Types and selection of twists

Screw piles are installed by different methods, the difference is in the degree of mechanization. The manual method is twisted by a team of 3-4 workers, and the mechanical method involves the use of specialized devices and units. A device for twisting screw piles (svayakr, svayvert) increases the productivity of work by about 2 times. Automation is used if long-term elements are installed at a great immersion depth or piles have an impressive cross-section.

Svayakrut (svayvert) is a tool for screwing in screw piles. Replaces manual work, significantly simplifies and activates the procedure for making a pile-screw foundation for timber or frame housing construction, and in addition, accelerates the process of erecting sheds, piers, fences, outbuildings and other structures using screw piles.

When working with piles, it is necessary to maintain the vertical axis of their immersion in the soil, in this case, according to building standards, a deviation on a pile with a height of 3-6 meters is possible no more than 2-3 from the vertical. With the manual method, to achieve this indicator, you must have a lot of practical experience., but with the equipment for the device of a pile-screw foundation with a measured transfer of torque, such an indicator is very easy to achieve even for beginners.

To mount the pile, the first step is to create a hole into which it will be screwed. After completing the marking (and it must be extremely accurate), a deepening is performed using a motor-drill (gas-drill). The next step is installation. For this, a specialized device should be used. It happens:

• manual;
• electromechanical;
• in the form of specialized equipment.

Each device has its own design, but the principle of operation is the same.

If the future structure is insignificant in area and weight, then a small number of screw supports will be needed. In such a situation, the work can be done manually. The construction of such a toolkit is elementary. Therefore, it can be done on your own. This will require:

• metal plate (preferably thicker);
• fittings;
• 2 pipes 2 m each;
• grinder with cutting discs;
• welder.

Manual pile installation.

• First you need to cut the plate into 4 pieces.
• They must be tied together in such a way that, as a result, an isosceles glass comes out. It must sit tightly on the verge of the pile, otherwise it will slip when screwed in.
• On two opposite sides, 2 eyes are made. For this, it is advisable to use reinforcement with a diameter of at least 12 mm. The pipes will act as levers here. The longer they are, the easier it is to screw the pile by hand.

Such a design is easy to make yourself.

The disadvantage of a hand-held device is that at least 3 people are needed to carry out the work. Two screw in the pile, and the third guides it along the level. Another disadvantage is the large area for installing one pile. With little leverage, workers must be unusually strong.And if the work is carried out near an already built building, then the installation of the piles will take much longer (it will be necessary to rearrange the pipes into the eyelet on the opposite side of the sleeve), or even become completely impossible.

When it is not possible to twist the pile manually (a small area for installation or lack of muscle strength), then an electromechanical method is required. Such a toolkit is called a multiplier. It includes a powerful electric motor connected to a gearbox.

A counter adapter (with 4-sided) and a reducer are fixed to it. A drill is mounted on top. To prevent it from spinning idle, it needs a stopper. To do this, a peg is driven into the soil, on which the pipe is fixed. On the opposite side, it is attached to the handles of an electric drill. In the role of a more solid stop, you can use an already twisted pile.

Individual piles do not have glass edges. With this option, the adapter can be made on your own. To do this, you need to take a pipe (metal) of a suitable diameter, put it on the edge of the pile and make a through hole. A hairpin is installed in it (minimum diameter - 14 mm). She will fix the position of the sleeve.

In addition to an electromechanical device made by yourself, you can use a factory electric machine for work. The usual equipment of the device:

• electric drill (with a capacity of 2 kilowatts);
• set of nozzles for standard pile parameters;
• tilt angle compensator;
• set of levers.

When choosing a multiplier, proper consideration should be given to the dimensional parameters of the lever.

This toolkit has several advantages over manual piling:

• work is done at a higher quality level;
• some modifications have several shaft rotation speeds;
• twisting is carried out more gently (without jerking);
• during the installation of piles, a minimum number of people are involved.

This equipment also has disadvantages.

• Among the disadvantages of the equipment, it is necessary to highlight the relatively impressive weight. The weight of a standard multiplier is from 40 kg. Therefore, you cannot do without an assistant.
• Large consumption of electrical energy.
• If you buy a multiplier in a store, then for the execution of a single operation it will be extremely large costs. It is worth purchasing such equipment if only you often or at a professional level perform such work.
• The equipment is specialized for screwing in screw supports, the height of which is not higher than 2 m.

To install screw piles with a diameter of more than 25 cm and a height of more than 2 m, a specialized technique is practiced. Today there is a large selection of screwing devices. They function either electrically or mechanically. Everything depends on the dimensions of the pile. This group includes the following mechanisms:

• "Tornado";
• self-propelled drilling rig on wheels МГБ-50П-02С;
• electrowaves;
• units of the "capstan" type with an electric drive;
• drilling, piling rigs for a mini-excavator (hydrodrill, yamobur):
• portable portable installation UZS 1;
• hydraulic installation "Torsion" and the like.

Each of the mechanisms has its own set. The units are equipped with the required levers and stops.

The advantage of this equipment is that the work is carried out extremely quickly. The installations make possible the thorough and most accurate screwing of the screw pile. The disadvantages include the high price, even if you rent equipment.Another drawback is that in order to carry out the work, in any case, an auxiliary workforce is required (assembly of machines and mechanisms, control of twisting) - at least 3 people. One - the operator, two - make control and, if necessary, are included in the technological process.

Among the technology that has proven itself well, the following models can be distinguished:

• Aichi, Krinner, "Iron", "Whirlwind", "Handyman" - the category of electrowavers;
• "Tornado" - a small-sized installation that operates from a 380 volt power grid or a 5.5 kW generator, screws up supports with a diameter of up to 150 mm;
• "Electro-Capestan" (with a gasoline or oil station), the largest pile diameter - 219 mm;
• MGB-50P - makes it possible to carry out work on the soil of the 4th category of freezing.

When selecting an installation for screwing screw piles, attention should be paid to the following characteristics:

• the power of the electric drive - this parameter depends on which screw supports the installation can service;
• manufacturer's recommendations for the largest diameter and length of the rod.

Other characteristics are also significant, only they mainly affect the comfort of work, slightly affecting productivity, as well as the technical resource of the equipment laid down.