Gooseberry Malachite

Gooseberry Malachite
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: K. D. Sergeeva (All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture named after I.V. Michurin)
  • Appeared when crossing: Black Negus x Date
  • Year of approval: 1959
  • Growth type: vigorous
  • Description of the bush: sprawling, dense
  • Escapes: growing - of medium thickness, curved, light green, with a slight anthocyanin coloration, non-pubescent: lignified - of medium thickness, intertwining
  • Thorniness: medium
  • Thorns: single, less often 2-3-spaced, of medium length and thickness, straight, dark-colored, directed perpendicular to the shoot or up
  • Sheet: large, grayish green, matte, pubescent, smooth, concave
  • Spike location: located along its entire length, the lower internodes are covered with spines
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Gooseberry Malachite - the culture has been tested both by time and by a number of generations of experienced gardeners. It is distinguished by an unprecedentedly high level of winter hardiness, fast fruiting times, long periods of productive growth and excellent taste. Some disadvantages, of course, are present, but this is precisely the smallness that in practice does not mean anything in comparison with the worthy result obtained.

Breeding history

Work on the creation of culture was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture. IV Michurin in the post-war years by a group of specialists under the leadership of K. D. Sergeeva. In the course of the work, the task was to obtain a culture for growing in regions with unstable weather conditions. The goal was achieved by the beginning of the 60s by crossing the Black Negus and the Date. It was entered in the State Register in 1959. According to the recommendations of the originator, the variety is intended for cultivation in household plots located throughout Russia. The purpose of the fruit is technical, with good transportability.

Description of the variety

The bushes of the culture are vigorous (up to 130 cm), spreading, thickened, with medium thorniness. However, in the area of ​​the base, they are compact, not prone to the formation of strong growth.

Annual shoots do not have thorns, with weak pubescence, green color, in the lower part of brownish shades. The bark of 2-year-old shoots and older is grayish, slightly rough, with sparse thorns evenly spaced along the length of the branches. Thorns of a single structure, less often 2-3-spaced, short, slightly thickened, dark-colored, directed perpendicular to the shoots or upward. The shoots themselves are slightly thickened, arched; lignified - intertwined, short. Shoot recovery development is high.

The leaves are large, grayish-green, slightly pubescent, with a smooth plate, concave, with serrated tops.

The flowers are medium, bell-shaped, brightly colored. They usually appear in the second decade of May. Inflorescences are one-two-flowered.

The variety is positioned as self-pollinated, does not need additional pollinators.

Of the pluses, we note:

  • the fast timing of the onset of fruiting in the second year of growth;

  • long cycle of productive life of shrubs up to 10-12 years;

  • small prickling;

  • high level of winter hardiness;

  • excellent presentation of berries;

  • high level of fruit usefulness;

  • excellent taste properties of fruits;

  • the versatility of berries in their application.

The culture is productively and successfully grown in the northern latitudes, as well as in the Central, Volga-Vyatka, Middle Volga, Nizhnevolzhsky, Ural, North-West and other regions of Russia.

Characteristics of berries

During ripening, the fruits are intensely green in color. However, in the course of ripening, the peel becomes thinner and gets a golden color. The peel is translucent, stands out with strong venation and a light waxy bloom, not pubescent. Fruits are large in size (weighing 4.5-6 g), round or pear-shaped. The consistency is delicate, it has a significant amount of vitamin C and pectins.By chemical composition: sugars - 8.6%, titrated acids - 2.0%, ascorbic acid - 23.0-40.8 mg / 100 g

Ripe berries do not fall off within 1-1.5 weeks, but it is not recommended to transport them over long distances - the peel is too thin. Consumer properties last no longer than 6-7 days in refrigeration units.

Taste qualities

By taste, the berries are sour, with a rich aroma. Tasting score in points - 3.7.

Ripening and fruiting

The culture is positioned as mid-season (mid-early). The ripening period is extended. Fruiting starts in the second half of July. Berries of the first cut have a satisfactory keeping quality, but they are used more often for processing. The bushes reach the highest yield by 3-4 years of growth. The fruits ripen periodically almost until September.

Yield

The average yield is 12.6 t / ha (3.8 kg / bush).

Landing

Planting sites should be sunny and calm. Smooth areas with low elevations are desirable. We do not recommend planting seedlings in lowlands, in swampy areas and in places with acidified soil, as well as with groundwater close to the surface (limitation - 1-1.5 m).

During planting, they maintain a distance of at least 1.3-1.6 m between the bushes, since their crowns are spreading.

For the bushes, pits 50-60 cm in diameter and similar depth are prepared. The bottom is usually drained with rubble or broken brick. A mound of nutritious soil is poured on top, including rotted compost and humus in equal parts. In heavy, clayey soils, there should be additives of river sand, peat or rotted sawdust.

It is advisable to prune the shoots, leaving 3-5 buds on each. Both drying and overly elongated roots are pruned. Places of cuts are disinfected with wood ash or crushed activated carbon.

Planting of seedlings is carried out on hills. At the same time, the roots are carefully straightened, the planting recesses are filled in, and the root collars of the seedlings are deepened by 5-6 cm. This is followed by irrigation and mulching of the near-root circle with straw or sawdust.

Planting shrubs in different seasons has its own pros and cons. In order for a gooseberry to start, you need to know some aspects of planting it. First of all, you need to choose the right planting material, then decide on the landing site and competently prepare the planting pit.

Growing and care

The culture is quite whimsical in relation to the composition of the soil, the landing sites and its water state. It develops productively on light and fertile soils, tolerates waterlogged areas unsatisfactorily, often becoming infected with diseases of a fungal nature. In hot weather, it is in dire need of irrigation, requires systematic sanitary and clarifying pruning.

In the summer, it is extremely necessary to carry out activities for weeding, loosening the soil, irrigation (if necessary), fertilizing and pruning.

The main additives are produced 2 times a year. In early spring, rotted compost is added to the near-root space, and the soil is loosened.

At the end of the fruiting period, the bushes are spilled with infusions of mullein or bird droppings. During the summer period, as well as after flowering, fertilizing is carried out with mineral fertilizers, which include potassium, phosphorus, magnesium supplements.

In the fall, the necessary sanitary cutting is carried out, eliminating deformed shoots and old branches, since the flowers of the culture are formed on 2-year-old shoots.

Fallen leaves, litter, obsolete mulch are removed under the bushes and a new one is added (8-10 cm high). With the appearance of snow, drifts are raked up to the bushes.

In order to rejuvenate the gooseberry bush, give it a neat look, optimize yield and protect it from pests, it must be periodically pruned. There are several types of pruning: anti-aging, sanitary and shaping.Each of them differs in seasonality and frequency.
For feeding gooseberries, both mineral and complex mixtures are well suited. Pure organic, including homemade, can also be recommended.
Although gooseberries are considered to be an unpretentious crop, they also require regular maintenance. Compliance with agrotechnical practices in the autumn-winter period guarantees the duration of fruiting and high yields for the next year, therefore, preparing the gooseberry for winter is an important event.

Disease and pest resistance

According to the originator, the culture has a high immune potential against most typical diseases, with the exception of anthracnose, for which copper sulfate is used. For preventive purposes, in spring and autumn, the bushes are treated with "Topaz".

Spring spraying of shrubs with boiling water is effective against pest attacks. When aphids or spider mites attack, chemicals are used.

In order for the gooseberry to produce a good harvest, it is necessary to devote time to disease prevention.

Resistance to adverse climatic conditions

The culture is characterized by rare winter hardiness. She reliably tolerates winters without additional shelter at temperatures of -30 ... 35 degrees. But it does not differ in particular drought resistance. The consequence of moisture deficiency is the crumbling of the berries and the deterioration of their taste properties. However, even in these cases, its fruits do not fall prematurely.

One of the positive qualities of a gooseberry is its ease of reproduction. There are a number of methods for creating new bushes from old ones. Planting material is obtained by cuttings, layering and dividing the bush.
Main characteristics
Authors
K.D.Sergeeva (Michurin All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture)
Appeared when crossing
Black Negus x Date
Year of approval
1959
Appointment
technical
Yield
average
Average yield
12.6 t / ha (3.8 kg / bush)
Transportability
good
Bush
Growth type
vigorous
Description of the bush
sprawling, dense
Bush height, cm
130
The presence of thorns
with spikes
Thorniness
average
Escapes
growing - of medium thickness, curved, light green, with a slight anthocyanin coloration, non-pubescent: lignified - of medium thickness, intertwining
Sheet
large, grayish green, matte, pubescent, smooth, concave
Thorns
single, less often 2-3-spaced, of medium length and thickness, straight, dark-colored, directed perpendicular to the shoot or up
Spike location
located along its entire length, the lower internodes are covered with spines
Flowers
medium-sized, brightly colored
Inflorescence
one-two-flowered
Shoot recovery ability
high
Berries
Berry size
large
Berry weight, g
4,5-6
Berry shape
rounded or slightly pear-shaped
Berry color
bright green, with a malachite shade, ripe - with a "tan" on the sunny side
Skin
thin, transparent, with strong venation, veins are highly branched, lighter than the main color, undisturbed, with a waxy coating
Pulp
tender
Taste
sour
Berry aroma
saturated
Number of seeds
many
Berry composition
the amount of sugars - 8.6%, titratable acidity - 2.0%, ascorbic acid - 23.0-40.8 mg / 100 g
Tasting assessment
3.7 points
Growing
Self-fertility
high
Winter hardiness
high
Drought tolerance
high
Growing regions
North, Central, Volgo-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, Middle Volga, Lower Volga, Ural, Far East, North-West
Resistant to American powdery mildew
high
Anthracnose resistance
average
Fire resistance
high
Sawfly resistant
high
Septoria resistance
low
Maturation
Ripening terms
mid-season
Maturation features
stretched
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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