How to make brick pillars correctly?

Brick pillars are an important part of many buildings. The design and construction of such parts must be approached with all responsibility, since the quality and service life of the entire construction as a whole often depends on them. It is quite possible to make brick columns with your own hands. Today we will take a closer look at how to do this correctly in order to get the desired result.

Brick columns are vertical architectural structures that are required to support hinged and additional strengthening of vertical foundations. In addition, these products are often used to give structures a more interesting and stylish look. Brick columns "with a bang" cope with the role of decorative components. Based on their main purpose, the following types of these structures are distinguished.

• Carriers. These types of brick pillars play the role of reliable and strong supports, set aside to support the hinged systems. The load-bearing columns take on the entire load from the indicated bases. In the future, this load is transferred directly to the foundation of the building.

• Fence. Pillars of this type are simple structures in which all individual elements are connected to each other, and sections remain between them. Basically, the only load these structures carry is their own weight. If any additional components are installed between the specified supports, then various kinds of horizontal loads (in most situations are insignificant) begin to act on the columns.

• Gate type. Elements of impressive weight are hung on these supports made of bricks, which are also movable (that is, they move relative to the brick pillars themselves). These structures can withstand both their own weight and horizontal loads from the structures hung on them. It is worth considering that horizontal loads in this situation can change the direction of the application.

• Decorative. These attractive brick structures are connected to load-bearing wall bases. Mechanically, they are almost not "loaded" with anything. Such details play the role of aesthetic decorations that adorn the construction.

It doesn't matter what kind of pillars you are going to design - for gates, fence or bearing ones, in any case you will need to purchase high-quality building materials with good performance characteristics and a long service life. Only from such products the columns will turn out to be really stable, reliable and attractive.

Bricks for such structures can be either solid or hollow.The main thing is to take into account the properties of frost resistance, moisture absorption and wear resistance of these building materials. It is necessary to select a brick that will not be afraid of unfavorable external factors, for example, precipitation or temperature changes. In addition, experts strongly recommend giving preference to only environmentally friendly and safe products that will not have a negative impact on the environment or human health.

To build columns, you cannot buy bricks weighing less than 4.3 kg. If you plan to decorate the outer surface of the pillars with bricks, then you will have to look for building materials with a relief or smooth surface, a uniform color.

Before proceeding with the independent manufacture of beautiful and high-quality brick pillars, it is advisable to calculate the amount of building materials in which you need to purchase. Experts say that when using solid bricks, you can refuse additional calculations. However, there is often a need to identify the smallest section, which will be sufficient for good strength and stability of structures.

In order to determine all the necessary parameters, it is very important to have all the required information about the brand of the purchased building materials, the perimeter of the support of the crossbars on the poles, the cross-sectional area and the volume of the transferred load. It should be borne in mind that all the nuances of counting brick pillars or wall foundations are described in detail in the corresponding SNiPs (for example, SNiP II-22-81 (1995).

In addition, when calculating the required products, one must rely on predetermined dimensional parameters of future columns (one should keep in mind their height and section). The calculation is usually carried out based on the number of bricks in a row, taking into account a seam of 10 mm. Experts recommend taking into account the following initial data:

• if the pillars have a cross section of 30x30 cm, then in one row you will need to lay out 4 simple bricks;
• if the section is 40x40 cm, then there will already be 6 elements in the row;
• with a section of 60x60 cm, the calculation of the volume of bricks should be done as for 4 separate columns with a section of 30x30 cm;
• if the section reaches 80x80 cm, then first prepare a column of 60x60 cm, and then revet it with brickwork.

In order to get the final amount, you will need to add about 10-15% for the battle, possible marriage and garbage (in this matter, it is also recommended to take into account the experience of the master who will carry out the work).

To install brick columns, you must first build high-quality foundations. For example, options for a fence belonging to the Lux class especially need a reliable foundation (we will consider all the working stages using the example of these structures). You need to design it as follows.

• First, they mark the territory on which the installation of brick columns is planned. This is done in the same way as when installing wooden or metal structures.It must be borne in mind that the same fence made of brick pillars must be placed on the site in accordance with the cadastral plan.
• First, you need to mark the areas on which the corner supports will be located. To do this, at the right points, you will need to drive in small wooden pegs and stretch a string between them.
• Then you need to identify the step between the supports. It will depend on the canvases that are planned to be installed between the individual posts. For example, for a profiled sheet, a step of no more than 2.5 m is suitable.

Further, a foundation pit is dug under the foundation. If the soil in the area is heaving, then first the support parts will need to be well protected from the influence of water in the soil. For this, the lower part of the columns is butted. After preparing the pit for the pillars, it will be possible to proceed directly to the design of the foundation. The following steps are envisaged:

• at the bottom of the excavated recess, it is necessary to lay a pillow of gravel and sand 10-15 cm;
• then the axis of the support part is fixed in the center;
• 2-3 rods (reinforcement) 90 cm in height are placed parallel to the axis;
• then it is necessary to lay a pillow of sand and gravel, in parallel checking the verticality of the supporting element;
• expanding the hole, it is necessary to lay a 5-cm cushion of rubble and sand over the entire area;
• you will need to constantly check the horizontal axis;
• then it will be necessary to pour concrete flush with the soil level;
• the concrete should dry completely within 7-10 days.

You can lay out the columns of brick yourself with your own hands. At the same time, it is important to adhere to a certain scheme so that the work is understandable, and the result is expected.

To independently build such structures, you will need to stock up on the following required tools:

• trowel (trowel);
• spatula;
• hammer-pickaxe;
• jointing;
• ladle;
• plumb line;
• construction bubble or laser level;
• square;
• iron ruler.

In order to competently prepare the solution, it is best to stock up on a high-quality construction mixer. As for the installation of reinforcing parts and cutting bricks, such a functional device as a grinder is ideal here.

The level of strength of a brick column largely depends on the competent execution of the ligation of individual rows, which provides for a special masonry. Let's consider the most popular options.

If the size is 2x1.5 bricks (6 parts in one row), then the masonry must be carried out as follows:

• 1 row will consist of four bricks laid among themselves with spoons; and two will need to be laid across with spoons to the pokes of the previous parts;
• Row 2 is laid out in the same way, but at the same time it is necessary to make a revolution of 180 degrees;
• The 3rd row will consist of 3 bricks located in parallel in the center with two lining on the sides, while the corners will need to be filled with separate halves of bricks;
• The 4th row is carried out by installing 2 parallel masonries of 3 bricks each.

After that, a dressing is done.

If the size is 2x2 bricks, that is, 8 blocks in one row, then the sequence of actions will be as follows:

• 1 row will fit in 4 bricks combined with spoons, docked with pokes;
• Row 2 will consist of four parallel bricks located in the center; you will need to attach the remaining parts to their pokes with spoons from 2 sides;
• for row 3, the previous combination will need to be turned 90 degrees;
• The 4th row is laid out like the starting row, but with a turn of 90 degrees.

The described complicated ligament, consisting of four brick rows, will guarantee the highest strength characteristics of the pillars. In order to further strengthen such bases, after each dressing cycle, it will be necessary to fix the reinforcing mesh. If there are even small loads, special reinforcing rods are placed on the bearing pillars of blocks in the center of the masonry.

If you decide to construct a reliable fence from brick pillars, then you should know that the heavier it is, the more solid the supports will need to be made. That is why it is so important to correctly calculate the height of all the constituent structures of the supports and the size of their section.

For the construction of brick pillars, an iron pipe is often used. It is around the pipe that the brickwork is installed. At the same time, the lower half of the metal part is driven into the ground by 1.7 m.

Before the installation of brick pillars, a reliable strip base is most often built. It has excellent strength characteristics and does not require much deepening.

In the manufacture of heavy columns, experienced craftsmen strongly recommend filling the space that remains between parts such as steel reinforcement and lined bricks.

It should be borne in mind that special posts for logs are a very important technological step in flooring. Such designs make it possible to avoid the appearance of fungus and mold, as well as subsidence of the floorboard. Thanks to this, these materials will be able to last much longer.

Brick pillars, if desired, can be decorated. For this, it is permissible to use various colored stones or glass beads. The seams can be made black by adding some soot to the grout.

If there is a desire to build beautiful screw pillars, then you should turn to the masonry of 1.5 bricks. In this case, the blocks themselves will need to be stacked with a slight offset. Each brick will need to be laid with a ledge.

How to make brick pillars correctly, you will learn from the video.