Motoblock MTZ-12: characteristics and features of operation

Motoblocks are rather compact devices designed for carrying out various agricultural operations in relatively small areas, transporting small-sized loads and other tasks. This article tells about the Belarus MTZ-12 walk-behind tractor, its design and operation features.

This model of a walk-behind tractor is a rather heavy and powerful wheeled structure, due to the peculiarities of which the MTZ-12 is quite easy to improve into a mini-tractor.

Table of technical characteristics of the MTZ-12 walk-behind tractor.

This device is designed for a variety of processing of large land plots. If the site does not differ in an impressive area, then it is more advisable to choose a unit of lower power.

Also, additional equipment can be attached to this device, which will increase the list of possible operations carried out by the walk-behind tractor. When using additional equipment, you can get the following solutions:

• mounted mower;
• gripping cultivator;
• plow;
• hiller;
• harrow;
• a three-wheeled semi-trailer designed for a load weighing up to 500 kg.

The maximum total weight of the attached additional mechanisms is 30 kg. The disadvantages of the model include an outdated appearance, design configuration (when compared with foreign similar devices, for example, Weima, which has a capacity of 13 hp) and insufficient ergonomics.

This model of a walk-behind tractor is easy to use - this is facilitated by the simplicity of its device. The operating manual is included with the unit, here are just a few tips on how to properly prepare and use the machine.

• Before using it as intended, it is necessary to idle the unit at the lowest power in order to facilitate grinding in the transmission and engine parts.
• Do not forget about regular lubrication of the mechanism components.
• The power take-off shaft must be turned on only after reducing the engine speed and disengaging the clutch, otherwise there is a risk of balls flying and box breakage.
• Attach additional attachments neatly and securely. Also, do not forget about the tight installation of the king pin.
• Before using a walk-behind tractor with a trailer, it is necessary to carefully check the serviceability of the mechanism brakes.
• When operating on excessively heavy and wet soil areas, it is better to replace wheels with pneumatic tires with lugs - disks with special plates, instead of tires.

For correct and long-term use of MTZ-12, you need to adjust the clutch.If the walk-behind tractor jerks when the clutch is pressed, then it is worth tightening the adjusting screw. In the event that, when the clutch is released, the walk-behind tractor moves slower than it should have, it is necessary to slightly loosen the screw.

During operation, various problems and breakdowns may occur. Many of them can be prevented by following the manufacturer's instructions for using the unit.

If you regularly use the walk-behind tractor, and also in the case when the loads on it are too high, there is a high probability of such a problem as a decrease in the clearance between the valves. This manifests itself in interruptions in the operation of the unit and a decrease in the power of the device. In other words, with an increase in valve gaps, extraneous noise appears in the engine operation. The valves do not open completely, and the supply of fuel to the cylinders is disrupted.

If there is a suspicion that such a situation has arisen, then it is necessary to adjust the valves.

• To do this, it is necessary to remove the cover from the flywheel and first prepare a thin blade with a thickness of 0.1-0.15 mm - this is the normal value of the valve spacing.
• Unscrew the nut slightly. Then you need to insert the prepared blade and tighten the nut slightly.
• After that, you need to turn the flywheel - the valve should move easily, but without gaps.
• If necessary, it is better to re-adjust.

If the course of the walk-behind tractor has become uneven, then it is worth checking the tire pressure - most often the cause of such a malfunction is the difference in the tire fullness. If it becomes difficult to operate the machine with attached additional equipment and excessive vibration is felt, check that the attachments are properly secured. Oil leaks if gaskets and seals are ineffective - they should be replaced.

If the box gets very hot, then you need to check the condition of the bearings. In the event of a clutch malfunction, the cause may be deformation of the friction discs, oil contamination, or breakage (loosening) of the cable. An engine malfunction is expressed as reduced power or complete failure to start.

A decrease in power may have the following reasons:

• clogged ventilation filter;
• poor quality of the fuel mixture;
• exhaust system pollution;
• reduction of compression in the cylinder block.

The reason for the appearance of the first three malfunctions is irregular inspection and untimely preventive procedures, but the fourth problem is not so simple - it shows that the cylinder is worn out and repairs are required, possibly even with a complete replacement of the rotor.

How to make a mini tractor from an MTZ-12 walk-behind tractor, see the next video.