Peach White Swan (White Lebedeva)

Peach White Swan (White Lebedeva)
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Nikitsky Botanical Garden
  • Growth type: undersized
  • Ripening period: mid-late
  • Self-fertility: self-fertile
  • Appointment: for fresh consumption
  • Yield: high
  • Transportability: bad
  • Winter hardiness: high
  • Fruit weight, g: 145 - 155
  • Fruit color: creamy white, with a slight raspberry blush on the sides
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Everyone's beloved peaches, southerners and darlings of the sun, "learned" to grow in more severe conditions thanks to the tireless work of breeders. New varieties are grown in the middle lane and colder regions. A striking representative of such "strong men" is the variety White Swan (synonym for White Lebedev), whose fruits are intended for fresh consumption, but many use them for cooking jam and jams. Due to the tendency of the ripe fruit to decay the structure, juices are obtained with pulp, and it is better to cook jam from unripe fruits, then the pieces remain intact. The variety cannot withstand long-distance transportation.

Breeding history

The originators of the variety were the team of breeders of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Description of the variety

A short (2-3 m) tree with a spherical, slightly spreading crown. Young growing shoots are colored in light colors; over time, the thin skin coarsens, acquires a brown color. The branches are covered with dark green lanceolate foliage, slightly concave along the central vein, clearly visible, like its lateral branches. The smooth leaf plate does not have pubescence, the lower part is lighter than the upper one, the end is elongated and pointed, the edges are even, without notches. Peach blooms profusely, snow-white flowers with a strong aroma have long stamens, slightly wavy petals.

Fruit characteristics

Rounded or broadly oval fruits of medium size and weighing 145–155 g have an uncharacteristic color for a peach. Covering - creamy white with a yellowish-pink tint, a hot pink blush occupies a small percentage of the surface. The delicate skin has a strong pubescence, the medium-sized stone is easily separated from the pulp.

Taste qualities

Fragrant white pulp with a juicy and delicate consistency has the property of losing density after full ripening, which makes it impossible to transport over long distances. Harmonious sweet taste reminds honey, acid is almost absent. Tasting score - 4.5 points.

Ripening and fruiting

The variety belongs to the mid-late category - the crop is harvested in the third decade of August. Regular fruiting occurs 4 years after planting.

Yield

The white swan gives excellent harvests - one tree can give 50-60 kg of tasty, healthy and fragrant fruits.

Growing regions

The variety is adapted for the North Caucasus region, Central Black Earth Region, Crimea, but in fact its habitat is much wider. It is grown by gardeners of the middle zone, the Far East, the Urals, Altai, subject to the organization of winter protection.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The white swan belongs to self-fertile varieties, which saves the gardener from searching and planting pollinating varieties. The peach will bear fruit perfectly, even being in the singular on the site.

Growing and care

The southern variety is very picky about sunlight, so the site is chosen on the south side, protected from northern winds and drafts. The white swan does not tolerate wetlands and the proximity of groundwater (no closer than 1.5 m), which must be taken into account when determining a landing site.

All types of stone fruits are bad predecessors - plum, apricot, and so on. This is because plants have common diseases and pests. The most favorable soil is sandy loam and loam with a neutral acidity level. Acidified soils are subject to mandatory deoxidation. To do this, add dolomite flour, chalk, gypsum to the soil.

The optimal planting time is spring in temperate latitudes, autumn in the southern regions. Before the onset of cold weather, the plant must have a time reserve of 1–1.5 months so that the seedling has time to acclimatize and take root. When choosing planting material, preference should be given to two-year-old seedlings with a closed root system. They adapt faster, tolerate changes in environment, nutrition and care more easily.

The plant must have branched shoots, in the amount of at least five branches with clearly visible fruit buds. If the root system is open, then it is necessary to check the quality of the roots, their length (at least 20 cm), viability. Dry roots are a sign of defective material. Quality plants can only be provided by nurseries or specialized stores. It is not worth buying a seedling from the market. There are many known cases when a purchased tree is looked after for years, and in the end they get something else.

Before planting, a plant with ACS is kept in a solution of a root-forming agent, for example, "Kornevin". A planting pit with dimensions of 70x70x70 cm is filled with a drainage layer of crushed stone, pebbles, gravel, broken brick and a support is installed. The distance between the holes is 3 meters.

The excavated soil is enriched with humus, compost or bird droppings, wood ash, complex mineral fertilizers, superphosphate are added and the pit is filled with this mixture. Then the seedling is installed and covered with the remaining earth, while making sure that the root collar remains above ground level. The soil is compacted, the trunk circle is watered abundantly with warm water, the next day the soil is loosened or covered with a layer of peat mulch. Peat can be replaced with straw or cut grass.

A young plant needs regular watering in the first season, with the exception of steady rainy weather. For an adult tree, additional irrigation is arranged only in case of long-term drought. The introduction of nutrients begins from the second or third year, depending on the composition and fertility of the soil. In early spring, the peach is fed with nitrogen, stimulating the build-up of a powerful vegetative mass. During the budding period, the plant needs potassium-phosphorus preparations. In summer, infusion of mullein is watered at the rate of 1: 10. In autumn, the trunk circle is covered with a thick layer of humus with wood ash, or superphosphate and potassium chloride are added.

Spring sanitary pruning helps to rid the crown of broken, affected or frozen shoots. During formative pruning, excess branches growing inward are removed, achieving full ventilation and lighting of the inside of the crown. For the winter, the trunks are covered with burlap or a special net, with roofing felt on top, making sure that the lower part of the protection against rodents is submerged in the ground.

Planting a peach tree is a very important step that will lay the foundation for abundant fruit production in the future. At this stage, you should choose the right seedling, find the optimal place, decide on suitable culture neighbors and prepare a hole.
Peach grafting accelerates the fruiting period, increases the resistance of the crop in cold conditions, helps to rejuvenate the old plant, while maintaining all the varietal qualities of the grafted shoot. This agrotechnical technique allows you to grow peaches even in those regions where it was previously impossible due to unfavorable climatic and weather conditions.
Peaches are quite capricious trees, therefore, without proper care and timely pruning, they will give a weak harvest or wither away altogether. The formation of a tree, pruning of diseased and unnecessary branches are those important manipulations, thanks to which it will be possible not only to preserve the peach tree, but also to make it abundantly fruitful.

Frost resistance and the need for shelter

The plant has high winter hardiness, is able to withstand short-term frosts down to -30ºC, but in the middle lane and to the north it needs a shelter for the winter.

Disease and pest resistance

The variety has a high resistance to clotterosporia and powdery mildew, can be affected by curly leaves if agronomic conditions are violated. Of the pests for the culture, the moth, aphid, scale insect, striped moth are dangerous. To combat parasites and diseases, it is necessary to carry out spring preventive treatments with insecticides and pesticides.

Growing a peach on your site will require a lot of effort and attention. After all, this tree is very delicate and susceptible to many diseases and pests. In order to recognize the disease in time and take appropriate measures, it is worthwhile to understand well the symptoms of diseases and the peculiarities of the lesion of the peach.

Requirements for soil and climatic conditions

The white swan copes well with dry periods, which makes it possible to grow the variety in regions with hot climates, and its frost resistance (-30º) explains the possibility of harvesting in the middle lane and in colder regions, excluding the northern regions.

In recent years, many gardeners have started to get involved in the cultivation of exotic trees on their plots. The breeding of the garden peach has also become popular. There are many ways to breed peach trees. Peach can be propagated by cuttings, air layering, you can grow a tree from a stone.
Main characteristics
Authors
Nikitsky Botanical Garden
Appointment
for fresh consumption
Yield
high
Average yield
50-60 kg per tree
Transportability
bad
Wood
Growth type
undersized
Tree height, m
2-3
Crown
spherical, slightly spreading
Fruit
Fruit size
average
Fruit color
creamy white, with a slight raspberry blush on the sides
Fruit shape
rounded
Fruit weight, g
145 - 155
Pulp color
white
Pulp (consistency)
juicy, tender
Taste
sweet
Scent
there is
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Winter hardiness
high
Location
well lit by the sun
Clasterosporium resistance
high
Powdery mildew resistant
high
Maturation
Ripening period
mid-late
Fruiting period
third decade of August
Frequency of fruiting
annual
Reviews
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