Beautiful gates and gates for private houses

If a theater begins with a coat rack, then a country house begins with a gate and a wicket. Therefore, it is very important to install not only functional and practical products, but also beautiful ones. But before heading to the store, you need to study this issue thoroughly.

After a piece of land is purchased, the first thing to do is to fence it off. They fence off not only future country estates, but also summer cottages. For this purpose, either brick, or lattice, or corrugated fences are used. This is done in order to prevent the theft of building materials and to separate from neighbors. Depending on the type of fence, choose a wicket and an entrance gate.

The main difficulties occur when choosing a gate, since they are selected based on the type of terrain, the dimensions of the house and the area of ​​the site. The main purpose of the gate, the location of the street, and the width of the roadway are also important.

Entrance gates in most cases consist of a frame sash, sash filler, movement fittings and support posts.

For a private house and for giving, wickets with gates have a universal purpose. With their help you can not only organize entry-exit and entry-exit from the territory, but also, together with blind fences, "insulate" the site. This is especially important to take into account during the winter season, when cold northerly winds can negatively affect the planted trees and shrubs.

If in panel houses doors are the entrance to the house, they protect against unauthorized entry and indicate the material wealth of the owner, then in the private sector this role is assigned directly to the gates.

Some wooden structures, erected both 50 and 100 years ago, have survived to this day, but they need good care, otherwise the support or swing system will become unusable. From the point of view of modern fashion, these buildings are outdated, they were replaced by improved technological products, but it is important that they also serve faithfully for several decades.

The structure consists of a capitally welded frame, which is made of a profile or steel pipe. Only stainless material is suitable for the profile, otherwise the product must be periodically painted. Professional pipes are also used for the construction of gates.

In the old days, welded sheets were ordered at Soviet factories, they were not works of art and were used only to fencing off the land plot from the roadway. This was especially true in the 90s of the last century.

But years passed, times changed, fashion and material well-being of people changed, and cast-iron gates were replaced by inexpressive rectangular welded gates - this is a whole work of art. They were cast by masters of their craft, patterns and ornaments of such gates and gates could take any shape. This technology is still in demand, but it is offered for a lot of money.

Alternatively, many country house owners order corrugated board structures. Such gates are perfectly combined with the main fence, if desired, you can install it in such a way that the entrance and exit will not be visible from afar.

But if the perimeter of the house is surrounded by stone structures, then forged or lattice gates are mounted for beauty. To create a thermal effect, they are sheathed with polycarbonate sheets, and a seal is also mounted. In this case, polycarbonate can be not only transparent, but also matte. In hardware stores, you can choose a material of any color - from common shades to exotic colors.

Beautiful metal structures are obtained when using euro shtaketnik. For its production, a special technology is used - first, the metal sheets are cut in a special way, and then the resulting scraps are fixed symmetrically on the guides.

Experts and ordinary people strongly recommend not to give up the gate. Saving a little money on its installation, you can create some inconvenience to yourself, the main of which will be the constant opening and closing of the gate. After all, in order to let someone in or out from the territory, you will need to open the gate. If the fence is equipped with a separate entrance, then such difficulties will not arise.

As a rule, a separate entrance for people is a small single-leaf door that opens onto the road. Depending on the preferences of the owners, it can be deaf or latticed. For aesthetics, it should be combined with a central vehicle entrance. Equip it with either a bell or a video intercom; for small areas, a hanging knocker is enough - a door knocker.

Directly gates are swing, sliding, folding and lift-and-turn. Retractable, in turn, are subdivided into suspended and console. Swing gates are most often installed.

In terms of economy, this is the cheapest option. Moreover, the wicket can be mounted directly into the structure. This is done in order not to complicate the installation process. For such a design, two supports are sufficient. In the classic version, in which the wicket is mounted separately, additional support is required.

Hinges are welded to the vertical supports, they can be metal or made of polymer. The sashes are hung directly on the hinges. In which direction the gate will open and close - only the owner of the site chooses.

Keep in mind that in order for the sashes not to negatively affect the hinges and frames, it is recommended to use lightweight material when sheathing them. Heavy under its own weight can sag, pull out supports, and in some cases even deform the fence.

To lock the swinging structures, a powerful bolt is mounted, it is he who contributes to the fact that the sashes do not sag during the period of operation. The spring retainer ensures the correct position of the canvases in the open state, and in the closed state this role is assigned to the limiter.

Swing structures are mounted simply and easily. There are several options, each of which is suitable not only for wealthy people, but also for less wealthy citizens - from forged metal to gates and gates made of corrugated board.

As noted earlier, the main disadvantage of this variety is considered to be the sagging of the valves, which ultimately leads to loosening of the pillars. A high-quality foundation will allow you to increase the service life. If you save on this, then the repair will cost a pretty penny.Another disadvantage is called the periodic clearing of the space - from snow, foliage in order to open or close the entrance.

Electric swing gates provide opening and closing thanks to two drives. In most cases, the opening is adjusted inside the site, so it is very important that the space is free all the time, otherwise damage will be caused not only to the metal structure, but also to movable property.

Roadbed should not have drops and rises. Because of them, the lower edge of the flaps can touch the road. When using automation, this will damage the product.

Even more requirements for the evenness of the surface have sliding gates, which are popularly called sliding or sliding. They consist of a canvas, parallel guides installed from below and from above, as well as a roller base. The roller base is made of metal or caprolon.

The movement of the canvas is carried out along a horizontal line, therefore, differences are unacceptable. To accommodate the roller base, a foundation is erected, where all the filling is "hidden". A block is installed for automated work.

For cladding of metal structures, corrugated board or sheet metal is purchased, if desired, it is not forbidden to use a tree or mesh-netting. By the way, the netting is additionally covered with polymer, which provides protection from precipitation, therefore periodic staining is not required.

The main advantages are considered compactness. For such structures, free space is not important, the wind does not exert any pressure on such gates, there is no need to clear the entrance of snow. In this case, in the winter, it is necessary to monitor the roller base.

As noted earlier, sliding gates are also suspended and cantilevered. Suspended gates are least often mounted; for this, a metal beam is welded from above, and canvases are hung on it. The main disadvantage is the height limiter - it will not be possible to bring building materials on a truck through such an entrance... If the height of the supports is increased, this will lead to a rise in price, and the wind load will also increase.

The cantilever version does not have height limits, for which it is not necessary to mount the roller system in the foundation. The movement is carried out thanks to the cantilever blocks, or rather, the beam, which can be installed below, in the middle or on top of the canvas.

Some people, due to the limited space, attach a garage to the entrance, so the entrance gate does not lead to the territory of the site, but directly to the garage. And already in the garage, a doorway is mounted, which provides an entrance to the main house. Therefore, to implement the plan, overhead gates are mounted. The sash covers the entire opening, the brush seal protects against wind and precipitation. Directly lifting and closing is carried out by means of hinge-lever fittings.

Plastic rollers move the web along guides that are installed on the ceiling and on the sides. When the sash is fully open, it is positioned parallel to the floor on the ceiling. The operation of the linkage mechanism is carried out thanks to the drive.

The sash itself is made of sandwich panels, which are double aluminum or steel sheets. Since this entrance leads to the territory of the house, the canvas is insulated, a polyurethane foam insulation is mounted between the sheets. Its thickness should not be less than 40 cm.

For cladding, an imitation of marble, copper or a bronze base is recommended, depending on the color of the house or fence. It is not forbidden to use a tree, but remember that it must be protected from atmospheric precipitation and from pests. By the way, it is used for cladding and profiled sheet. Steel sheets are pre-coated with powder paint.

When using the lift-and-turn system, there is no dependence on the availability of free space, since the opening is carried out in height inside the room. The wicket is mounted directly into the curtain.

It is impossible not to mention the disadvantages of such gates. First of all, we are talking about weak protection against unauthorized hacking. When using poor insulation, there is a high probability of icing and there is lifting limit - no more than 10-12 times a day. During repairs, the entire sash is replaced, not part of it. Decorating such a structure is difficult.

The mechanism of folding gates is to use several parts of the telescopic sash. These parts are sequentially closed and opened.

Cheap options for folding gates resemble an "accordion", aluminum leaves are connected by hinges, rubber is laid between them, which provides protection from the wind. The canvases move along special guides. There is less free space for this type of work, in contrast to swing gates.

They can be single-leaf and double-leaf, they are equipped with windows. In addition, the gates differ not only in the opening pattern, but also in decor and dimensions.

How the entrance gate opens - it was discussed earlier, the opening mechanism depends on the type of hardware. Ordinary hinges are mounted in swinging versions, roller base - with sliding and swing-lifting.

The choice of the scheme will be determined by the free space, the financial situation of the owner and his needs. Keep in mind if it is planned to periodically import building materials or large household appliances and massive furniture into the territory of the site, there should be no height restrictions.

When installing the entrance gates and wickets, they try to take into account the standard, according to which the height of the pillars should be 3-3.5 m, the height of the shutters itself should be 1.8-2 m, the width of the entrance is 3.6-4 m, and the wickets should be 1- 1.2 m.

Such a limitation is not imposed on the overall structures, but it is important to know that the support pillars and the foundation are necessarily strengthened. Otherwise, the frame will sag, the support will tear out, which can lead not only to damage to the fence, but also harm the health of people passing by.

It is useful to know that if the adjacent road is narrow, then the flaps should have different widths. For example, the widest one is used for the entry and exit of personal vehicles, and the additional sash opens only for the movement of heavy trucks.

In old merchant houses, not only the architraves and the porch were decorated with carved inserts, but the entrance gates and gates were also decorated with them. Today they try to give up wood, this material breaks easily, is prone to decay and deterioration.

At the present time, they are trying to make street entrance structures for centuries. Paint is applied to prevent rust.

Forged gates and wickets are open and closed. When using the first type, the entire view of the courtyard is at a glance, and in a closed type, metal elements are attached to the steel sheet.With the help of special technology, the blacksmith can create not only the family coat of arms, but also various patterns, monograms, drawings.

First of all, for example, the installation of swing gates and, in parallel, the installation of a single-leaf wicket will be considered. Often this option is used to enter the territory.

A reasonable question arises - what tools will be needed? At first, of course, you will need a drill. It can be a dacha drill, a fishing ice drill or a motor drill. The last two varieties, as a rule, do not differ in large size, while the work is faster with a motor drill.

The main feature of the dacha drill is the ability to "build up" it. For this, a conventional threaded pipe is used. In combination with the product itself, you can drill up to 1.5-2 m.

In the first stages, you will also need a laser rangefinder. It is important that it has an error of no more than 1.5 mm. It can be replaced by a tape measure 3-5 m long. With their help, the terrain is marked. The required dimensions of gates and wickets have already been indicated earlier, it is important to observe them.

It is important to prepare a wheelbarrow for the removal of the vacated land. The first 30-40 cm is, as a rule, a fertile layer, it can be used for its intended purpose - spread out in beds or greenhouses. Further, depending on the terrain, either clay or rocks will go.

If the soil is slightly moistened, drilling will not be so difficult, but it will become more difficult to pull it out. The most difficult situation is with the drilling of stone; in some cases, scrap will be required to crush it.

After the first meter has been passed, you need to lengthen the drill and continue working. A metal pipe is usually 3-3.5 m in size. Provided that about 2 m should protrude above the surface of the earth, the rest of it sinks into the ground. The height is most conveniently measured with a rangefinder. There should be three such holes - two for the gate and one for the wicket.

It is necessary to take into account the height of the groundwater table. If after the fertile layer there is clay, then more crushed stone is added as drainage, and if rocks - a sand mixture. The required amount of cement-sand composition is mixed in a concrete mixer.

At the bottom of the pit, a "pillow" is poured, consisting of a layer of crushed stone and a layer of sand, and compaction is performed. A profile or metal pipe - with dimensions of 100x100 or with a diameter of 80-100 mm, respectively, is immersed in a pit. While one person holds it, the second pours the resulting consistency inside. If the installation is carried out by one person, then the pipe is driven into the ground using a sledgehammer. To enhance the effect, a reinforcing mesh is used.

Some builders, instead of cement, use the middle fraction of crushed stone, which is laid in layers using scrap, periodically flooded with water to properly position the stones. To prevent the pipe from leading, it is important to support it.

If a profile pipe was used, then its upper part must be closed with a plastic stopper, but before that, cement is poured into the profile. The plastic plug provides protection from atmospheric precipitation, as a result, in the summer season, the metal will not begin to rust from the inside, and in the winter, the water in the pipe will not freeze, which means that the profile will not burst.

While the cement-sand mixture is solidifying, so as not to waste time in vain, a metal profile with dimensions 40x25 is cut for two leaves and for a wicket.Keep in mind that for maximum fixation and to give strength to the metal structure, stiffeners are mounted - for this, it is enough to weld a diagonal guide. To cut the metal profile, an angle grinder is used, popularly referred to as the "Bulgarian", and for welding - a special apparatus.

The corners are welded to the metal supports, and the hinges are already welded to them and to the frame. Do not forget to take into account the minimum distance from the ground - the frame should not sag and touch the surface. After the concrete mixture has completely dried, it will remain to hang the canvases. Sheets of corrugated board, picket fence or other decorative element are mounted directly to the frame. If you plan to decorate metal posts with brickwork, then the hinge elements are mounted directly into the brick.

The installation of the corrugated board is carried out using a screwdriver, special self-tapping screws, matched to the color of the sheets, as well as using a rivet. The riveter is of two types - in the form of a pistol and two-handed. The second, by the way, is more convenient to perform this operation. The place for the rivets is pre-drilled; a screwdriver or electric drill is suitable for this. The rivet firmly fixes a sheet of corrugated board with a metal profile, thanks to which it will not be possible to dismantle the gate or wicket without damaging the product.

The location of the hinges determines where the gate will open - either to the courtyard or to the street. Remember that if the carriageway is narrow or vehicles periodically stand on it, then the opening is best organized inward.

A powerful bolt is installed to close the doors, it has a positive effect on the structure, thanks to it, the frame will not sag during operation.

A lock is cut into the gate, a ring for the latch is additionally welded onto the support. It remains to equip the gate with a peephole or a video intercom. To strengthen the structure an additional metal beam can be welded on top.

Otherwise, the installation of a mobile structure is carried out. Since the movement is carried out on rollers, a special rail or metal profile is installed on the surface, the gate is equipped with a roller base and fixing brackets on top.

To strengthen the structure and to protect against strong winds, a strip foundation is poured under the wicket and under the gate. To do this, a trench is dug with a shovel with a rounded blade for the entire length of the structure and an additional margin of 30 cm on each side is taken into account.The width of the trench should not be less than 40 cm, 150 cm will need to be dug in depth.

Pits are prepared for metal supports. The drilling procedure has already been described earlier, so there is no point in repeating this. A layer of sand is laid at the bottom of the trench, subsequently it is spilled with water. Pillars are inserted into the prepared holes; to fix them before concreting, the pits are clogged with construction waste - bricks, remnants of tiles or stones.

After that, the reinforcement is welded to the metal posts for strapping them. Experts recommend using three rows of 12 mm reinforcement, each subsequent row is attached above the previous one. The ends of the reinforcement should protrude 20-22 cm; for this, a trench was pulled out with a margin. The last row should be at least 10-13 cm below the ground.

The foundation is poured into the pre-assembled formwork. In order to save money, you can refuse it. The choice remains only with the owner of the country house. Direct pouring can be carried out with or without interruptions.The first option is used for the durability of the foundation. Before pouring, a channel is installed, it must be located in the same plane with the base. The evenness of the surface is measured using a building level, ideally, the foundation should not have drops.

If the time allows, then the supports for the gate are made of concrete or brick. You should know that concrete hardens within a month. It is important to use steel mortgages when erecting brick or concrete pillars - three elements are enough for one support.

During the drying time of the foundation, it is required to make a metal frame from a profile on which the facing material will be attached in the future, and a support frame. Cutting and cleaning of the metal profile is carried out using a grinder.

The location of the frame will depend on the use of one sash or two, as well as on further sheathing. If it is planned to sheathe only the front part, then the pipes move to the edges, and if on both sides, they are located in the middle.

Please be aware that all metal parts must be degreased... For this, a solvent is used, after which a primer is used. After waiting for it to dry, a rail purchased in advance from a store is welded to the bottom of the supporting frame.

Experts advise to weld the guide rail, as well as pipes, staggered. When welded crosswise, the support frame does not lead, otherwise the consequences can be dire. The seams are cleaned with an angle grinder and then re-primed. When the primer is dry, you can paint the product, preferably in two coats. From an aesthetic point of view, the paint should be matched to the color of the main fence.

A panel is perfect for cladding. The paneled gates are vandal-proof, used in all weather conditions, they do not need to be looked after, they will serve for more than 30 years. They are fastened with a rivet or using a welding machine.

The next step is to install the structure. To do this, carriages are exposed on the channel, they must be extended as far as possible. In this case, it is important to take into account the dimensions of the roller - the carriage should not adjoin the opening, the indentation should be at least 15-17 cm. The procedure is performed from both sides.

In the future, the frame is put on the carriages. If its position is even, it is welded to the channel, while it is important to periodically check the evenness using a building level. As a result, the carriage platform is completely welded.

The next step is to weld on the top roller. At the beginning, it is welded to the lower catcher, and later to the upper one. The catchers themselves are attached to metal supports, and if concrete pillars were used, to mortgages.

Mechanisms of this kind can fail in the winter season, in contrast to cantilever gates. Insulation is not required for them, since they do not come into contact with ground guides. They do not need a height limiter either, while one support is enough, which significantly saves time during installation.

The entire installation procedure described earlier is also suitable for this type, only the guide beam is attached to the frame itself from below. A roller base is mounted inside this beam. Folding and up-and-over doors in the private sector are installed very rarely due to the high cost and complexity of installation, so it is not advisable to dwell on this in more detail.

Often, sliding gates are equipped with automation. Automatic opening of the swing gate is carried out thanks to two mechanisms - a linear and a lever drive. The linear electric drive is somewhat like an oblong box. The operation of the mechanism is not difficult, reliability guarantees trouble-free service life.

There is a long screw inside the box, which facilitates the operation of the gearbox. As a result, the canvas either opens or closes. The body itself is made of high-quality metal, which must be painted. Powder-coated paint is ideal. Unfortunately, other species quickly deteriorate under the influence of atmospheric precipitation.

The motor is mounted on a support. If brickwork acts as a pillar, then several bricks must first be removed in it. In order for the box to fit inside the support, experts advise mounting the movable beam approximately in the center of the canvas.

It is very important to keep in mind that all wiring must be pre-wired and "walled up" in plastic tubes. They protect against moisture and insects. Paving slabs can be laid on top of the communication. Fixing the ends of the plastic tubes to the brickwork is carried out using special brackets.

The connection must be made according to the instructions. For many models, the connection principle may differ. Under no circumstances should this work be carried out in the rain or snow, it is fraught with electric shock. It is important to consider the emphasis when setting up, if, of course, it is planned for installation.

The linkage motor gets its name from the two levers. A gearbox is installed directly in the housing. One end of the arm is connected to the motor and the other to the leaf. Such a mechanism allows you to open the gate inside the courtyard, regardless of the width of the supports.

From an aesthetic point of view, the owners of country houses are stri. It is concreted into the ground, only a lever protrudes from the outside.

As for the configuration, the product consists of two electric drives and a control unit. Actuators are left and right mounted, some manufacturers add a warning light, radio, antenna and photocells. They are designed so that the gate leaves do not accidentally crush pets, children or the elderly who did not have time to enter and exit within the proposed time limit. And as for the warning light, it warns pedestrians about the beginning of the opening of the gate.

Keep in mind that before you go to the hardware store, you need to take measurements not only of the canvas, but also of the supports, photograph the gate as a whole, and in particular the hinges, as well as the method of their fastening.

Sliding gates are most often equipped with automatic drives that have a gear, it is she who drives the mechanism. A toothed guide is fixed on the canvas itself, which moves the gate to the right and left.

The installation of this system is not much different from that described earlier, the drives of the recoil system, which even have a power equal to 550-600 N / m, are also supplied with photocells, but the speed of movement must be adjusted taking into account force majeure situations. Many products are equipped with a "wicket" function - the sash opens a short distance, sufficient for a person to enter and exit.

Electric motors are capable of moving gates weighing up to 2000 kg. Of course, such drives cost much more than those suitable for domestic use. But if the main focus is on security and protection against hacking, then there is no need to save money in this matter.

The choice of the product will also be influenced by the frequency of opening and closing. The cheapest options from frequent use will be disabled automatically, otherwise the product will simply fail.

Necessary take care of backup power in advance. Although some models are equipped with rechargeable batteries, power from the generator will not be superfluous. Above, automatic opening modes were considered, but most often in suburban settlements, semi-automatic modes are implemented - from the remote control.

In this case, the opening is realized not with a relative proximity to the gate, but with a button. There are two types of remotes - with floating and fixed code. A control panel with a latching code has in its memory a certain combination of frequencies, which is responsible for a particular action. Given the modern technological world, this is bad, since today not only houses, but also cars, but even people's pockets are stuffed with electronics. If the combination matches, the doors will automatically open, and any stranger will be able to enter the territory of the country house.

A partial way out of the situation will be to reprogram the remote control, but no one will guarantee that the signal will not be picked up, because, for example, a neighbor can buy a lamp working from the remote control tomorrow and accidentally open the reprogrammed gate. But an accidental discovery is half the trouble, much worse when the attackers read the code on purpose and after the owners drive away, they penetrate not only the courtyard, but also the house.

Rolling code remotes have several hundred thousand and sometimes millions of combinations. They never repeat themselves. The system is programmed in such a way that upon recognition of a signal, it opens or closes the gate. If the signal does not match the queue, no action will be taken. The likelihood of matching codes with alternative remotes is relatively small.

Receiving equipment sold in stores can work with both type 1 and type 2 remotes. It is mounted according to the instructions in relative proximity to the gate leaves. The radius of action allows you to open the gate in advance, which will provide free entry to the territory.

Before arranging the central entrance and entrance, it is necessary to think in advance about the location of the wicket, whether it will be built into the gate or separate. Keep in mind that the built-in options have a threshold that you need to constantly step over. This can be difficult for young children or the elderly.

Both sound and light accompaniment... This is especially important to consider on poorly lit streets. If the swing gate is opened, a moving vehicle can enter the structure.

In the event of a power outage, the mechanism must be locked and unlocked. Otherwise, it will not be possible to get inside, and if the light was turned off at the moment of opening, then the gate will remain open, which is fraught with unauthorized entry by intruders. In this case, do not forget about the alarm. She will warn about hacking attempts.

Swing gates open and close faster. The speed of the recoil is usually 20 percent lower. But the sliding ones take up less space, their sash is completely hidden along the fence.

Blind gates and wickets are able to hide the interior from outsiders, but their decor will not have a zest, unlike open options - forged or carved.Lattice structures, in turn, are the lightest, which favorably affects the support pillars. Folding views are more suitable when combining the entrance directly to the garage. Well, which one to choose is the right of the owner of a private house.

This section will present unusual options for gates and wickets. Remember that even cheap structures can be decorated in such a way that all neighbors will envy, for this it is enough to use only 3D stickers.

For information on how to make a gate with a wicket with your own hands, see the next video.