All about channels 16

Channel 16 is a type of rolled steel, a distinctive feature of which is a U-shaped cross-section... This type of metal product is made using bending or hot rolling technology. We will talk about all the features of this channel, its varieties and areas of use in our article.

Channel # 16 is manufactured in strict accordance with the current standards GOST 8240-97. This metal product is included in the group of hot-rolled channels. Neither in appearance nor in marking it can be confused with all other options for rolled products with bent profiles. Of course, there is a distant visual similarity between them, but if you take a closer look at such products, you will immediately notice a significant difference in the size of the section, as well as in its configuration. Profile No. 16 has a unique marking. The number not only corresponds to a certain standard size, but is also equivalent to the parameters of the height of the metal profile - that is, the width of the wall, which is measured between a pair of outer edges of the shelves. The accepted marking indicates a number that is 10 times less than the received indicator.

Thus, according to the marking of the channel, you can set its height, respectively, for profile no. 16 it corresponds to 160 mm. For reference: as for bent channels, a different designation is provided for them. They contain an extended number, consisting of a number of digital values ​​- its decoding should be found in the regulations and standards. For all others, the designations are indicated in the marking, for example, channel 120x60x4. Channel 16, like any other subspecies of hot-rolled metal products, is made of structural carbon steel. Most often, the basis is made up of St3, C245 or C255 grades - such alloys contain a lot of iron, its share reaches 99.4%. For the manufacture of metal products that will be operated in humid environments, 09G2S metal is used. With regard to channel 16, low-alloy steel products are in demand in the construction industry. It is used to strengthen and strengthen load-bearing structures in the construction of bridges, roads and support structures.

He found his application in the car-building and machine-building industries. Besides, Channel 16 is widely used in the construction of metal structures, the operation of which involves the effects of vibration. It is often used in areas with high seismic activity. The hot rolling technique involves exposure to temperatures in excess of the recrystallization level of the steel alloy. At the exit, finished products are particularly durable.

The established GOST contains a detailed description of the main physical, chemical and technical and operational properties of channel 16. Thus, the type of steel, the level of hardness, strength, as well as the length and thickness of the shelves, the degree of hardening of the alloy, the surface roughness and the weight of the metal product are specified.

Depending on the functional purpose of the material, in addition to the main standard, other standards can also be used - they contain regulations for the production of metal products intended for use in certain conditions. For example, GOST 529 r27-2014 regulates the requirements for channel bars used in shipbuilding.

In the construction industry, several types of channels are used:

• 16P - with parallel shelves;
• 16U - rental with slanting shelves;
• 16aP / 16aU - models of the reinforced type.

In addition, the dimensional characteristics of the product are as clearly indicated as possible:

• height - 160 mm;
• thickness - 8.4 cm;
• shelf width - 6.4 cm;
• R 8.5;
• r - 3.5.

Different types of channels may differ in their configuration. For example, in some areas, models with shelves curved inward are in demand. Depending on this, the following types of marks are installed on the metal profile:

• profile with simple shelves of 1 or 2 types - U or P;
• with light shelves - L;
• economical - E;
• specialized - S.

The thickness of the metal walls of the light and economical category is slightly less than the special... So, for a group of E-type channels, it corresponds to 4.7 mm with the length of the shelves at the level of 8.4 mm. In contrast, for light rolled products, these characteristics are 3.4 and 5.3 mm. These are the main types of channel with number 16. In addition to them, there are all kinds of subspecies - they do not differ in any way in their physicochemical characteristics, but depending on the working modification, they can have a slightly larger or, conversely, a slightly smaller wall thickness.

In addition, they can be distinguished by the width of the metal product and its shelves, as well as the variable radius of curvature. In total, several varieties of this type of metal profile are distinguished - these are modifications 16U, 16aU, 16P, 16aP, 16E, 16L, as well as 16C and 16Ca.

To assess the quality of the profiles 16 and carry out technological calculations for the metal structures assembled from them, the reference weight of 1 running meter is calculated. m of the product. If in the course of production the main technological standards were fully observed, then the mass of each running meter. m will correspond to the value specified in the standard. In accordance with the regulation, a deviation in the range of 5% is provided. For example, for channel 16 of group P, this parameter corresponds to 4, 84 kg / m.

Bent modifications are a separate type of channel # 16. They are made from cold and hot rolled strips on bending machines. To make them, one of two techniques is used:

• continuous method - in this case, cutting into pieces of the required size is performed automatically on the working line;
• by the piece - with this approach, profiling is carried out on pre-cut metal blanks.

Curved models have their own characteristics in comparison with typical hot-rolled channels:

• lower level of strength;
• wider assortment - the presence of both equal and unequal channels;
• rounded outer corners;
• greater dimensional accuracy due to correction of slight flaws during bending.

For metal products, the wall length of which corresponds to 16 cm, and the width of the shelf is 6.4 cm, the mass of 1 running meter will be approximately 14.2 kg. With the shelf width increased to 6.8 cm - 15.3 kg. Weight 1 linear m of channels of economical and light category will be determined as 7.1 kg. For other profiles 16 this parameter is calculated as:

• 16C - 17.53 kg;
• 16Ca - 19.74 kg.

In accordance with the regulations, channels 16 can have a length in the corridor from 2 to 12 m. The current standard allows the production of profiles of greater length in situations where this is agreed by the manufacturer and the customer. As a rule, channels No. 16 are produced in batches of profiles and have one of the following lengths:

• measured - corresponding to GOST and pre-prescribed in the supply agreement;
• multiple of the dimensional - increased 2 or more times relative to the measured;
• unmeasured - in this case, the length of the channel can be within the range established by the standard or be not less than that specified in the contract;
• unmeasured with border borders;
• measured with the inclusion of unmeasured products - while their number in the total batch should be no more than 5%;
• multiple of measured with unmeasured beams - just as in the previous case, the inclusion of off-gauge products cannot exceed 5% of the total volume of supplied rolled products.

The main areas of application of the metal channel No. 16 are frame housing construction. Here it is in demand as a basic element for the construction of frameworks for small structures; when erecting overall structures, it performs the function of an additional one. Rental is in demand in the following situations:

• production of spiral / marching flights of stairs;
• reinforcement of foundations;
• installation of pile foundation grillage;
• construction of structures for advertising objects.

The geometric features of the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel 16 make it possible to use it in construction:

• powerful bar metal structures;
• columns;
• roof girders;
• supporting consoles;
• stairs;
• screeds in sheet piles;
• ramps.

If it is impossible to use a channel for any reason, it can be replaced with a steel I-beam or another analog of a metal profile... When assembling the MC, the principle criterion is the tight mating of the channel itself with the rest of the structural elements along the entire inner surface. Channel 16 can be with a slope of the inner edges of the shelves, as well as without them. The presence of even a slight slope significantly complicates the design, which is why channels are more widespread, in which the faces are placed parallel to the plane of their section. This allows you to calculate with maximum accuracy, such channels are as constructive as possible, their parallel faces greatly simplify fixing to the shelves with bolts. In areas with a harsh climate, as well as in conditions of intense loads, hot-rolled beams made of low-alloy steels are used.