Pear Yakovlevskaya

Pear Yakovlevskaya is one of the most popular modern varieties of fruit trees. It is fruitful and bears fruit suitable for long-term winter storage. The variety begins to bear fruit as early as 5-6 years old, for its unpretentiousness and strong immunity it has repeatedly received praise from professional agronomists and amateur gardeners.

The variety was entered into the State Register in 2002 as approved for use. The selection involved Talgar beauty x Daughter of the Dawn. The cultivar was developed by a group of specialists led by S.P. Yakovlev from the V.I. Michurin.

The trees are medium-sized, with a pyramidal, not very dense crown. Shoots are straight, red-brown, not pubescent. The average annual growth is up to 30 cm, an adult tree can reach 10 m in height, depending on the choice of rootstock. Fruiting in this variety of pears is mixed, occurs on all types of branches.

Pears of the Yakovlevskaya variety have a medium-density skin with a waxy bloom and noticeable gray dots on the surface. The coloration is complex, with a greenish-yellow base and a red cover. Fruits are regular, elongated, pear-shaped. The size is medium or slightly larger, the mass reaches 125 g. The pulp is colored white or creamy, depending on the stage of ripening.

The fruits are sweet and sour, refreshing, with a delicate semi-oily pulp. The pears are juicy; when biting through, a fine graininess of the pulp is felt. The tasting score is high, about 4.5 points.

Pear Yakovlevskaya belongs to winter varieties. The fruits are harvested in the second decade of September and later.

Pear Yakovlevskaya is a high-yielding tree. Average collection rates are 178 c / ha. In individual plantings, at least 50 kg of fruits are obtained from an adult tree.

The variety is zoned for the Central Black Earth Region. It takes root well only in warm enough climates. In cold regions, the fruits simply do not have time to ripen completely.

The variety is classified as self-pollinated. Planting other pears nearby can only be used to increase the number of ovaries. When choosing a pollinator variety, it is important to focus on the coincidence of the flowering dates of the trees. Pears Nika, Pervomaiskaya will do.

Yakovlevskaya - a pear suitable for planting for 2 years after the formation of the plant on the rootstock or rooting. The variety is sensitive to the abundance of moisture in the soil, therefore, when planting in poorly permeable soils, additional drainage is used, sand is used to create a looser substrate. In areas with a close occurrence of groundwater, the tree will not be able to grow and develop normally.

For planting, it is best to choose early spring, starting in late March.Autumn planting is also possible, until mid-October. In this case, care should be taken to protect young shoots from rodents, frost, accidental break. The soil will need fertile, well-developed, moderately loose. The optimal solution is considered to be neutral acid loam, flavored with peat or other organic matter.

The pits are prepared according to a 5 × 4 m scheme to leave room for the development of a lush crown. They are filled with soil substrate 14 days before the planting date, allowing the earth to settle. The depth of each hole will be 50 cm with a diameter of 60 cm, a retaining peg is placed inside. When the root type is open, the tips are refreshed by cutting. Fertilizers can be placed in the hole - up to 200 g of superphosphate and about 20 g of potassium sulfate.

After planting, young trees are tied up, watered abundantly. The root collar after compaction of the soil should protrude above the ground, like the grafting area.

Upon completion of the planting process, you can go to the standard mode of carrying out agrotechnical procedures. The pear tree is given about 10 days to adapt. Then the trunk circle is periodically loosened and weeded, sprinkled with mulch. Watering before flowering is carried out only if the winter was little snow, or in the absence of precipitation in April-May. Then moisture is introduced 3 weeks after the petals fall off and again when the ovaries appear. In the 1st decade of September, the procedure is repeated.

Fertilizing the tree is not required for the first 4 years after planting, until the very beginning of flowering. Then, in the spring, an annual nitrogen fertilization is carried out. Before the first fruiting, trees are fertilized with a mixture of superphosphate, potassium sulfate and organic matter.

Since the life cycle of the Yakovlevskaya pear is quite long - up to 90 years, it will not be possible to do without rejuvenating crown pruning. With the right approach, such measures will allow the tree to fully reveal its potential by 15-20 years of its life. The tree is formed during the first 6 years, leaving about 5 main skeletal branches in the crown, with a higher central shoot.

The variety is distinguished by good immune protection. It is practically not affected by scab, septoria and entomosporiosis. As a preventive measure against other diseases, trees are sprayed with a 3% Bordeaux mixture during the period of bud swelling. In the 2nd decade of November, the trunks are whitened for plants, preparing a solution from a bucket of water, 1 kg of lime and 3 kg of cow dung. And also add 4 kg of raw clay, 50 g of soap shavings and copper sulfate. The mixture is applied twice, with a break of 2 hours, on all shoots and trunk.

Yakovlevskaya is a pear with high winter hardiness. Withstands a drop in atmospheric temperatures down to -38 degrees. Frozen shoots recover quickly. The variety is sensitive to drought, it requires an increase in watering rates during prolonged heat.

The main disadvantage of this variety is the tendency to reduce the size of the fruit. It is very important to monitor the general condition of the tree, to thin out the crown in a timely manner; in especially fruitful years, rationing of ovaries may be required. The fruits harvested before the onset of consumer maturity are tough; they gain their best qualities closer to winter. In prolonged periods of high humidity, pears can suffer from scab - summer residents advise in this case not to neglect preventive treatments in the early spring period.

Otherwise, the Yakovlevskaya pear is more praised than criticized. She is called the champion for the duration of storage in the refrigerator. The fruits are also being processed quite successfully. They make delicious jams, compotes, preserves, marshmallows and dried fruits.

It is noted that trees are very sensitive to good watering, responding to it with abundant flowering. Interestingly, in the south, the first ovaries can appear on young trees from 3-4 years old, earlier than in other regions. This variety adapts well to the conditions of the Moscow region, but it has to be harvested before the onset of frost.