Pear Williams (Williams summer, Duchess summer)

Pear Williams (Williams summer, Duchess summer)
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Wheeler (Berkshire, England)
  • Name synonyms: Williams Bon Chetien, English Pear, Bon-Chretien, Bon-Chretien Williams, Williams, Doene, Bartlett
  • Year of approval: 1947
  • Fruit weight, g: 150-200 and more
  • Ripening terms: summer
  • Fruit picking time: from the second decade of August
  • Appointment: universal
  • Growth type: low or medium height
  • Yield: high
  • Transportability: good
View all specifications

The Williams variety is loved by many gardeners due to its simplicity in care and cultivation. Even beginners can achieve high yields and harvest large quantities of tasty and healthy fruits every season. The fruits have a universal purpose and are perfect for preparing mouth-watering delicacies.

Description of the variety

The maximum tree height reaches 2.5 meters. Growth type - medium or low growth. The crown is formed from thick and vigorous branches that grow upward. The shape is pyramidal, slightly rounded. The density is medium. Shoots can be either arched or straight, covered with a small number of lentils.

The foliage with a short tip is shaped like an egg. It is large and smooth, with a slight gloss. Light lateral veins are visible. The foliage is strong. Flowers of medium size are collected in inflorescences of 6-7 pieces. The color of the petals is white with a delicate creamy shade.

Fruit characteristics

The average weight of pears is from 150 to 200 grams. Larger specimens can often be found. The shape is classic pear-shaped, slightly elongated. Sizes are marked as large or above average. The main color of ripe fruits is yellow-golden. And also on the surface, a pink-scarlet integumentary color is noticeable. Some fruits have rustiness, expressed in the form of small spots.

The pulp melts when eaten fresh. It is oily, aromatic and very juicy. Color - white with a yellow tint. The peel is glossy and thin, therefore it does not cause discomfort when eaten fresh. A large number of small subcutaneous dots of gray color are formed inside. Pears grow on thick and slightly curved stalks of medium length. Fruits harvested slightly unripe can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 45 days or up to 15 days indoors. The color of the seeds is brown, the shape is oval. The sizes are small.

Taste qualities

The main taste of pears is sweet. It is complemented by a slight sourness. A distinctive feature is the nutmeg aftertaste and aroma. The gastronomic quality of the crop is excellent. The tasters gave the variety 4.8 points out of 5 possible.

Ripening and fruiting

Ripe pears begin to be harvested from the second decade of August. Ripening dates fall in the summer. Early maturity depends on the structure of the tree: grafted on a pear - they bear fruit for 5 or 6 years, on quince - for 3 or 4 years. Trees bear fruit every season without taking a break.

Ripening of pears begins in the second half of summer and lasts until mid-autumn. To keep the pears fresh and tasty until winter, harvesting takes into account the characteristics of the variety, the ripening time and the weather conditions in the region.

Yield

High yield is another feature thanks to which the Williams variety has become widespread. From one tree, you can get from 69 to 230-250 kilograms of juicy pears.Yields are influenced by many factors, including care, tree age and climate. With commercial cultivation, up to 200 quintals of pears can be harvested from one hectare of land. The fruits are of high marketability and average transportability. When transporting crops over long distances, you need to harvest a little immature.

Landing

Before planting trees, you need to find the right place. The site should be well lit by the sun, because trees grow slowly in the shade and begin to ache. The variety does not make high demands on the composition of the soil. The main thing is that the soil is fertile and moderately moist. If there is groundwater in the area, they should flow low enough so that the roots do not start to rot.

It is better to immediately choose a suitable location, since trees do not tolerate the transplanting process well and take a long time to get used to a new place. If the transplant is forced, you need to be prepared for unpleasant consequences. Some seedlings may not survive the transfer and die.

Experienced gardeners recommend choosing young plants from 1 to 2 years old for planting. They adapt most easily to a new site. The height of the seedlings should be from 1.3 to 1.5 meters. The length of the roots is 20-30 centimeters, and the number of branches is 3-5 pieces. There should be no leaves on them. Trees with symptoms of diseases and traces of pests are not suitable for transplanting. Special attention is paid to the roots. Broken and dried roots are removed.

Disembarkation is carried out in spring or autumn. The first option is more preferable, since the trees will have time to completely take root before the onset of frost, however, in this case, the seedlings may suffer from heat and various diseases. Choosing an autumn planting, you need to choose the right time. There should be at least one month before the onset of frost. Otherwise, the pear may not survive the winter and suffer from low temperatures.

The depth of the landing pit is 80 centimeters, the diameter is 60 centimeters. A drainage 10 centimeters thick is laid at the bottom of each hole. Chipped brick or expanded clay will do. To prepare the planting substrate, you need to mix the soil from the upper layers of the earth with superphosphate, humus and potassium sulfate.

You need to place a peg in the pit. Part of the earth, mixed with nutrients, is poured into the hole, and a slide is made. A seedling is placed on it, and the roots are carefully distributed around the edges. They should not bend. Now you can fill up the remaining soil. The earth is carefully rammed and watered at the rate of 2-3 buckets per tree. After the ground has settled, it can be covered with mulch. Choose an organic product: straw, peat or sawdust.

In order for the pears to be tasty and of high quality, and the yields to be consistently high, you need to responsibly approach the planting of a fruit tree. When planting a pear, you need to take into account many factors: correctly determine the timing, choose the right place, pay attention to the preparation of the planting pit.
Pear grafting is a simple and exciting procedure, but it requires accuracy and adherence to a number of rules. First of all, you need to take care of the selection and procurement of inoculation material, deal with the timing and methods of vaccination. An important point is also the choice of the rootstock, on the quality of which the result of the entire event and future fruiting will directly depend.

Growing and care

Fruiting and growth activity of the Williams variety directly depends on the correct care. Fruit trees need regular irrigation for the first 3 years after planting. The garden is irrigated once a month or less often if damp and cloudy weather is established. It is important not to allow the trunk circle to dry out.

Pears must be watered before the upcoming winter or the beginning of flowering. During the rainy season, watering significantly reduces or completely eliminates them. In a hot season, irrigation is carried out using an increased amount of water.

When weeds appear, they must be removed immediately along with the root.The soil around the trunk is loosened so that it remains light and also allows water and oxygen to pass through without problems. To reduce watering, use mulch. It not only keeps the soil moist, but also prevents weeds from growing. And also this is additional food.

Pears are fertilized about 3 times a year. Substances with a high nitrogen content are chosen in the spring. 150 grams of azofoska are consumed per tree. With the onset of summer, they switch to a mullein solution or a mineral complex. When the season changes to autumn, superphosphate and potassium sulfate are added to the soil in a dry form. Fertilizers are introduced after the tree has been pruned. And also once every 3 years (in the fall) humus is added to the area around the trunk circle.

The pruning procedure is performed in early spring or autumn. Young pears are cut so that no more than 5 lateral branches remain (their height is about 50-60 centimeters). They should be shortened by about 30-50 centimeters each year. Otherwise, they will start branching and become too long.

In order for fruit trees to survive the winter without problems, they are abundantly fertilized and pruned. And also you need to remove all fallen leaves, and cover the soil around the pear with mulch (layer thickness - 25-30 centimeters). The trunk can be wrapped in burlap or agrofiber.

In order for a pear to grow correctly and give high yields, its branches must be cut off in time. Pruning can be done in both spring and fall. Depending on the age of the tree and the goals set, pruning can be: sanitary, thinning, shaping, stimulating, rejuvenating.
Feeding pears is a must-have procedure that cannot be ignored. Experienced gardeners recommend applying the first fertilizers two years after planting the tree. The process is divided into 3 main stages, which are determined by the timing of ripening, flowering and fruiting of the pear.
There are two ways to grow a pear seedling - vegetative and by seed. The first method is the most common, including propagation by cuttings, air layers, seedling buds. Seeds are grown less often, since in order to get a bountiful harvest with good taste of the fruit, the seedling will need to be grafted.

Like any other fruit trees, the pear needs protection from various diseases and pests. When planting a pear on your site, you need to know in advance what diseases you should beware of. To successfully carry out the struggle, it is necessary first to correctly identify the cause of the problem. It is important to distinguish signs of disease from manifestations of the presence of insects, mites, caterpillars and other types of pests.

Main characteristics
Authors
Wheeler (Berkshire, England)
Name synonyms
Williams Bon Chetien, English pear, Bon-Chretien, Bon-Chretien Williams, Williams, Doenne, Bartlett
Year of approval
1947
Appointment
universal
Yield
high
Average yield
from 69 to 230-250 kg per tree; up to 200 c / ha
Transportability
good
Marketability
high
Wood
Growth type
weak or medium height
Height, m
up to 2.5
Crown
rounded pyramidal, medium density
Branches
thick, upward
Escapes
thick, slightly arched or straight, glabrous, with few lenticels, medium size, light yellow
Foliage
strong
Leaves
large, ovate, short-pointed, smooth, shiny, slightly folded "boat"; lateral veins are light, characteristic of this variety, protruding; the edge of the leaf is shallow, the tip is short
Flowers
medium size, 6-7 in inflorescences, white with a cream shade
Fruit
Fruit weight, g
150-200 and more
Fruit shape
elongated pear-shaped
Fruit size
above average and large
Fruit color
the main color is golden yellow, the integumentary color is weak, pink-red
Rustiness
sometimes occurs as specks
Pulp
oily, melting, juicy, aromatic
Pulp color
yellowish white
Taste
wine-sweet with pleasant acidity and nutmeg aftertaste
Scent
nutmeg
Skin
fragrant, thin, shiny
Subcutaneous points
numerous, small, gray
Peduncle
medium length, thick, slightly curved, often beveled
The chemical composition of the fruit
dry soluble substances - 13.8%, sugars - 8.3%, titratable acids - 0.42%, ascorbic acid - 5.4 mg / 100g, P-active catechins - 42.6 mg / 100g fr wt
Duration of storage of fruits
fruits removed in advance - up to 15 days, in the refrigerator - up to 45
Maturation
Ripening terms
summer
Fruit picking time
from the second decade of August
Early maturity
trees grafted on a pear - for 5-6 years, grafted on quince - for 3-4 years
Frequency of fruiting
annual without interruption
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Pollinating varieties
Clapp's Favorite, Forest Beauty, Olivier de Serre
Crumbling
No
Breeding features
works well on pear and quince
Winter hardiness
No
Drought tolerance
low
Soil requirements
fertile rich soil
Moisture requirements
sufficient hydration
Location
areas protected from winds
Growing regions
North Caucasian
Disease resistance
average
Pest resistance
affected by aphids
Scab resistance
average
Pear Copper Resistant
amazed
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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