Description of wooden dowels and rules for their installation

When constructing various building structures, a wide variety of fasteners and other parts are required to ensure strength and reliability. When creating structures from wood, you should use special pins... These elements are guides that are necessary when attaching a bar. Today we will talk about the most significant features of such pins and how to install them correctly.

Wooden dowels are considered a necessary element for the installation of large timber structures. They allow you to prevent displacement of the structure in the future, and also provide protection against possible deformations, because even well-dried material can lose its shape over time due to excess moisture and other natural factors.... The wooden dowel will not become a source of condensation in the finished structure, nor will it be susceptible to the formation of a corrosive layer.

Such additional mounting parts can easily absorb the bending load. During the manufacture, all wooden pins are necessarily processed with the help of special protective impregnations. They will prevent the process of rotting during operation, extend the service life of the wooden structure.

Wooden pins can be produced in various versions. They may differ from each other depending on the material from which they are made.... In production, such elements can be made from different types of wood. You can often find models made of birch, pine, beech, oak. But at the same time, samples from pine are more often produced, compared to other options, they have an affordable cost. Also, similar wooden parts differ in cross-sectional shape.

Models with this type of section are often called cylindrical. They allow you to provide the largest area of ​​contact with the inside of the seats. Such pins can easily withstand heavy loads; as a rule, they are used to strengthen external wall coverings, as well as to fix the corners of a log house.

These samples can be used in the construction of lightweight buildings. They are also often used in the construction of internal partitions from a bar. With a dense installation of such pins, all the load goes to the sharp ends, they fold evenly and make the contact area much larger. The square model is much easier to install than the previous version.

Such mounting varieties are considered to be a lightweight version of the square model. They are used in the process of securing window and door openings. They are also sometimes used in the construction of lightweight decorative structures.

Wooden pins can be classified into groups and according to their size. At the same time, there are standard values ​​that should be taken into account when purchasing such parts.So, the diameter of models with a circular cross-section should be at least 1/6 of the width of a wooden bar. The length of the element should be 1.5 times the height of the bar.

In this case, the diameter of the mounting holes is made about 0.5-1 mm less than the diameter of the nail. Hardware stores can offer the following standard models of wood dowels: cylindrical products with a diameter of 15 to 30 mm, square varieties with a side of 20-25 mm. The length of the blanks will be up to 1100 millimeters, although some copies are made longer.

Before you buy pins, it is necessary to decide what kind of material they should be made of... So, if you will use them for the installation of pine or spruce structures, then birch models should be preferred. If you plan to use pins for larch structures, then you can purchase parts from the same material.

If you do not want to purchase wooden pins in specialized stores, then you can make them yourself. First, you will need to prepare all the relevant materials and tools. For manufacturing, you need a lathe. If it is not there, then you can use a shovel handle, but at the same time its diameter should be about 40 millimeters. From the end, you will need to remove excess layers, while giving the product a conical shape. This can be done with a planer or an ax.

From the landing edge, carefully chamfer under a cone with a height of 8-10 millimeters. The surface must be protected from irregularities in advance, it is better to do this with the help of abrasive material. If you need rectangular samples, then they can be formed by taking the remnants of the edged board. Cutting is recommended to be done with a circular saw or an electric jigsaw. In this case, from the landing part of the edge of the ribs, it is necessary to cut a little at an angle of 50-60 degrees.

In order for the finished wooden structure to serve as long as possible, all wooden pins should be installed correctly. Installation is carried out in several main stages.

First you need to place the element correctly. Beforehand, it is better to make markings on a wooden surface with a pencil. At the same time, do not forget that all the mounting holes for the dowels should be located along the entire perimeter of the structure, the distance between them should be about 1.5-2 meters. The first mark should be made at a distance of 400-700 millimeters from the edge of the wooden beam.

Each bar must be attached to the upper and lower sections with different dowels. In each crown, the landing part should be slightly pushed back (0.5 meters). Repetition is allowed every 2 or 3 rows. All holes are drilled in the central part of the timber, their depth should exceed the height of the wooden dowel by 15-20 millimeters.

At this stage of installing the nail on the tree, you need to choose the right tool. It is best to use a drill to form the holes. If you plan to form places with a diameter of more than 12 millimeters, then preference should be given to models of a low-speed type. And at the same time, its power should not be less than 1200 watts.

The drill for such a drill must necessarily be 30-35 millimeters higher in height compared to the height of the dowel. In addition, it is better to choose such nozzles so that they can ensure the removal of chips formed during the drilling process.The best option would be wood milling drills. Decide in advance on the diameter of the nozzle. It is better to have 6-8 of these parts for a drill in stock at once.

The hole for the dowel is formed by a drill in two crowns at once. To prevent the structure from shifting during the drilling process, it is necessary to securely and firmly fix both the lower and upper timber.

At this final stage of the assembly, the parts are mounted in the prepared fittings "in tightness". This will require considerable effort. Remember that the deeper the wooden pin goes into the hole, the harder you will have to drive it in. Sometimes, when driving in, parts crack and collapse, while the upper part will grind. You can use soapy water to reduce friction. You cannot use paraffin or construction lubricants for this.

When installing, it is imperative to have a mallet (made of wood or rubber) at hand, as well as a light and heavy hammer. The blows on the part must be applied strictly in an upright position. If you are using a metal device for this, then it is better to take a special protective cap from trimming boards of small thickness or plywood.

If a crack appears in the element during installation, then you should drill it out and repeat the procedure. To ensure greater reliability, you can additionally glue the dowel on the wood into the hole made.

You can find out how to choose pins for timber and logs from the video below.