Pear Veles

Pear Veles
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Yu. A. Petrov, N. V. Efimova (VSTISP)
  • Appeared when crossing: Venus x Forest Beauty
  • Name synonyms: Daughter Excellent
  • Year of approval: 2001
  • Fruit weight, g: 120-150
  • Ripening terms: autumn
  • Fruit picking time: August-early September
  • Appointment: fresh
  • Growth type: medium height
  • Yield: high
View all specifications

Veles pear is one of the best pears for the Moscow region and the middle lane. She was included by the State Register in the list of admitted in 2001. Parents: the famous Forest Beauty, a Belgian fruitful variety with green-ruddy pears, and Venus, an unpretentious Russian variety from 1964 with fruits of the same size and color.

Description of the variety

The tree is up to 4 m high. The crown is spreading, with age it becomes wide-pyramidal, the density is medium. Ringlets (main fruiting shoots) are large, evenly spaced. Leaves are medium in size, smooth, with long, thin petioles.

Fruit characteristics

Pears are medium in size, closer to large, 120-150 grams, pleasantly rounded, wide, symmetrical. No ribs. The skin is dense, smooth, greenish-yellow with a slight orange blush. The stalks are long, of medium thickness. The seed chambers are small, narrow, the seeds are dark brown. The pulp is medium-dense. Pears are prone, transportable, well stored - after removal, they can lie in the refrigerator until the 2nd decade of November.

Taste qualities

The taste is sweet, harmonious, sweet with the right amount of acid, refined. The pulp is fragrant, medium-dense, buttery. Tasting score of 4.6 points out of 5.

The fruits are recommended for fresh consumption, which is how most gardeners use them. But with an excess of the harvest, pears will be excellent in blanks: juices, compotes, fruit salads, jam.

Ripening and fruiting

Autumn variety. Begins to bear fruit for 5-7 years. Harvested from late August to early September. The yield is amicable, but the harvest is carried out in 2 steps. First, the large ones are removed, then the remaining ones. For storage, it is better to take off in a slightly unripe form.

Ripening of pears begins in the second half of summer and lasts until mid-autumn. In order to keep the pears fresh and tasty until winter, the characteristics of the variety, the ripening time and the weather conditions in the region are taken into account when harvesting.

Yield

The yield is high, 126 centners per hectare. From 1 tree - 80 kg of fruits. In some cases - up to 100 kg. The crop is stable, leveled, pears of even size.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The pear is self-fertile, the best pollinating varieties that increase productivity are the Chizhovskaya, Severyanka, Rogneda pears.

Landing

Two-year-old pear seedlings are planted in the spring, before the start of sap flow, or in the fall, at the end of September. Autumn planting is preferable. The distance between rows and trees is 6.5 meters each.

In order for the pears to be tasty and of high quality, and the yields to be consistently high, you need to responsibly approach the planting of a fruit tree. When planting a pear, you need to take into account many factors: correctly determine the timing, choose the right place, pay attention to the preparation of the planting pit.
Pear grafting is a simple and exciting procedure, but it requires accuracy and adherence to a number of rules. First of all, you need to take care of the selection and procurement of inoculation material, understand the timing and methods of vaccination. An important point is also the choice of the rootstock, on the quality of which the result of the entire event and future fruiting will directly depend.

Growing and caring

Like all pears, careful pruning is required to avoid overloading the tree with fruit. With bountiful harvests, the fruits may shrink.

Adult plants do not need watering, although 3-4 procedures will be required in a dry summer, but young Veles pears are watered regularly - at least 2 times a week, slightly varying the amount of water depending on the weather.

By winter, all fallen leaves and carrion are removed, the trunks are whitewashed with a solution of lime and clay, the trunks are dug up so that the pests that have climbed into the winter are on top and are neutralized by frosts. Spread out 20-35 cm of sawdust.

So that the trees are not damaged by rodents, the trunks are wrapped with spruce branches, placing it so that the needles look down.

Top dressing will have a positive effect on yields. They are held at least 3 times per season.

  1. Spring. During the flowering period, fertilize with urea (120 g per 5 liters of water - per tree).

  2. Summer. In early July - infusion of mullein (1 part of manure, 20 parts of water, leave for 5 days, for 1 tree - 3 buckets).

  3. Autumn. Phosphorus and potassium are added at the end of September. For 1 tree - 10 liters of water with 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate and 1 tbsp. l. potassium chloride.

The Veles variety is extremely resistant to pests and diseases, but a culture like a pear in the middle lane needs careful attention, regardless of litter.

If pests are found, treatments are carried out, first with folk remedies: tobacco (400 g per 10 l of water), laundry soap (200-300 g per 10 l of water). If there are many pests, an insecticide is selected. His choice depends on the type of pest.

  1. "Karbofos" and "Nitrafen" paste - from pear gall mite, pear copper.

  2. Paste "Nitrafen" - from pear gall mite.

  3. "Confidor" - from pear leaf and fruit gall midge.

  4. Chlorophos - from the eastern and pear moth.

Well-tuned agricultural technology protects well from pests. Healthy trees in a clean garden rarely get sick and deal with pests on their own. Prevention measures include simple procedures.

  1. Cleaning of the site in the fall. All plant waste is burned. It cannot be used for composting.

  2. Regular inspection of the bark and treatment of cracks where certain types of insects may hibernate. Cracks are treated with copper sulfate (1% solution) and covered with garden varnish.

  3. In the fall, before preparing for winter, the soil and crown are sprayed with Bordeaux liquid (3% solution).

  4. The same treatment is repeated in the spring.

  5. Set trapping belts made of burlap, films on tree trunks. Belt height - 50-60 cm.

  6. Treat with fungicides "Horus", "Raek" or "Skor" after flowering every 2-3 weeks. They monitor the timely change of the drug, otherwise the microorganisms get used to it and can arrange an unpleasant surprise for the next year. Use 1 fungicide no more than 3 times in 1 season.

If blackness begins to appear on the pear, this can mean both illness and a lack of potassium. It is best to feed the plant with ash, which simultaneously solves several problems, and even strengthens the winter hardiness of the tree.

The Veles pear is so good that they often try to grow it in Siberia and the Urals. Here trees should be carefully covered for the winter. Instead of agrofibre, lutrasil, burlap, which are enough for gardeners from Central Russia, they use brushwood, spruce branches, boards, slate sheets.

Shelter is especially important for young trees. The trunk circles are sprinkled with a 3-5 cm layer of peat, humus or straw. Then the branches are lowered to the ground, making them heavier with sand, coniferous branches, the trunk is wrapped with covering material with holes for air intake.

In order for a pear to grow correctly and give high yields, its branches must be cut off in time. Pruning can be done in both spring and fall. Depending on the age of the tree and the goals set, pruning can be: sanitary, thinning, shaping, stimulating, rejuvenating.
Feeding pears is a must-have procedure that cannot be ignored. Experienced gardeners recommend applying the first fertilizers two years after planting the tree. The process is divided into 3 main stages, which are determined by the timing of ripening, flowering and fruiting of the pear.
There are two ways to grow a pear seedling - vegetative and by seed. The first method is the most common, including propagation by cuttings, air layers, seedling buds. Seeds are grown less often, since in order to get a bountiful harvest with good taste of the fruit, the seedling will need to be grafted.

Like any other fruit trees, the pear needs protection from various diseases and pests. When planting a pear on your site, you need to know in advance what diseases you should beware of. To successfully carry out the struggle, it is necessary first to correctly identify the cause of the problem. It is important to distinguish signs of disease from manifestations of the presence of insects, mites, caterpillars and other types of pests.

Resistance to soil and climatic conditions

The pear feels great in the middle lane, it is widespread in the Moscow region. It is here that it is recommended to grow it.

The plant can withstand frosts down to -35 ° С. Avoid planting the Veles pear in regions where frosts below –2 ° C are possible in April-May. Such temperatures will damage flower buds, you may be left without a crop.

Review overview

The variety consists almost entirely of pluses: resistance to diseases, cold, drought, dampness, stability in yields, attractive and tasty fruits, ideal for fresh consumption and for sale. Winter hardiness and disease resistance are the highest. For these two indicators, the Veles pear is a recognized leader in comparison with other autumn varieties for the Moscow region. The only negative is that the pear will bear fruit relatively late. There are varieties that will bear fruit for 3-4 years (Thumbelina, Just Maria). But this trifle is forgiven for the excellent durability of the tree, the bountiful harvest and worthy, southern-tasting fruits of the pear of Veles.

Main characteristics
Authors
Yu. A. Petrov, N. V. Efimova (VSTISP)
Appeared when crossing
Venus x Forest Beauty
Name synonyms
Daughter Excellent
Year of approval
2001
Appointment
fresh
Yield
high
Average yield
126 c / ha
Marketability
high
Wood
Growth type
medium-sized
Height, m
up to 4
Crown
at a young age - spreading, then wide-pyramidal
Branches
curved
Escapes
medium, thick, brownish brown
Foliage
average
Leaves
medium, smooth with wavy curved finely serrated edges; petioles long, thin, with lanceolate stipules
Flowers
white
Fruiting type
on ringlets
Fruit
Fruit weight, g
120-150
Fruit shape
broad pear-shaped, without ribs
Fruit size
average and above average
Fruit color
the main color is greenish-yellow, the integumentary color is in the form of a light orange tan
Pulp
medium density, semi-oily, tender, juicy
Pulp color
creamy
Taste
sour sweet
Skin
smooth, covered with white bloom
Subcutaneous points
small, gray, subtle
Peduncle
medium thickness, long, slightly curved
Tasting assessment
4.6 points
Duration of storage of fruits
in the refrigerator - until mid-November
Maturation
Ripening terms
autumn
Fruit picking time
August-early September
Early maturity
for 5-7 years (from the year of growth in the nursery)
Frequency of fruiting
regular
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Pollinating varieties
Pear Chizhovskaya (for better yield)
Winter hardiness
high
Growing regions
Tsentralny, Moscow region and neighboring regions
Resistance to fungal diseases
steady
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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