Motoblocks "Salyut-5": features, purpose, varieties and operating rules

Motoblocks "Salyut-5" are most often used in garden or vegetable garden plots. This technique is suitable for cultivating soil, plants, cleaning streets from various "obstacles" (debris, snow), transporting goods or other work.

Motoblocks have a gasoline engine with a capacity of 3.5 to 7.5 liters. with., which sets in motion various working elements. At the same time, different trailed means are often used: rotors with special cutters, plows, mowers, snow removal equipment, carts, brushes, sprayers, which can be installed on this walk-behind tractor.

The walk-behind tractor is designed for operation in areas with mild climates. Its use as a soil cultivator will be especially profitable at ambient temperatures from +1 to + 40 ° C. In the case of strict adherence to the operating rules, maintenance and storage, which are indicated in the manual (supplied with the walk-behind tractor), then the service life will be many times longer. Please note that the first 25 hours of operation of the unit are considered the period of "running-in" the engine (grinding the moving parts of the engine to each other) and other mechanisms. Therefore, you should not immediately use the potential of the walk-behind tractor at full capacity immediately from the moment of purchase.

To use a walk-behind tractor, you do not need any special skills, but it must be borne in mind that certain skills are required to use some trailed tools. For example, in the process of soil cultivation, the area between the cutter and the gearbox housing tends to be clogged with various debris. (stones, herbs and other items). If the space is still clogged, in order to avoid failure of the V-belts, it is necessary to stop the engine and clear the objects stuck in the cutters.

The following is a description technical characteristics of the Salyut-5 walk-behind tractor:

• engine type - four-stroke;
• engine manufacturer - Lifan;
• engine volume 0.195 l;
• fuel type - AI-92 gasoline;
• fuel tank volume - 3.6 liters;
• cultivation depth - up to 25 cm;
• transmission type - mechanical;
• clutch type - belt;
• type of cooling - air;
• processing width, cm - 35, 60, 80;
• diameter of rotating elements, cm (cutter 31, wheels 39-41);
• clearance, 11-12 cm;
• oil for the TM-5-18 gearbox (TAD-17I);
• the amount of oil required by the gearbox - 1.1 l;
• maximum speed, km / h (in the case of a small diameter of the output shaft pulley 2.8-6.3 km / h, when working with a large pulley diameter of 3.5-7.8 km / h);
• assembled dimensions, 151x62x133.5 cm;
• weight, 62-82 kg.

• Motoblocks are light. They have a capacity of 2.5 to 4.5 liters. with., weight no more than 80 kg. The width of the cultivated surface is up to 90 cm, the depth of the cultivated soil is up to 20 cm. Often this type of motoblocks is equipped with a four-stroke engine.
• Motoblocks are average. They have a capacity of up to 7 liters. sec., weight up to 100 kg.Many of these units are equipped with a transmission that has two speeds forward and one reverse. Such units are universal devices, due to the fact that various additional equipment can be selected for them.
• Motoblocks are heavy. Mostly they have a capacity of up to 16 liters. with. and weighing from 100 kg. They are mainly used on a professional scale, for example, in farming. For such machines, alternatives in attachments can be found in large numbers.

The advantages of these units are as follows.

• The manufacturer uses engines from well-known world manufacturers (Lifan, Subaru, Honda, Briggs & Stratton, Vanguard).
• Motoblocks are equipped with robust gear reducers that combine the reverse function, reliability and ease of use.
• The V-belt transmission has two belts. This ensures comfortable work due to less belt slippage.
• For forward movement there are 2 gears and 1 reverse gear.
• Convenient switching to a lower speed range.
• Due to the presence of a power take-off shaft, it is possible to connect trailed vehicles.
• Due to the shifted center of gravity down and forward, the walk-behind tractors have acquired excellent stability.
• Steering column that can be adjusted in two planes.
• Possibility of combining standardized attachments from different manufacturers.
• The simple design of the walk-behind tractor, which makes it easier to work behind it.
• Processing width up to 90 cm.
• Compact dimensions.
• Quiet engine operation.

The technique also has disadvantages.

• There is little doubt about the Lifan engine. It is inferior in reliability to engines from Honda, Briggs & Stratton, Subaru, Vanguard, so it is worth choosing those units on which engines from these manufacturers.
• The design of the belt drive is quite reliable, but there are many reviews that talk about the mediocre quality of the belts, they have to be changed often.
• Increased fuel consumption.

After analyzing the above, we can conclude that the cultivators of the Salyut-5 series are reliable and unpretentious in operation. If you choose among the entire model range, then you should pay attention to the units in which the engine of one of the manufacturers is installed (Honda, Briggs & Stratton, Subaru, Vanguard).

The device of the walk-behind tractor is shown in the diagrams.

1 - wheel, 2 - handle, 3 - engine, 4 - fuel tank, 5 - V-belt transmission cover, 6 - rack handle, 7 - gear shift lever, 8 - steering rack, 9 - clamp for fixing the handles of the walk-behind tractor, 10 - handles motoblock control, 11 - pivot, 12 - bracket, 13 - opener bar, 14 - bolt m10 with a hole, 15 - nut m10, 16 - lock, 17 - lock, 18 - opener holder, 19 - axis, 20 - lock (diagram 1).

1 - throttle control lever, 2 - fuel tank, 3 - fuel cock, 4 - motor-block reducer, 5 - axle, 6 - wheel, 7 - clutch control lever, 8 - clutch control cable, 9 - throttle control cable, 10 - shield (diagram 2).

There are also complete sets of units with a starter (diagram 3). There are several types: spring and electric. Spring starter - easy to install, quickly starts the engine, its spring works on a semiautomatic device, it accelerates the engine. The electric starter is powered by a battery, this is what determines the power of the starter and its service life.

To facilitate cornering with a walk-behind tractor, manufacturers also install differentials., the principle of its operation is that it distributes power between the wheels of the unit.Since the wheel that is on the outer arc of the turning path travels a longer distance than the wheel on the inner arc, the rotation must be faster. Otherwise, it will lead to slipping of the mechanism. The diagram shows a walk-behind tractor bridge with a differential installed on it (diagram 4).

The principle of operation is to transfer torque from the engine to the chassis. In addition, it is possible to launch rotating devices on an attachable landing. The control is carried out due to the handles on which the throttle, clutch and gearshift levers are attached.

Motoblocks do not need any professional knowledge or complex specific care from the owner. Brief instructions for preparing the Salyut-5 walk-behind tractor for work are presented below.

• Before starting the engine, it is worth making sure that all components are accurately connected. You should also focus on the oil, fuel and coolant levels, since even the short-term operation of the walk-behind tractor engine without the required amount of fluids can lead to serious consequences.
• Before using the technique, it is worth paying attention to the gear ratios.
• When working on slopes, under no circumstances should you engage in neutral gear or roll the machine, disengage the clutch and move laterally.
• If there is a trailer when driving a walk-behind tractor, then the trailer brakes are used for braking. Since it is unacceptable to use downshifting or disengaging the clutch to reduce speed.
• The attachment must be raised before reversing or turning.
• When reversing, keep a distance from the cutters to avoid injury.

• To change the depth of tillage, it is worth using the coulter bar, the deeper it goes into the ground, the deeper the cultivation depth.
• If the walk-behind tractor stops moving, and the cutters are buried in the ground, you need to slightly lift the unit by the handles.
• On hard soil types, for better soil crushing, you can go through the cultivated area in several steps.
• If the soil to be cultivated is loose, try to avoid burying the cutters, thereby overloading the motor.
• It is also necessary to timely change such components as the drive wheel disc, drive belts. When replacing pulleys, it is unacceptable to install a new one with a large diameter (all work on replacing and adjusting units must be performed with the engine turned off).
• Upon completion of the work, the engine is put into idle mode, they wait for the engine to run like this for 23 minutes, shut it off and close the fuel cock.

In the next video, you will be harvesting potatoes with the Salyut-5 walk-behind tractor.