Plum Bolkhovchanka

Plum Bolkhovchanka
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: A. F. Kolesnikova, G. B. Zhdanova, T. A. Trofimova (All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops)
  • Appeared when crossing: North Hungarian x Iskra + Tambov prunes
  • Year of approval: 2006
  • Growth type: medium-sized
  • Crown: spherical, raised, thick
  • Tree height, m: 2,5
  • Fruit size: large
  • Fruit weight, g: 34,4-40,5
  • Fruit shape: ovoid
  • Fruit color: green, burgundy-brown integumentary
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Lovers of plums always try to plant one or two favorite species in their summer cottage, which are not capricious in their care, but give a good harvest every year. These include the late-ripening plum variety Bolkhovchanka of domestic selection.

Breeding history

Bolkhovchanka plum appeared more than 30 years ago as a result of many years of work by a group of scientists from the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops (T.A. Trofimova, G. B. Zhdanova and A. F. Kolesnikova). For 20 years, the culture passed variety trials, and only in 2006 was it entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia. The parental forms of plum are: Iskra, Severnaya Vengerka and Tambov prunes. It is recommended for growing a plum tree in the Central and Central Black Earth regions.

Description of the variety

Late-ripening plum is a medium-sized tree with a spherical and raised crown shape. In favorable conditions, the tree grows up to 2.5 meters in height. It is characterized by a highly thickened crown of light green foliage, gray and smooth bark of the trunk and branches, a powerful root system and generative buds that form on fruit twigs.

The tree blooms from May 10 to 12. During this period, the spherical crown is densely covered with large snow-white flowers, and 3 flowers are formed in each inflorescence.

Fruit characteristics

Bolkhovchanka plum represents a class of large-fruited species. Fruits weighing 34.4 to 40.5 grams ripen on the tree. The plums are not very neat in shape - ovoid with a rounded top. The surface of the fruit is smooth, shiny, slightly covered with a waxy coating. The abdominal suture at the plums is noticeable. Ripe fruits are covered with an unevenly pale green color, diluted with a burgundy-brown blush almost over the entire surface. The peel of the fruit is of moderate density, not hard.

Plums are used for universal use - fresh, in cooking, canned and processed. Fruit transportability is good, and keeping quality is average. Fruit can be stored for a long time only at the appropriate temperature.

Taste qualities

Excellent taste compensates for the not very attractive appearance of the plums. The yellowish pulp of the fruit has a tender, fleshy and very juicy consistency. The taste is dominated by sweetness, harmoniously combined with piquant sourness. Fruit juice is colorless, and the aroma is not very pronounced. A small bone inside the fruit is easily separated from the pulp. The pulp contains 7.4% sugars and 18.3% acids.

Ripening and fruiting

The culture begins to bear fruit in the 5th year after planting. The plum ripens late. The active phase of fruiting occurs in late August - early September. Plum bears fruit steadily - annually. The fruits do not ripen at the same time, therefore, the period of active ripening of the plums is somewhat stretched.

After planting a plum sapling on the site, of course, the question of the beginning of the fruiting of the tree always arises. Most varieties of plums begin to bear fruit 4 years after the seedling is planted. However, there are those that differ in an earlier or later period of fruiting. The difference in the beginning of fruiting is determined by the color of the plum. So, purple varieties always begin to bear fruit earlier - by 2-4 years, but yellow varieties differ in later fruiting.

Yield

Bolkhovchanka has high yields. On average, 119.9 centners of ripe plums can be harvested from 1 hectare. A yield of 160 kg / ha can be achieved provided that all the rules of agricultural cultivation are fulfilled.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

Bolkhovchanka is a self-fertile plum variety, in which only 4-5% of flowers are pollinated without donor trees. The situation can be corrected with the help of cross-pollination. The best donor trees are varieties with medium flowering periods, for example, Record and Renklod collective farm. The work of bees can be effective at a distance of up to 40-50 meters.

Growing and care

The best season for planting a Bolkhovchanka plum sapling is spring - a week after the soil has completely thawed. The distance between seedlings or other plantings should be at least 2.5-3 meters. The site should be chosen on a small hill with a deep passage of groundwater, so that moisture stagnation does not form, which can destroy the root system of the tree.

The agricultural technology of fruit crops is standard, but special attention should be paid to care in the first year of tree growth. You need to water the plum according to the scheme - after flowering, during the mass appearance of ovaries and before winter, if the autumn was dry. Fertilizers are applied three times per season - in spring (nitrogen-containing), after flowering (potash and organic fertilizing), at the time of autumn digging (superphosphate mixtures). The shaping of the Bolkhovchanka crown is carried out in the form of a bowl, which ensures easy maintenance and sufficient ventilation. In addition, the tree will need sanitary pruning and thinning.

For normal development and timely release to fruiting, the plum must be planted at a favorable time, provided with food and water. It is necessary to choose the right seedling, determine the location, prepare the planting pit in advance.
If you wish to get a full harvest in the future, and to renew the tree, the plum is grafted onto crops that are classified as pink. In this case, the plum cuttings are implanted on the mother plant, which will be responsible for further vegetation and nutrition of the scion.
Pruning plums is not easy and very important. If it is not carried out, the number of branches on the tree will be excessive, the crown will become too thick, the fruits will begin to shrink. You can trim plums in spring, summer and fall.
Plum feeding is one of the important stages of fruit crop care. In order to properly and fully feed the plum tree, various types of fertilizers are used. Both mineral and organic options are used. Many of the folk remedies are found to be useful and effective.

Disease and pest resistance

The variety is characterized by good resistance to clotterosporia and aphid infestation. Preventive treatments with special preparations will help protect against scab, powdery mildew and spotting. Whitewashing the trunk and branches will help prevent the settlement of parasites - the first is carried out before flowering, and the second - in late autumn.

Despite the fact that plum is considered more hardy than many fruit trees, it is not immune from diseases. It is attacked by viral, fungal and bacterial infections, and parasitic insects harm it. It is necessary to notice and recognize the signs of plum disease in time. They are easier to deal with and defeat early on. Well, in order to protect the garden tree from such a misfortune in the future, preventive procedures can be carried out.

Resistance to soil and climatic conditions

The area where the considered plum tree will grow comfortably should be sunny, protected from drafts and gusty winds.The optimal soils are considered fertile, breathable and with neutral acidity. It can be loam, chernozem or sod-podzolic soils.

It is worth noting that the Bolkhovchanka plum is frost-resistant, easily tolerates heat, but it is uncomfortable for it to grow with prolonged shade and excessive dampness.

Reproduction of plums will help save on planting material: you do not have to pay money for a seedling. In addition, this activity is simple and exciting. Plum can be propagated by cuttings, root shoots and layering.

Review overview

Bolkhovchanka is a frequent visitor to farm plantations and summer cottages. Plum is loved to grow because of its unpretentious agricultural technology, quick adaptation to the climatic features of the region, stable yield and excellent taste. The disadvantage of a fruit crop is the need for regular pruning and thinning of branches.

Main characteristics
Authors
A. F. Kolesnikova, G. B. Zhdanova, T. A. Trofimova (All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Fruit Crops)
Appeared when crossing
North Hungarian x Iskra + Tambov prunes
Year of approval
2006
View
home
Appointment
universal
Yield
high
Average yield
119.9 c / ha
Wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Tree height, m
2,5
Crown
spherical, raised, thick
Escapes
medium, straight, purple, strong integumentary color, medium pubescence, medium, narrow lentils
Leaves
obovate, short-pointed, light green, smooth, matte, flat
Flowers
white, bell-shaped, 3 flowers per inflorescence
Fruit
Fruit size
large
Fruit weight, g
34,4-40,5
Fruit shape
ovoid
Fruit color
green, integumentary burgundy-brown
Skin
with medium wax bloom
Pulp (consistency)
tender, juicy
Pulp color
yellow
Taste
sweet and sour
Bone size
average
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Fruit composition
dry matter - 12.8%, sugars - 7.4%, acids - 18.3%
Tasting assessment
4.2 points
Appearance assessment
4 points
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Pollinator varieties
Renklode collective farm, Record
Winter hardiness
high
Growing regions
Central, Central Black Earth
Clasterosporium resistance
average
Maturation
Early maturity
5 year
Ripening terms
late August - early September
Flowering time
May 10-12
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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