Water-based paints: types and compositions

Renovation always involves the use of paint. A large number of water-based paints and varnishes are currently commercially available that are not harmless to health. Therefore, the entire painting process will not make you worry about your own safety.

The product contains water as a diluent.

Water-based paints have the following benefits:

• high environmental friendliness;

• the painted surface is easy to clean with water and other means;

• fast drying;

• thanks to the easy application, you can cope with the painting yourself;

• lend themselves to repainting;

• the coating is durable;

• versatility for any surface;

• large selection of shades;

• there are no dangerous pigments in the composition, which does not lead to the formation of allergies.

The disadvantages of such paints are the following:

• during application, the coating temperature must be at least +5 degrees, otherwise the polymerization process will not occur, that is, a film surface does not form;

• incompatibility with other coatings, that is, water-based compounds will not adhere to alkyd enamel or oil paint;

• less wear resistant than two-component formulations based on organic solvents;

• the strength of the resulting film as a result of staining is formed only after four weeks.

Paints and varnishes differ in composition, which affects the characteristics of paints. Types of water-based coatings:

• Acrylic. The popularity of these dyes is due to the high-quality composition and affordable price. The basis of the material includes resins and additives that give certain properties. The paints can be used in places with high humidity. They have strength and durability. They do not have a pungent odor, and also do not lend themselves to the influence of chemical additives. Such a coating is easy to apply with the tools at hand. The resulting film is fixed without the use of additional funds. However, this product is not suitable for all coatings, as any defects will appear after painting. As a result, it is impossible to achieve a glossy base. Due to the rapid drying rate within a few hours, the product can lose its properties.

• Latex formulations are able to withstand direct exposure to water. Thanks to this quality, they can be used for the bathroom. The main material in the composition is latex. Irregularities after painting are practically invisible. The material has a drying rate within a few hours. A feature of latex compounds is resistance to dry and wet wear. Also, such a material is able to hide irregularities and cracks in surfaces.

• Silicone dyes can hide thick imperfections in painted surfaces due to their elasticity. They are able to be cleaned in the process of falling on the coating in the form of precipitation. The price of the product is much more expensive than other types, since its properties show the highest quality.

• Mineral coatings contain cement or hydrated lime. They are mainly used for interior decoration. Suitable for concrete substrates, brick walls, plastered surfaces. As a result of the painting, a film is formed that provides protection from moisture and the sun.

• Acrylic and silicone paints are a type of water dispersion, since the formation of a film occurs due to the presence of synthetic latex. These types of paints are considered fire retardant, since during heating a screen is formed that protects the heat.

• Alkyd the materials contain a resin resulting from the processing of oil elements. As a result of drying, a glossy texture is obtained. It is used for finishing walls and ceilings and has greater strength in contrast to the water-dispersion composition.

• Epoxy coating resistant to detergents, oils and atmospheric precipitation. It is based on a suspension of pigments and various fillers.

• Stamp material widely used for filling seals and stamps. This dye is quick-drying, due to this, the print does not smear during operation. A feature of this product is that it works on both water and glycerin bases. Has a large selection of colors.

On sale now you can see various forms of release of the same paints. This is due to the purpose of this composition, the type of surface to be painted. The convenience of a product depends on its type of packaging.

Spray paint can be used on furniture, metal or plastic. In this form, the spray will help decorate certain items.

The main advantages of aerosols:

• ready for use, you only need to shake the balloon several times;

• ideal for small parts of surfaces, as it has the ability to penetrate into the recesses of objects;

• ease of transportation;

• variety of colors;

• has a high drying rate;

• the ability to make color transitions;

• unlike bulky cans, open cans with leftover paint do not dry out.

Disadvantages:

• it is impossible to mix different shades;

• requires certain knowledge to work with aerosol containers;

• no solvent can be added;

• if painting is carried out outside, then work should be carried out only when there is no wind.

There is a large selection of concentrated dyes, which are added in a certain proportion to the composition of the paint and varnish material. Then mixing takes place until the desired shade is obtained, the intensity of which can be reduced or increased. But for each dye there is a restriction on the rate of use of the color scheme.

Pigment fillers are divided into two types:

• Organic. They stand out with a rich color, but are unstable to light and alkali.

• Inorganic. They have great lightfastness, but are limited in color fillers.

To create the required color for the paint and varnish material, the following rules should be observed:

• the calculation of the desired color scheme is carried out in advance;

• there are various catalogs in which you can see the finished shade;

• the use of special tables for mixing colors will give a positive result for obtaining more complex shades;

• a test batch is always done in a small white container, this will help determine the level of the required intensity;

• the mixture in a small container is applied to a small area of ​​the surface for testing;

• to achieve the required consistency, mixing is done using a drill with a special nozzle.

Advantages of the manual color mixing method:

• favorable in relation to the price;

• the possibility of breeding and use at the place of painting;

• there are no restrictions on the choice of shade.

Modern technologies also make it possible to carry out the selection of the pigment through a computer program, which is available in hardware stores. Thanks to special equipment, a quick selection of the required dose and a combination of the intended shade is carried out. Kneading is also carried out using the machine.

Advantages of computer coloring:

• high speed of obtaining the required shade;

• there is the possibility of re-obtaining the same shade;

• wide range of paints.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of mixing at the place of repair.

It is quite difficult to achieve the desired rich result, it will take patience. Otherwise, you can get only a dull gray tint.

Achievement of the intended color is ensured by a good choice of white paint without yellow additives.

The color scheme is selected taking into account the corresponding surface. The wall pigment cannot be used on the ceiling.

To obtain a beige shade, a mixture of snow white and gold pigments is required.

The versatile properties of paints allow you to paint various surfaces outside and inside the house.

Coatings that can be painted with water-based paints and varnishes:

• Metal. Water-soluble formulations protect against corrosion. The metal base must be prepared prior to exposure to the dye.

• Plastic. An acrylic coating using a hardener is suitable for this material. It will give the plastic chemical and mechanical resistance. It is recommended to choose products containing polyurethane additives.

• Plaster. For this surface, a coloring composition for interior work is selected. For plastered walls and ceilings, a matt water-based material is selected.

• Lining can play the role of external or internal decoration. The choice of paint depends on this. Here the emphasis is on formulations suitable for wood. Both alkyd and water-dispersion are used.

• For plaster vapor-permeable and washable dyes are intended.

• For MDF furniture interior paints and varnishes are selected.

• For glass Stained glass acrylic paints that do not cause allergies are ideal. However, they are not durable enough and require additional processing.

• Paint and varnish material water-based suitable for all types of heating radiators. Such compositions do not have a pungent odor and have high heat resistance and durability.

• Flexo Printing Productscontain more pigment than non-aqueous dyes. This is necessary to create a viscous state. The formation of a film occurs due to the presence of various additional elements in the form of wetting and defoaming agents.

• Fits perfectly on a wooden surface acrylic paint... It does not cause streaks and allows you to maintain the structure of the tree.

When choosing water-based dyes, it is always taken into account on which surface the application is planned. There are a sufficient number of products on sale that differ in their quality composition. As a rule, the purpose of a particular paint is indicated on the packaging.

Learn more about the benefits of water-based paint in the video below.