How to choose and use cordless screwdrivers?

Cordless screwdrivers undoubtedly have a number of advantages (as opposed to networked ones). But in order to choose the right equipment, you need to know what technical specifications to rely on. In addition, you should take into account the rating of the best manufacturers in this category of goods.

Choose a cordless screwdriver based on:

• the speed at which the screw enters the surface;
• torque;
• battery volume and nominal voltage;
• availability of additional functions.

It should be said that the mobility of such equipment is not in the last place. When choosing a tool that will allow you to quickly solve everyday tasks, you should pay attention to the size of the screwdriver.

Any battery unit is able to easily screw screws, bolts, screws and anchors into wooden, plasterboard, metal and plastic surfaces... The impact function allows you to make a hole even in brick or concrete masonry.

Torque demonstrates the force with which the electric motor causes the chuck in the structure of the equipment to rotate. The higher this indicator, the better., since the density of the surface with which the screwdriver can work depends on it.

Rotational speed represents the total number of revolutions that the spindle makes per minute. The higher this indicator, the faster the work will go, and the screws will penetrate the material. When screwing bolts into a brick insert and concrete, this figure should be as high as possible. It is desirable that the equipment has several speeds... The user will need to correctly set the operating mode, which saves battery power.

In general, a screwdriver can have four rotational speeds. On the first, fasteners are usually made, on the second and third, the screwdriver works as a drill, and the fourth helps in working with dense materials. For simple screwing in screws (for example, in the construction of furniture), 45 rpm is enough, but for drilling, the indicator cannot be less than 1000 rpm.

The battery plays an important role, since the operating time of the screwdriver depends on it. In this case, lithium-ion batteries are neither the best nor the cheapest option. They discharge quickly, are very sensitive to cold, but are lightweight.

Nickel-cadmium are cheap, they are not afraid of cold weather, they do not self-discharge, but they must be completely discharged before storage, since they tend to lose battery capacity. These batteries are toxic and difficult to dispose of.

Additional functions are very much appreciated by users, since during most construction work there is an additional need to remove paint, drill concrete. Professionals recommend purchasing screwdrivers with an impact function, however, it is worth remembering that with constant operation in this mode, the engine wears out a lot. It is worth paying attention to the possibility of an instant stop of the equipment, the presence of an automatic spindle lock, a backlight and a charge indicator.

Cordless screwdrivers have an undeniable advantage - they can work autonomously. However, they can only be used as long as the battery holds a charge. As the energy starts to run out, the equipment becomes less efficient.

All models can be divided into two large groups:

• professional;
• household.

They are distinguished by their power, dimensions, the presence of additional functionality, the number of speeds and, of course, the cost. Professional equipment is more powerful and designed to work with concrete and masonry, household equipment is more compact, it is necessary for solving simple tasks.

There is another classification:

1. shock;
2. angular;
3. tape;
4. mini screwdrivers.

• A drill driver is a piece of equipment that has an impact function.... The device is capable not only of screwing screws and anchors into the surface, but also of creating holes of the required diameter. It is a multifunctional tool that can work with fasteners. It is often used in the implementation of construction tasks. The unit has no restrictions on the material of the working surface, it is quite mobile and can be used in hard-to-reach places.

• Angular the screwdriver has a special design that allows the user to complete the task without additional effort and to penetrate into hard-to-reach places. The handle of the structure is located at the top. The main part is hinged and can rotate in the required direction. The chuck is in the gearbox, so it is fixed at the required angle.

• Tape a screwdriver is a tool with which it is possible to significantly save time allotted for the task. The screws are supplied with tape, so you do not need to take each one individually.

As for mini-screwdrivers, their main advantage is their size.

The main difference between a screwdriver and a cordless screwdriver is functionality. The screwdriver is capable of performing much more operations.

Apart from this, there are other differences as well.

• The screwdriver can handle a limited amount of materials. It is not suitable for metal surfaces due to its low power and minimum torque.
• The screwdriver has large dimensions and weight, so it is not always easy to use it. For example, a compact screwdriver will suffice to assemble furniture.
• The T-shaped screwdriver can complete the task quickly and easily, even in a hard-to-reach place - where the screwdriver cannot penetrate.
• Only hex bits can be used in the screwdriver design and drills cannot be installed.
• For a screwdriver, the battery is located in the handle structure, while for a screwdriver this part is removable and stands below.

A cordless screwdriver can save you an incredible amount of time and effort. For the home, it is enough to choose equipment for 18 volts.Based on power, it is worth thinking about where exactly the equipment is planned to be used, since its cost varies greatly from the availability of additional functions and technical characteristics.

It is important to pay special attention to the type and capacity of the battery, as you can be disappointed in the purchase when the tool starts to lose power after just 15 minutes of operation. As for the dimensions and weight, everything is more or less clear here.

If the design has the ability to move the handle, then this is just fine, since this function allows you to work in hard-to-reach places. There are a number of other functions that may be useful to the user. Things like LED lights, rubber grip, battery indicator can make your work more convenient.

Of course, price is always the determining factor. There is a wide range of prices for these devices. If there is no task to perform complex work, then it is worth choosing an inexpensive screwdriver.

On store shelves, you can find a huge variety of cordless screwdrivers from Russian or German companies, as well as models made in China and China.

• Black & Decker ASD14KB ranked among the most reliable cordless screwdrivers. The equipment is manufactured in China, it is perfect for the implementation of simple and complex tasks. Such a model can twist and twist, as well as drill holes in the wall. The chuck is quick-release here, so the user does not have any problems with changing attachments. The design provides for a Li-lon battery, but these are far from all the advantages of the screwdriver, since the manufacturer took care of equipping it with a modern design and an ergonomic rubberized handle.

Of the minuses, a loose cartridge and a decrease in the capacity of the battery can be distinguished over time.

• Einhell TC-CD 18-2, in addition to the standard functions that are inherent in a screwdriver, it is also equipped with an impact mechanism, which means that the unit can be used on masonry and concrete. The structure is equipped with a modern powerful engine and a gearbox operating at two speeds. The user can take advantage of the emergency stop at a convenient time for him.

The model also has a couple of drawbacks: a rather weak battery, a short life of the striking mechanism.

• Stanley SBH20S2K equipped with a brushless motor and impact mechanism. It can be used even on hard surfaces. This model is distinguished by a durable battery with overheating protection. The motor power is increased up to 20%, there are 23 rotation modes.

The gearbox has two speeds, and its gears can be noted for their durability.

• Hitachi DV18DJL-RC produced by a Japanese brand. It can be called a professional screwdriver because it can work on hard surfaces, has speed control, illumination and a keyless chuck, thanks to which the attachments can be changed in a matter of seconds.The disadvantages of the presented model include a weak battery and overpriced.

• Ryobi ONE + R18PDBL-LL99S equipped with a brushless motor, so it is quite powerful. The reducer operates at two speeds, a quick-release chuck is installed. Ryobi ONE + R18PDBL-LL99S is a Japanese brand, but a screwdriver is produced in China.

The set includes two rechargeable batteries of different capacities: one for 1.5, and the other for 4. Of the minuses, an impressive cost should be highlighted.

• AEG BSB 18CBL LI-402C 448463 - a resourceful and very powerful unit that can be praised for its reliability. The manufacturer offers rich functionality: not only a quick-release cartridge and a flashlight, but also protection against continuous operation and overload, as well as the ability to install an angle attachment. Despite such a number of positive qualities, this tool is not always suitable for working with an outstretched hand, since it is quite heavy. Moreover, users have noticed that the battery does not fit snugly against the body.

• Metabo BS 18 LT BL Q 602334550 it is characterized by light weight, ergonomic shape and ease of use. It can both tighten screws and drill the surface. To make it convenient for the user to work in a poorly lit area, a backlight is provided in its design. The battery holds a charge perfectly, there is a fixing bracket located on the belt. The principle of operation of this screwdriver is based on new technology, so the power does not decrease, but it saves energy. This unit is distinguished by its high cost, but reliability and quality fully justify it.

• Bosch GSR 18 V-EC 0.601.9E8.104 - worthy equipment from a worthy manufacturer, which has been working on the market for several years. The screwdriver is convenient, the case is well thought out, there is a keyless chuck and an indicator of the amount of charge in the battery. The manufacturer has provided protection against turning the drill and overheating.

• Dewalt XRP DCD991P2 Is one of the best reliable screwdrivers on the market today. The increased power is provided by the brushless motor and the LED backlight can be adjusted in intensity. At its maximum mode, it is used as a flashlight. This is a reliable and convenient equipment that has an impressive cost, therefore it is rarely purchased for household tasks.

• Makita DDF480RME can rightfully occupy the first place in the rating for reliability. The Japanese manufacturer has tried to create a compact and powerful model that has all the necessary functions to perform complex and simple tasks. A brushless motor is installed in the design, there is a high-quality backlight. The battery is charged very quickly, and sits down only after 50 minutes of continuous use. There is no self-discharge.

The cost of the goods is most often the determining factor for the choice. The consumer wants to see screwdrivers on the shelves with an affordable price and decent quality.

• One of these is considered Bosch GSR 1440-LI with lithium battery. Of the capabilities of this unit, a two-speed gearbox and overheating protection installed on the battery should be distinguished. You can change attachments in one quick motion thanks to the keyless chuck. Of the advantages, it is worth highlighting attractive power, reliability, light weight and an ergonomic body. As for the shortcomings, during operation, you can feel how the chuck beats, the drill stops abruptly.

• Not in last place among inexpensive models is Makita 6347DWDE... Such a unit has a decent torque, an impressive battery capacity. Users praised it for its reliability and ease of use.

• The list of inexpensive equipment from the same manufacturer includes Makita DF330DWE... The device represents a new generation of cordless screwdrivers, since there is an economical motor inside. The manufacturer has thought over the shape and coating of the handle to make it more convenient for the user to work. Such a small unit is charged very quickly. Its design includes a keyless chuck. Among the shortcomings, one can single out too bright illumination, which is incorrectly installed, as well as backlash in the cartridge.

• Hitachi DS10DFL - one of the most worthy screwdrivers in terms of price and quality. It has not only an ergonomic handle and keyless chuck, but also a light weight and compact size. The manufacturer has provided for electronic speed control and even reverse - these are functions for which the consumer sometimes has to overpay.

• This manufacturer also has another unit worth paying attention to - Hitachi DS14DVF3... It is perfect for simple household tasks. The body of the model is rubberized, it is possible to hang it on a belt on a hook. It has a smart and comfortable grip, excellent build quality and a user-friendly reverse switch.

• Sparky BR2 10,8Li HD Is a screwdriver that comes with two batteries. It is distinguished by its convenience and compactness. It takes the user 30 minutes to charge each battery. The unit can be used not only for tightening screws, but also for loosening. As for the built-in backlight, it is not very convenient for work.

Powerful screwdrivers are necessary when difficult construction tasks are set, namely, you have to work with hard surfaces for which the capacity of a conventional unit is not enough (for example, concrete or brick).

• In this case, it is worth taking a closer look at the well-known screwdriver Bosch GSR 1440-LI, whose number of revolutions per minute reaches 1400. The weight of this unit is only 1.3 kg. This is an inexpensive model of the professional series and comes with a second battery. There were no particular negative reviews, however, it was noted that a backlash was found on the cartridge (it is worth noting that it is present in a large number of screwdrivers of different price categories).

• An alternative to it can be Skil 2421 or Skil 2531.

• You should definitely pay attention to Hitachi DS10DAL with a maximum number of revolutions of 1300. On average, such a screwdriver will cost 6,500 rubles. Its weight is only one kilogram, which means that it will be convenient for the user to work with an outstretched hand. Such a powerful model of the battery pack is charged in 30 minutes, while this energy is consumed very economically.

The cordless screwdriver is quite complicated, its main part is the rechargeable battery, since it is through it that the unit is powered. Sometimes the battery is integrated into the handle, and in some cases it sits lower. It is not always removable - this feature is present in more expensive models.

The construction can be represented as follows:

• hexagon;
• reducer;
• spindle;
• engine;
• reverse;
• lever;
• battery;
• buttons for activating different modes.

Some models have a speed selector and a receiver that allow you to remove the screws, not just screw them in. All relevant switches are located on the housing. The housing contains the gearbox and motor, and also contains the wiring and other important components.

It is made of shockproof plastic. The engine is made in the form of a cylinder with magnets arranged in a circle. The anchor is mounted on supports made of a metal such as brass. The winding is in the armature grooves. It is very important that it is made of a material with high magnetic conductivity.

An equally important mechanism is the gearbox, which is installed in a separate compartment.

In its construction:

• two gears - sun and annular;
• drove;
• satellites.

Any of these components can fail - then repairs will be required. In inexpensive models, these parts are made of plastic (hence the fragility of the tool. A special regulator is responsible for changing the number of revolutions, in which a key and a controller are involved.

For screwdrivers, regardless of their type, the principle of operation remains the same. The incoming electricity (in this case, from the battery) drives the motor installed inside. From it, passing through the shaft and the gearbox, it is transformed and increased. The rig, fixed in the chuck, receives the necessary force and picks up the speed with which it drives or removes the screw. The only difference is that the battery equipment operates on a constant voltage, while the one powered by the mains operates on an alternating voltage. If it is necessary to change the nozzle, the user should not have any problems.

In both cases, the principle is the same:

• first, take the necessary drill or bit that fits in size to the head of the screw that you plan to screw in;
• the cartridge is removed (counterclockwise);
• the cams are spread and the rig is installed in the center;
• clamp the nozzle by screwing in the cartridge case (clockwise).

In order for the instrument to serve for a long time, the user is required to strictly adhere to the operating rules, which are described in the corresponding instructions.

Do not use a screwdriver for work for which it is not intended.

• Charging often suffers from user actions. This is because the battery must be fully charged and discharged. The capacity of the battery cannot be increased, but by wrong actions it can be reduced.
• A new battery must first be operated so that it wastes all the energy, and only after that it must be charged.
• The user is required to strictly observe the location of the "+" and "-" fields.
• First, a charger is connected to the network, and only after that a screwdriver or battery is connected to it.
• If the battery is continuously charged, its service life will be reduced.
• Before turning on the drill, you need to see if the button works as expected.

• The nozzle should be firmly locked in position.
• The screwdriver is turned on when it is already installed with a drill on the working surface.
• The quality of the tool depends on what value the torque is at.
• It is required to observe the depth to which the equipment can be immersed when drilling.
• Only if the drill is perpendicular to the plane will the load be evenly distributed.
• The user should not exert any additional pressure on the screwdriver.

• When the drill is jammed, the tool is disconnected from the network and the direction of rotation is changed.
• It is worth holding the battery so that there is no short circuit between the terminals.
• Batteries should not be stored in the same place as metal objects, or put weight on them, as electrolyte leakage may then occur.
• The temperature in the room where the screwdriver with the battery lies should be in the range from + 30 to -5 degrees Celsius.
• The tool must be switched off immediately if there is a smell of burning or smoke.
• Do not touch rotating parts with your hands.
• It is impossible to disassemble the power supply - this will lead to damage.

Faults can be mechanical or electrical.

Mechanical include:

• breakage of a cartridge that just needs to be replaced with a new one;
• the gearbox is out of order, since its components are made of plastic;
• bearings are worn out;
• the regulator for changing the traction force is broken.

Electrical faults include:

• battery wear;
• the port where the charger is inserted does not work;
• the contacts are burnt or the wires are melted;
• malfunctions in the electric motor.

Of course, it is better not to undertake troubleshooting on your own if you do not have the appropriate experience, since you can completely break the equipment.

For information on how to choose a cordless screwdriver for your home, see the next video.