Peach breeding methods

In recent years, many gardeners have begun to get seriously involved in the cultivation of exotic trees on their plots. The breeding of the garden peach has also become popular. Its fruits are characterized by excellent taste. A fruit tree is grown both from seeds and by a vegetative method. The article will discuss what methods of breeding a peach exist.

There are many ways to breed peach trees. Very often summer residents turn to cuttings. Fruit tree propagation is carried out by green and lignified cuttings. The twigs are harvested exclusively in the morning and in cloudy weather. The green cuttings are immediately placed in the water. In order for rooting to occur quickly, easily and without unnecessary problems, you can use a special tool that will stimulate the formation of rhizomes. Honey, Heteroauxin, or succinic acid will do.

Twigs, on which 3-4 leaves have blossomed, must be planted directly into the substrate. This must be done so that they are in a standing position. The leaves need to be cut exactly in half.

For rooting to be successful, you will need to take a number of important steps.

• The cuttings must be kept in a place where there is sufficient lighting. However, direct rays of solar ultraviolet radiation should not fall on them in any case.
• It is important to monitor the temperature level of the soil. It should be about 18-25 degrees Celsius.
• It is equally important to maintain optimal humidity levels. For these purposes, water is poured into a regular tray. When it is time for rooting, the volume of water in the pan needs to be reduced. The formation of young leaves will signal that the cuttings were able to successfully take root.
• From time to time, the cuttings must be ventilated.
• The substrate in which the cuttings are located should be moist, but not too wet. This must be followed.

As soon as it was possible to successfully root the peach cuttings, the containers with them are taken out into the garden and the sprouts are buried in the ground. It is important to choose the right landing site correctly. In the case of peaches, this should be a slightly shaded or "openwork" area. Cuttings need to be watered as needed. After 30 days, they are taken out together with an earthen lump. Then the prepared material must be planted on its permanent, chosen for this place on the site. It will need to be thoroughly dug up, and then a special organic fertilizer will be applied.

Often, gardeners turn to this type of fruit tree propagation. To implement it, you need to select a branch that is pretty solid. The age of the tree should be within 2-3 years, the optimal indicator of the thickness of the branch - with a pencil. A suitable element should be half woody.

On the branch that was selected for all operations, an annular layer of bark is necessarily cut off. Fruit buds that are slightly higher than the cut need to be removed.After that, you need to attach the bottle so that its neck is directed downward. Next, they resort to filling with a substrate. For this, not only earth is suitable, but also moss or sawdust. The cut should be located 1/3 of the bottle from the bottom. The resulting structure is fixed using suitable means at hand.

Choosing this method of reproduction, it is necessary to pay special attention to the state and quality of the substrate. It needs to be watered periodically. As soon as the first roots appear, it is permissible to safely disassemble the entire structure, and transplant the peach to its permanent place in the garden.

It is quite possible to grow a healthy fruit tree from a seed. However, in order for it to bring a good harvest and not get sick, the gardener must be aware of some important nuances. Pips should not be used that were taken from fruits purchased under market conditions. For such operations, a peach that was grown by neighbors or acquaintances on the site is more suitable. The main condition must be met - the peach must grow in the same climatic conditions.

The fruit from which the seed is taken must necessarily be completely healthy and ripe. If any damage or early signs of deterioration are visible, then it is best not to use it. The selected material must be properly prepared for planting.

• The bones must be thoroughly washed and dried. This will prevent rotting of seeds.
• Immediately before planting the seed, you will need to fill it with liquid and leave it to soak for a short period of time.
• After that, they will need to be carefully pierced from one side.

You can refer to the cold germination process. Let's get acquainted with its features.

• First you need to pick up a deep dish that does not have a lid. It is necessary to fill it with sand or moistened peat. If it is sand, then it must be coarse, well washed and sifted so that all unnecessary inclusions and debris are removed.
• The prepared bone is immersed in a sand mixture or peat. The optimal depth parameter reaches about 6-8 cm.
• In the next step, the container is wrapped in a simple plastic bag. Previously, a hole is made in the latter so that the landing can receive the required amount of air.
• After that, the container in the package is sent to the shelf in the refrigerator and left there for the entire winter.
• From time to time, the plastic bag will need to be opened and the state of the peat component should be monitored. If necessary, it will need to be moistened using a spray bottle. When it comes to watering, you need to be very careful here. If the soil is too wet, the seed will simply rot.
• At about the 4th month, sprouts will begin to break through. In some cases, this happens a little earlier - after 3 months.
• Now the dishes must be removed from the refrigerator. The bones will need to be seated in separate, pre-prepared containers.
• In the used flowerpots, it will be necessary to make drainage holes, and as a soil mixture, a combination of the same peat, humus and leafy earth is perfect.

Next, the filled flowerpots will need to be sent to a room where there is enough natural light. It is imperative to maintain an optimal temperature regime. From the very beginning, these indicators should reach no more than +10 degrees, so it is permissible to transfer the tanks to a glazed balcony or veranda. After a couple of days, the containers are brought back home and sent to the dwelling, where the temperature should be about +18 degrees.

Very good results are obtained from peach propagation by grafting. This method is used by many gardeners who grow fruit trees on their plots.Reproduction by grafting will be successful and hassle-free if a number of important conditions are met. Let's find out about the most significant ones.

• Consideration must be given to whether rootstock and scion are compatible.
• Temperature indicators of the air should not fall below +5 degrees Celsius during the vaccination.
• It is imperative to select the maturity dates for both the rootstock and the scion.
• Before starting grafting, the stock must be in a state of juice movement. The graft, on the other hand, must be at rest.

It is allowed to use wild plum or felt cherry as a rootstock. When choosing seedlings for a rootstock, it is advisable to take into account their age. Instances that are 1 or 2 years old are ideal. Cuttings must be harvested in the fall. They should be 35 to 40 cm long. They should have 2-3 buds. Their lower half is immersed in water, sand until spring. The basement is the best place to store it.

It should be noted that successful inoculation depends on the bevel cut. The steam must be cut at a certain angle. No adjustments are allowed. To carry out all the manipulations, you need to prepare a sharpened knife. Its length should be 3 times the diameter of the cuttings. The graft is connected to the stock, and then wrapped with plastic wrap. After 30 days, the branch will need to be cut. This should be done on a line higher than the vaccine. The procedure in question will have a stimulating effect on the growth of the kidneys.