above average juiciness
Pulp color
yellow
Taste
sweet
Scent
strong
Separability of the bone from the pulp
low
Fruit composition
solids content - 13.5%, free acids - 2.21%, the amount of sugars - 8.78%, vitamin. C - 10.3 mg / 100 g
Tasting assessment
4.5 points
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Pollinator varieties
Cherry plum or Red ball
Winter hardiness
winter hardy
Soil requirement
does not tolerate acidic soils
Attitude to light
sunny place
Clasterosporium resistance
not amazed
Moth resistance
affected by 2.5-3 points
Maturation
Early maturity
for the 3rd year
Ripening terms
early
Flowering time
May 6-15
Fruiting period
August 7-14
Regularity of fruiting
not abruptly periodic
Reviews
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