Plum Etude

Plum Etude
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: G.A. Kursakov (Michurin All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants)
  • Appeared when crossing: Eurasia 21 x Volga beauty
  • Year of approval: 1985
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Crown: rounded
  • Fruit size: above the average
  • Fruit weight, g: 28-30
  • Fruit shape: oval-ovoid
  • Fruit color: reddish purple
  • Skin : medium, firm, with a thick waxy coating
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Plum lovers, when forming a garden, need to select the most capricious and productive varieties of plum trees. These include the mid-early plum Etude of domestic selection.

Breeding history

Plum Etude appeared as a result of cross-pollination of two varieties - Volzhskaya krasavitsa and Eurasia 21. The author of this plum variety is breeder GA Kursakov, who works at the All-Russian Research Institute named after V.I. I. V. Michurin. In 1983, the plum successfully passed variety trials and two years later (in 1985) joined the ranks of the State Register of Breeding Achievements. The culture is zoned in the Central Black Earth region.

Description of the variety

The etude is a medium-sized tree with a rounded crown, developed rhizome, moderately spreading branches of a dark brown color with a rough surface, powerful erect brownish shoots and large dark green leaves forming a medium thickening. The cone-shaped buds grow without adhering to the shoots.

Large light flowers, practically without touching, neatly fall into beautiful inflorescences. The flowering period is short - the third decade of May.

Fruit characteristics

Home plum Etude is large-fruited. Properly caring for the tree, fruits weighing 28-30 grams grow on it. The shape of the plums is oval-ovoid with a perfectly smooth surface, on which a thick waxy coating is noticeable. If you look closely, you can see small grayish dots on the skin. Ripe fruits are characterized by a uniform and rich reddish-purple color. The peel of the fruit is quite dense, slightly harsh, with a thick bloom. The abdominal suture of the plums is moderately pronounced.

The fruits tolerate transportation well, and can also be stored for a long time in a cool place - up to 50-60 days without loss of taste and presentation. The purpose of the table plums is that they are eaten fresh, canned, frozen and processed.

Taste qualities

The fruit tastes great. Their greenish, sometimes yellowish flesh is endowed with a fleshy, medium-dense, tender and very juicy consistency. The fruit has a balanced taste - sweet and sour, without astringency, complemented by a pronounced aroma. The small stone inside the plum separates easily from the pulp. The pulp contains less than 12% sugars and almost 2% acids.

Ripening and fruiting

Plum Etude belongs to the class of medium early and early ripening varieties. The first fruits are expected in the 4th year after planting, if the seedling is one year old. Fruiting at the tree is stable - annual. Plums ripen quickly and amicably, so the fruiting period is shortened. Mass ripening of plums occurs in the last week of August.

After planting a plum sapling on the site, of course, the question of the beginning of the fruiting of the tree always arises. Most varieties of plums begin to bear fruit 4 years after the seedling is planted. However, there are those that differ in an earlier or later period of fruiting.The difference in the beginning of fruiting is determined by the color of the plum. So, purple varieties always begin to bear fruit earlier - by 2-4 years, but yellow varieties differ in later fruiting.

Yield

The yield indicators of this table variety are good. Every year there is an increase of 2-3 kg. On average, under favorable conditions, one young tree gives 20 kg, but over time, after 6-7 years, this figure can grow up to 60 kg.

Growing regions

The geography of plum growing has expanded significantly in recent years. The tree is massively grown in the Moscow, Voronezh, Yaroslavl and Leningrad regions. In addition, plums are planted in Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus, Estonia and Kazakhstan.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The study is a partially self-fertile variety, so cross-pollination is mandatory. It is due to donor trees that yield indicators increase significantly. The optimal pollinators, whose flowering dates coincide with the Etude plum, are: Volzhskaya beauty, Renklod Tambovskiy, Zarechnaya early. Experienced farmers recommend growing all 3 varieties on the site.

Growing and caring

The optimal season for planting Etude seedlings is autumn - the period when the trees have thrown off their foliage. It is recommended to purchase a one-two-year-old seedling with a developed root without damage. The distance between plantings should be 3-4 meters so that the crowns do not shade each other.

Intensive tree farming consists of the following activities: watering, fertilizing, loosening the soil, forming a crown, removing dry branches, mulching and preparing for winter.

Watering is carried out 1-2 times a week, when it is very hot outside. Pruning of branches is carried out in spring and autumn, rejuvenating the crown. Needles, humus or straw are used as mulch. Insulation of the roots and shelter for the winter is not required, since the plum is frost-resistant.

For normal development and timely release to fruiting, the plum must be planted at a favorable time, provided with food and water. It is necessary to choose the right seedling, determine the location, prepare the planting pit in advance.
If you wish to get a full harvest in the future, and to renew the tree, the plum is grafted onto crops that are classified as pink. In this case, the plum cuttings are implanted on the mother plant, which will be responsible for further vegetation and nutrition of the scion.
Pruning plums is not easy and very important. If it is not carried out, the number of branches on the tree will be excessive, the crown will become too thick, the fruits will begin to shrink. You can trim plums in spring, summer and fall.
Plum feeding is one of the important stages of fruit crop care. In order to properly and fully feed the plum tree, various types of fertilizers are used. Both mineral and organic options are used. Many of the folk remedies are found to be useful and effective.

Disease and pest resistance

This variety has got a high immunity from the parental forms, which protects the tree from a number of diseases - fruit rot, moniliosis, perforated spot. It is also worth noting that the fruit crop is not exposed to the invasion of insects and rodents.

Despite the fact that plum is considered more hardy than many fruit trees, it is not immune from diseases. It is attacked by viral, fungal and bacterial infections, and parasitic insects harm it. It is necessary to notice and recognize the signs of plum disease in time. They are easier to deal with and defeat early on. Well, in order to protect the garden tree from such a misfortune in the future, preventive procedures can be carried out.

Resistance to soil and climatic conditions

Plum has good frost resistance, easily tolerates heat, and flower buds do not freeze. In addition, the tree is drought-resistant - it is drought that gives the fruit a piquant sweetness.

The plot should be flat, sunny, on the south side of the garden. It is comfortable for the drain to grow in moisture and air permeable loams, with a neutral acidity and deep groundwater so that there is no stagnation of moisture.

Reproduction of plums will help save on planting material: you do not have to pay money for a seedling. In addition, this activity is simple and exciting. Plum can be propagated by cuttings, root shoots and layering.

Review overview

Plum tree Etude is popular among summer residents and farmers. This is due to the fact that the culture quickly adapts to growing conditions, does not require complex agricultural techniques, and also gives stable and large yields. In addition, homemade plum captivates with its versatility, incredible taste and high immunity.

Along with the indisputable advantages, the variety has some disadvantages - the need for regular pruning of branches and partial thinning of the crown.

Main characteristics
Authors
G.A. Kursakov (Michurin All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants)
Appeared when crossing
Eurasia 21 x Volga beauty
Year of approval
1985
View
home
Appointment
dining room
Yield
high
Average yield
up to 20 kg / wood
Transportability
good
Marketability
good
Wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Crown
rounded
Branches
dark brown, slightly rough, with a gray bloom
Escapes
straight, thick, brownish brown, with numerous small yellow lenticels
Leaves
above medium size, rounded ovoid, dark green, slightly wrinkled
Flowers
large, oval petals, do not touch each other
Fruit
Fruit size
above the average
Fruit weight, g
28-30
Fruit shape
oval-ovoid
Fruit color
reddish purple
Subcutaneous points
gray, numerous, clearly visible
Abdominal suture
medium depth
Skin
medium thickness, durable, with a thick waxy coating
Pulp (consistency)
dense, juicy
Pulp color
greenish yellow
Taste
sour sweet
Bone size
average
Separability of the bone from the pulp
separates well
Shelf life of fruits
60 days
Fruit composition
dry matter - 15.4%, sugars - 7.16%, (in some years 11.84%), acids - 1.96%, P-active catechins - 142%, ascorbic acid - 15.0 mg / 100g
Tasting assessment
4.3 points
Growing
Self-fertility
partially self-fertile
Pollinator varieties
Volzhskaya beauty, Zarechnaya early and Renklod Tambovsky
Winter hardiness
high
Heat resistance
steady
Growing regions
Central Black Earth
Disease and pest resistance
steady
Maturation
Early maturity
begins bearing fruit in the 4th year after planting annual seedlings
Ripening terms
mid-early
Flowering time
May 20-31
Fruiting period
beginning of the 3rd decade of August
Regularity of fruiting
regular
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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